Long-term monitoring of Antarctic pinnipeds in Admiralty Bay [South Shetlands, Antarctica]

• Autorzy: Salwicka K. , Rakusa-Suszczewski S.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Year-round monitoring of five Antarctic pinnipeds was conducted in Admiralty Bay from 1988 up to 2000. Two breeding species: southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina (Linnaeus, 1758) and Weddell seals Leptonychotes weddellii (Lesson, 1826), were present throughout the year. Three other species: crabeater seals Lobodon carcinophagus (Hobron and Jacquinot, 1842), leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx (Blainville, 1820), and Antarctic fur seals Arctocephalus gazella (Peters, 1875) visited the area only for short periods. During this study, the abundance of elephant seals was stable, whereas those of Weddell and crabeater seals declined. Leopard seals numbers fluctuated irregularly. We detected a possible immigration from South Georgia: of a stable magnitude for elephant seals, and of variable magnitude, depending on food accessibility, for Antarctic fur seals. We found a strong recurrence of the spatial distributions of elephant, Weddell, and Antarctic fur seals in the 13 oases on the shore of Admiralty Bay. Annual distribution patterns were characteristic for each species. The innermost beaches were used predominantly by the animals during their annual fasts: the breeding and the moulting seasons.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Admiralty Bay; Antarctic; population dynamics; monitoring; pinniped

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Theriologica
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: 47
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.443-457,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Salwicka K.

• Polish Academy of Sciences, Ustrzycka 10, 02-141 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Rakusa-Suszczewski S.

