Production of cell wall degrading enzymes and toxins by Colletotrichum capsici and Alternaria alternata causing fruit rot of chillies

• Autorzy: Anand T , Bhaskaran R. , Raguchander T. , Karthikeyan G. , Rajesh M. , Senthilraja G.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wytwarzanie enzymow degradujacych sciany komorkowe oraz toksyn przez Colletotrichum capsici i Alternaria alternata, czynniki sprawcze zgnilizny owocow chili

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The virulent isolates of Colletotrichum capsici and Alternaria alternata produced more cellulolytic enzymes viz., C1 and Cxin vitro than the avirulent ones and the activity of these enzymes increased with the increase in age of culture. The virulent isolates of C. capsici and A. alternata produced more pectinolytic enzymes (macerating enzymes, pectin methyl esterase and endo polygalacturonase) than the avirulent ones. All the pectinolytic enzymes were highly active in 10-day-old culture and the activities decreased with the increase of culture age. Whereas the activity of enzymes produced by avirulent isolate of pathogens did not decrease and these enzyme activities increased with the increase in the age of culture. These pathogens also produced nonspecific toxic metabolites in culture filtrate which reduced seed germination, root length, shoot length and vigour index of the seedlings of chilli, rice, mungbean, maize, cotton, groundnut, okra, egg plant, cucumber and tomato. The toxins of the pathogens reduced seed germination and caused mortality of chilli seedlings in pot culture. The toxins also produced phytotoxic symptoms in the treated ripe and green chilli fruits and leaves.

PL

Wirulentne izolaty Colletotrichum capsici i Alternaria alternata wytwarzały więcej enzymów celulolitycznych C1 i Cx niż awirulentne izolaty in vitro, a aktywność tych enzymów wzrastała z wiekiem kultury. Wirulentne izolaty wytwarzały więcej enzymów pektolitycznych (enzymy powodujące macerację, metylestraza pektynowa i poligalakturonaza), niż izolaty awirulentne. Wszystkie enzymy wytwarzane przez izolaty wirulentne były wysoce aktywne w 10-dniowej kulturze i ich aktywność spadała wraz z wiekiem kultury. Jednocześnie aktywność enzymów wytwarzanych przez izolaty wirulentne nie zmniejszała się, a wzrastała wraz z wiekiem kultury. Powyższe patogeny wytwarzały także niespecyficzne toksyczne metabolity obecne w filtratach kultur, które redukowały kiełkowanie nasion, długość korzenia, długość pędu i wskaźnik wigoru chili, ryżu, fasoli tycznej, kukurydzy, bawełny, orzecha ziemnego, oberżyny, ogórka, pomidora i Hibiscus aesculentus. Toksyny badanych patogenów powodowały również zamieranie siewek w wazonach oraz powstawanie objawów fitotoksyczności na zielonych i dojrzałych owocach i liściach chili.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

plant protection; enzyme production; toxin; Colletotrichum capsici; Alternaria alternata; fruit rot; chilli; Capsicum annuum; cellulolytic enzyme; pectinolytic enzyme; vigor index; cell wall-degrading enzyme

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Plant Protection Research
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: 48
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.437-451,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Anand T

• Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India

autor

Bhaskaran R.

autor

Raguchander T.

autor

Karthikeyan G.

autor

Rajesh M.

autor

Senthilraja G.

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