The influence of fragmentation on the growth of Elodea canadensis Michx. in different light conditions

• Autorzy: Mielecki M , Pieczynska E.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Plant fragments are commonly noticed in a wide range of freshwater environments. However, data on their further growth remain very scarce. The post-fragmentation growth of Elodea canadensis was analysed in a laboratory experiment in which plants were exposed to different light conditions ranging from 3 to 30 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹. The growth of whole plants (12cm) and fragmented (cut) shoots (apical fragment of 3 cm and middle and lower fragments of 4 and 5 cm respectively) was analysed over 33 days (with measurements of weight and length after 11, 21 and 33 days). In all light treatments both cut and whole plants grew. The growth rates were found to vary greatly over the exposure period. During the first 11 days, whole plants or the fragments thereof exhibited the greatest increases in biomass and length in all light treatments. Following further exposure under no shade and moderate shade, the growth of all plants, although still significant, was visibly more limited. Under conditions of a 90% shade level, 11 days of exposure left both whole and cut plants still alive, but incapable of any further significant increase in length or biomass. Generally, in high light levels cut plants grew more intensively, while in conditions of the most intensive (90%) shade, no differences in growth of these groups of plants were noted or the growth of cut plants was limited to a greater extent. A greater number of new lateral shoots were noted in cut plants than in whole plants. Even in conditions of low light characterized by the poor growth of plant fragments the production of new shoots was still possible. In general, fragments of Elodea canadensis were found to be very efficient at surviving and regenerating under a wide range of light conditions.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Elodea canadensis; plant fragment; plant growth; freshwater environment; fragmentation; light condition; growth; laboratory experiment; plant

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Ecology
• Rocznik: 2005
• Tom: 53
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.155-164,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Mielecki M

• Warsaw University, Banacha 2, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Pieczynska E.

Bibliografia

• Abernethy V. J., Sabbatini M. R., Murphy K. J. 1996 – Response of Elodea canadensis Michx. and Myriophyllum spicatum L. to shade, cutting and competition in experimental culture – Hydrobiologia, 340: 219–224.
• Barrat-Segretain M. H., Bornette G. 2000 – Regeneration and colonization abilities of aquatic plant fragments: effect of disturbance and seasonality – Hydrobiologia, 421: 31–39.
• Barrat-Segretain M. H., Bornette G., Hering-Vilas-Boas A. 1998 – Comparative abilities of vegetative regeneration among aquatic plants growing in disturbed habitats – Aquat. Bot. 60: 201–211.
• Barrat-Segretain M. H., Henry C. P., Bornette G. 1999 – Regeneration and colonization of aquatic plant fragments in relation to the disturbance frequency of their habitats – Arch. Hydrobiol. 145: 111–127.
• Bolser R. C., Hay M. E. 1998 – A field test of inducible resistance to specialist and generalist herbivores using the water lily Nuphar luteum – Oecologia, 116: 143–153.
• Cronin G., Wissing K. D., Lodge D. M. 1998 – Comparative feeding selectivity of herbivorous insects on water lilies: aquatic vs. semi-terrestrial insects and submersed vs. floating leaves – Freshw. Biol. 39: 243–257.
• Gross E. M., Feldbaum C., Choi C. 2002 – High abundance of herbivorous Lepidoptera Larvae (Acentria ephemerella Denis and Schiffermüller) on submersed macrophytes in Lake Constance (Germany) – Arch. Hydrobiol. 155: 1–21.
• Gross E. M., Johnson R. L., Hairston Jr. N. G. 2001 – Experimental evidence for changes in submersed macrophyte species composition caused by the herbivore Acentria ephemerella (Lepidoptera) – Oecologia, 127: 105–114.
• Hutchinson G. E. 1975 – A treatise on limnology Volume III. Limnological botany – John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York, 660 pp.
• Jacobsen D., Sand-Jensen K. 1992 – Herbivory of invertebrates on submerged macrophytes from Danish freshwaters – Freshw. Biol. 28: 301–308.
• Johnson R. L., Gross E. M., Hairston Jr. N. G. 1998 – Decline of the invasive submersed macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum (Haloragaceae) associated with herbivory by larvae of Acentria ephemerella (Lepidoptera) – Aquatic Ecology, 31: 273–282.
• Kouki J. 1991 – The effect of water-lily beetle, Galerucella nymphaeae, on leaf production and leaf longevity of the yellow water-lily, Nuphar lutea – Freshw. Biol. 26: 347–353.
• Lodge D. M. 1991 – Herbivory on freshwater macrophytes - Aquat. Bot. 41: 195- 224.
• Lodge D. M., Lorman J. G. 1987 – Reduction in submersed macrophyte biomass and species richness by the crayfish Oreonectes rusticus – Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44: 591–597.
• Newman R. M. 1991 – Herbivory and detrivory on freshwater macrophytes by invertebrates: a review – J.N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 10: 89–114.
• Newman R. M., Holmberg K. L., Biesboer D. D., Penner B. G. 1996 – Effects of a potential biocontrol agent, Eurychiopsis lecontei, on Eurasian watermilfoil in experimental tanks. Aquat Bot. 53: 131–150.
• Nichols S. 1991 – The interaction between biology and management of aquatic macrophytes – Aquat. Bot. 41: 225–252.
• Nichols S. A., Shaw B. H. 1986 – Ecological life histories of three aquatic nuisance plants: Myriophyllum spicatum, Potamogeton crispus and Elodea canadensis – Hydrobiologia, 131: 3–21.
• Pieczyńska E. 1972 – Ecology of the eulittoral zone of lakes – Ekol. Pol. 20: 637–732.
• Pieczyńska E. 2002 – Oddziaływanie roślinożernych bezkręgowców na makrofity zanurzone [The influences of herbivorous invertebrates on submerged macrophytes] – Wiad. Ekol. 48: 71–98. (in Polish).
• Pieczyńska E. 2003 – Effect of damage by the snail Lymnaea (Lymnaea) stagnalis (L.) on the growth of Elodea canadensis Michx. – Aquat. Bot. 75: 137–145.
• Prejs A. 1984 – Herbivory by temperate freshwater fishes and its consequences – Env. Biol. Fish. 10: 281–296.
• Sculthorpe C. D. 1967 – The biology of aquatic vascular plants – Edward Arnold. London. 610 pp.
• Sheldon S. P. 1987 – The effects of herbivorous snails on submerged macrophyte communities in Minnesota lakes – Ecology, 68: 1920–1931.
• Soszka G. J. 1975 – Ecological relations between invertebrates and submerged macrophytes in the lake littoral – Ekol. Pol. 23: 393–415.
• Urban E. 1975 – The mining fauna in four macrophyte species in Mikołajskie Lake – Ekol. Pol. 23: 417–435.
• Wallace J. B., O’Hop J. 1985 – Life on a fast pad: waterlily leaf beetle impact on water lilies – Ecology, 66: 1534–1544.