Meiosis and fertility in spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis [Huds.]

• Autorzy: Wisniewska H
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper is the second part of the studies on spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis, morphological characters of which were given in the previous article (WIŚNIEWSKA 1994). This paper deals with meiosis in PMCs of spontaneous tetraploids of Festuca pratensis and their F₁ progeny (2n=28) and describes the fertility of these plants in comparison to that of the colchitetraploid cv. Westa and diploid cv. Skrzeszowicka. Different chromosome parings were found in three spontaneous tetraploids. In tetraploid 4/2, most frequently quidrivalents (5.72 IV per 1 PMC) were observed, whereas in tetraploids 465/2 and 534/2, bivalents were prevailing (5.36 and 5.65 II per cell, respectively). The rest of chromosomes remained as univalents, formed trivalcnts and uncountable chromosome associations. Spontaneous tetraploid plants had dehiscent anthers and a high pollen grain fertility (from 78.0 to 94.5%). The degree of seed setting at self-pollination in these plants was low. However, at open pollination, they set a little less seeds than the diploid cv. Skrzeszowicka and the cv. Westa. The plant Si obtained from selfed of spontaneus tetraploids were all tetraploids (2n=28). Seeds obtained from open pollination of spontaneous tetraploids, gave rise to 160 plants of F₁ and all were also tetraploid. No large differences in chromosome pairing.were observed in plants of F₁. At metaphase I a predominant number of bivalents (from 4.72 to 6.05 II) and a smaller number of quadrivalents (from 3.96 to 4.63 IV), were observed. All the plants of F₁ and S₁ generations had dehiscent anthers. Pollen grain viability of Fi plants was high (88.0-90.0%) and similar to that of the parental forms (78.0-89.5%) in the same year of the studies. The average seed setting of all studied F₁ plants at self-pollination ranged from 0.15 to 0.22%, being lower than that of the parental forms. At open pollination it ranged from 34.2 to 36.0%, which was higher than or similar to that of the parental forms in the same year.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Festuca pratensis; grain; fertility; Lolium perenne; plant genetics; pollination; chromosome configuration; spontaneous tetraploid; germination; Lupinus luteus; colchicine; meiosis; chromosome pairing; polyploidization

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Applied Genetics
• Rocznik: 1995
• Tom: 36
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.205-213,fig.

Twórcy

autor

Wisniewska H

• Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland

Bibliografia

• BADOUX S. (1993). Pourquoi pas une fétuque des pres tetraploide? Revue Suisse Agrie. 25(4): 211-213.
• COLLUM O. (1958). Comparative studies of chromosome pairing in natural and induced tetraploid Dactylis. Chromosoma 9: 571-605.
• EASTON H.S. (1977). A comparative study of genetic effect in isogenic diploid and tetraploid plants of Festuca pratensis Huds. I. Introduction, methodology and mean character differences. Ann. Ame'lior. Plantes, 27,5: 563-576.
• KAZIMIERSKI Y., KAZIMIERSKA E. (1994). Spontaneus poliploids of white lupin (Lupinus luteus L. s.l.). Origin and same morphological characters. Genet. Pol. 35: 271-284.
• KLINGA K. (1987). Aneuploidy in induced autotetraploid populations of Festuca pratensis, Lolium multiflorum, and Lolium perenne. IV. Competitive interaction between euploid and aneuploid plants in a stimulated perennial sward of tetraploid F. pratensis. Hereditas 107: 249-256.
• Mac KEY J. (1987). Implications of polyploidy breeding. Biologissche Zentralblatt 106 257-266.
• MORGAN W.G. (1975). A technique for the production of polyploids in grasses. Euphytica 25: 443-446.
• MORRISON J.W., RAJHATHY T. (1960). Frequency of quadrivalents in autotetraploid plants. Nature 87: 528-530.
• SIMONSEN Ø. (1973). Cytogenetic investigations in diploid and autotetraploid populations of Lolium perenne. Hereditas 75: 157-188.
• SIMONSEN Ø. (1975). Cytogenetic investigations in diploid and autotetraploid populations of Festuca pratensis. Hereditas 79: 73-108.
• SIMONSEN Ø. (1976). Genetic variation in diploid and autotetraploid populations of Lolium perenne. Hereditas 84: 133-156.
• SYBENGA J. (1973). Allopolyploidization of autopolyploids. 2. Manipulation of the chromosome pairing system. Euphytica 22: 433-444.
• SULINOWSKI S. (1979). Breeding of tetraploid varieties of Lolium sp. and Festuca pratensis in Poland. Biul. Inst. Hodowli Aklim. Rośl. 135(1): 350-356.
• WIŚNIEWSKA H. (1994). Morphological characteristic of spontaneus poliploids of Festuca pratensis Huds. Genet. Pol. 35: 255-269.
• WÖHRMANN K. (1959). Samentrapsanalyse von di und tetraploiden Wiesenschwingel (Festuca pratensis Huds.). Zeit für Pfianzenzüchtung 42: 93-102.