Bibliografia

• Ackley S., Bentley C., Foldvik A., Clarke A., King J., Priddle J. and Goodwin I. 1996. A summary of global change in the Antarctic. Antarctic Global Change Research. Newsletter of the SCAR Global Change Programme 2: 3-15.
• Aquayo A. L. 1970. Census of pinnipedia in the South Shetland Islands. [In: Antarctic ecology. Vol. 1. M. W. Holdgate, ed]. Academic Press, London: 395-397.
• Battke Z. 1990. Admiralty Bay King George Island. 1: 50000. Printed by E. Romer State Cartographic Publishing House in Warsaw.
• Bengtson J. L., Ferm L. M., Härkönen T. J. and Stewart B. S. 1990. Abundance of Antarctic fur seals in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, during the 1986/87 austral summer. [In: Antarctic ecosystems, ecological change and conservation. K. R. Kerry and G. Hempel, eds]. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg: 265-270.
• Bester M. N. and Wilkinson I. S. 1994. Population ecology of southern elephant seals at Marion Island. [In: Elephant seals, population ecology, behaviour and physiology. B. J. Le Boeuf and R. M. Laws, eds]. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: 85-97.
• Bornemann H., Kreyscher M., Ramdohr S., Martin T., Carlini A., Selmann L. and Plötz J. 2000. Southern elephant seal movements and Antarctic sea ice. Antarctic Science 12: 3-15.
• Boyd I. L. 1993. Pup production and distribution of breeding Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) at South Georgia. Antarctic Science 5: 17-24.
• Boyd I. L., Walker T. R. and Poncet J. 1996. Status of Southern elephant seal at South Georgia. Antarctic Science 3: 237-244.
• Brierley A. S, Demer D. A., Watkins J. L. and Hewitt R. P. 1999. Concordance of interannual fluctuations in acoustically estimated densities of krill around South Georgia and Elephant Island: biological evidence of same-year teleconnections across Scotia Sea. Marine Biology 134: 675-681.
• Ciaputa P. 1996. Numbers of pinnipeds during 1994 in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands. Polish Polar Research 17: 239-244.
• Croxall J. P., McCann T. S, Prince P. A. and Rothery P. 1988. Reproductive performance of seabirds and seals at South Georgia and Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, 1976-1987: implications for Southern Ocean monitoring studies. [In: Antarctic Ocean and resource variability. D. Sahrhage, ed]. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg: 261-285.
• Green K. 1977. Ecosystem modelling for the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Journal 4: 34-35.
• Kaufman G., Siniff D. B. and Reichle R. 1975. Colony behaviour of Weddell seals Leptonychotes weddellii, at Hutton Cliffs, Antarctica. [In: Symposium on the biology of the seal. K. Ronald and A. W. Mansfield, eds]. Council for the International Exploration of the sea, Charlottenlund Slot 169: 228-246.
• Kruszewski G. 1999. [Ice conditions of Admiralty Bay in the years 1977-1996]. Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej 9: 173-191. [In Polish]
• Krylov V. I. and Medvedev L. P. 1972. A study on fin-footed aboard the vessels "Professor Viese" and "Ob." 1967/68. Information Bulletin SAE 83: 87-93.
• Laws R. M. 1977. The significance of vertebrates in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. [In: Adaptations within Antarctic ecosystems. G. A. Llano, ed]. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.: 411-438.
• Laws R. M. 1984. Seals. [In: Antarctic ecology. Vol. 2. R. M. Laws, ed]. Academic Press, London: 621-715.
• Lesiński G. 1993. Monitoring of birds and pinnipedians on King George Island (South Shetland Islands) in 1989/1990. Polish Polar Research 14: 75-89.
• Loeb V., Siegel V., Holm-Hansen O., Hewitt R., Fraser W., Trivelpiece W. and Trivelpiece S. 1997. Effects of sea-ice extent and krill or salp dominance on the Antarctic food web. Nature 387: 897-900.
• Marsz A. and Rakusa-Suszczewski S. 1987. [Ecological description of the Admiralty Bay area (King George Island, South Shetland Islands) I. Climate and ice-free areas]. Kosmos 36: 103-127. [In Polish]
• McConnell B. J., Chambers C. and Fedak M. A. 1992. Foraging ecology of southern elephant seal in relation to the oceanography of the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Science 4: 393-398.
• Müller-Schwarze D., Walltz E. C., Trivelpiece W. and Volkman N. J. 1978. Breeding status of southern elephant seals at King George Island. Antarctic Journal of US 13: 157-158.
• Myrcha A. and Teliga K. 1980. Observations of the pinnipedian mammals in the vicinity of Arctowski Station, King George Island. Polish Polar Research 1: 117-126.
• Ponganis P., Ponganis E., Ponganis K., Kooyman G., Gentry R. and Trillmich F. 1990. Swimming velocities in Otariids. Canadian Journal of Zoology 68: 2105-2112.
• Rakusa-Suszczewski S. and Sierakowski K. 1993. Pinnipeds in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands 1988-1992. Polish Polar Research 14: 441-454.
• Rodriguez R., Llasat C. M. and Rakusa-Suszczewski S. 1996. Analysis of the mean and extreme temperature series of the Arctowski Antarctic Base. Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej 6: 191-212.
• Salwicka K. 2000. Identification of kinship of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina, Linnaeus 1758) in the Admiralty Bay (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). [In: Proceedings of the 27th International Polar Symposium, Toruń, 1-3 December 2000. M. Grześ, K. R. Lankauf and I. Sbota, eds]. Polish Polar Studies, Toruń: 117-120.
• Salwicka K. and Sierakowski K. 1998. Seasonal numbers of five species of seals in Admiralty Bay, (South Shetland Islands, Antarctica). Polish Polar Research 19: 235-247.
• Sierakowski K. 1991. Birds and mammals in the region of SSSI No. 8 in the season 1988/89 (South Shetland Islands, King George, Admiralty Bay). Polish Polar Research 12: 25-54.Siniff D. B. 1991. An overview of the ecology of Antarctic seals. American Zoologist 31: 143-150.
• Siniff D. B., Cline D. R. and Erickson A. W. 1970. Population densities of seals in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica in 1968. [In: Antarctic ecology. Vol. 2. W. M. Holdgate, ed]. Academic Press, London: 377-394.
• Siniff D. B. and Stone S. 1985. The role of the leopard seal in the tropho-dynamics of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. [In: Antarctic nutrient cycles and food webs. W. R. Siegfried, P. R. Condy and R. M. Laws, eds]. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg: 555-560.
• Slip D. J. and Burton H. R. 1999. Population status and seasonal haul out patterns of the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) at Heard Island. Antarctic Science 11: 38-47.
• StatSoft 1999. [Statistica - Users manual]. StatSoft Polska, Krakow. [In Polish]
• Testa J. W., Oehlert G., Ainley D. G., Bengtson J. L., Siniff D. B., Laws R. M. and Rousenvell D. 1991. Temporal variability in Antarctic marine ecosystems, periodic fluctuations in the phocid seals. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 48: 631-639.
• Vergani D. F. and Coria N. R. 1989. Increase in numbers of male fur seals Arctocephalus gazella during the summer autumn period at Mossman Peninsula (Laurie Island). Polar Biology 9: 487-488.
• Vergani D. F. and Stanganelli Z. B. 1990. Fluctuations in breeding populations of elephant seals Mirounga leonina at Stranger Point, King George Island 1980-1988. [In: Antarctic ecosystem, ecological change and conservation. K. R. Kerry and G. Hempel, eds]. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg: 241-245.
• Whitehouse M. J. and Veit R. R. 1994. Distribution and abundance of seabirds and fur seals near the Antarctic Peninsula during the austral winter, 1986. Polar Biology 14: 325-330.
• Wilkinson I. S. and Bester M. N. 1990. Continued population increase in fur seals, Arctocephalus tropicalis and A. gazella, at the Prince Edward Islands. South African Journal of Antarctic Research 20: 58-63.