Ecophysiological aspects of nectar reabsorption

• Autorzy: Stpiczynska M , Nepi M

Warianty tytułu

PL

Ekofizjologiczne aspekty reabsorpcji nektaru

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A number of approaches, both direct and indirect, have shown that nectar is reabsorbed by numerous plant species, irrespective of the age or sex of the flower. Furthermore, reabsorption occurs regardless of whether or not the flower has been pollinated. Reabsorption helps to maintain concentration of nectar and their viscosity and thereby encourages continued visits by pollinators. Conversely, the capacity to vary concentration of nectar sugars may confer evolutionary advantage by encouraging visits by more than one kind of pollinator and this is particularly important in regions where there is a paucity of pollinators. A further important role of nectar reabsorption is the maintenance of the energy equilibrium of the plant. A number of studies have shown that nectar production involves considerable energy expenditure requiring as much as 37% of the plant's daily production of energy by photosynthesis. The increased metabolic costs incurred by the plant during nectar production and secretion can reduce its growth and reproduction during the following season. Reabsorption of nectar that has not been collected by pollinators enables the plant to conserve at least some of the energy reserved for the secretion of nectar. Sugars reabsorbed from nectar can be re-used for the development of fruit and ovules - processes which demand large quantities of sugar. Despite convincing evidence for the reabsorption of nectar, few detailed studies have addressed the transport and incorporation of reabsorbed sugars. One of the questions that remain to be answered is 'What is the cellular basis for nectar reabsorption by the nectary?'.

PL

Nektar jest resorbowany w kwiatach roślin z różnych rodzin botanicznych, między innymi Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Combretaceae czy Orchida- ceae. Reabsorbcja nektaru spełnia kilka niezwykle ważnych funkcji i występuje niezależnie od stadium kwitnienia, płci kwiatu czy zapylenia. W kwiatach typu otwartego, reabsorpcja cukrów umożliwia regulację koncentracji, która wzrasta na skutek parowania wody z nektaru. Z kolei w kwiatach innych roślin możliwość zmiany koncentracji nektaru stanowi pewną adaptację do zapylania przez szersze spektrum gatunków, co jest niezwykle ważne w sytuacjach deficytu zapylaczy w środowisku. Inne funkcje resorpcji nektaru dotyczą energetycznego bilansu roślin. Wyniki niektórych badań wykazują, że produkcja nektaru wymaga dużego nakładu energii metabolicznej i może pochłaniać dziennie do 37% energii uzyskanej z fotosyntezy. Dlatego też niektóre rośliny odzyskują przynajmniej część energii wydatkowanej na produkcję i sekrecję nektaru poprzez reabsorpcję cukrów, jeśli nektar nie jest pobrany podczas zapylenia. Cukry te rośliny wykorzystują głównie jako materiały zapasowe w rozwijających się owocach i nasionach, które są silnymi akceptorami asymilatów. Mechanizm reabsorpcji nektaru na poziomie komórkowym wymaga dalszych szczegółowych badań.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

nectar; nectary; plant-pollination interaction; reabsorption; secretion; pollination; plant species

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Agrobotanica
• Rocznik: 2006
• Tom: 59
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.61-69,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Stpiczynska M

• Agricultural University of Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

autor

Nepi M

• Agricultural University of Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

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