Advances in spring but variable autumnal trends in timing of inland wader migration

• Autorzy: Adamik P , Pietruszkova J.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zmiany w terminach wedrowki jesiennej i wiosennej u siewkowcow na srodladziu

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Advancement of spring migration in response to recent global climate change is well documented for a variety of bird species, but the pattern for autumn migration is rather equivocal. During a 42-year period (1964-2005) the changes in timing of spring and autumn migration of eight wader species were studied at multiple inland sites in Central Europe (Czech Republic and Slovakia) using ringing data. While a clear pattern was found for the advancement of the spring passage, there were variable trends in the timing of the autumn passage. Three species significantly advanced (Wood Sandpiper, Common Sandpiper and Dunlin), three species delayed (Ruff, Snipe and Little Ringed Plover), and two species did not change the timing of the autumn passage (Little Stint and Green Sandpiper). Earlier studies had predicted that long-distance migrants wintering south of the Sahara would advance the timing of autumn migration, while short-distance migrants would postpone it. However, our findings do not fully conform to these predictions. Across species, the timing of both the spring and autumn passages was negatively associated with the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, suggesting that even in long-distance migrants the timing of migration might be under direct environmental control. In conclusion, phenological responses of birds to recent changes in climate are quite coherent for the early phenological phases; however, the responses to later phases are not so straightforward, and the present study contributes to this diverse pattern.

PL

Przyspieszenie terminów wiosennych wędrówek u ptaków w związku z globalnymi zmianami klimatycznymi jest dobrze udokumentowane dla wielu gatunków, natomiast taka sama prawidłowość w odniesieniu do migracji jesiennych jest raczej dyskusyjna. Podczas 42 lat badań (1964-2005) prowadzonych na obszarze dawnej Czechosłowacji obserwowano zmiany w terminach wędrówek wiosennych i jesiennych 8 gatunków siewkowców w oparciu o archiwalne dane z obrączkowań. Dla każdego roku i każdego gatunku określano początek, medianę i koniec okresu wędrówkowego. Ponieważ jednak u siewkowców terminy wędrówek dorosłych ptaków i osobników młodocianych mogą być różne, osobno potraktowane te grupy wiekowe (dorosłe i ptaki w 1 roku kalendarzowym). By uchwycić różnice w czasie wędrówki, użyto regresji kwadratowej oraz regresji QR. Ponieważ jednak w tym drugim przypadku liczba schwytanych ptaków może znacząco wpływać na uzyskany obraz, wyniki przedstawiono w Appendix I i II. Kolejnym krokiem było sprawdzenie, czy czas wędrówki jest związany ze wskaźnikiem Oscylacji Północnego Atlantyku (NAO index). W pracy wykorzystano średnie zimowe wartości NAO dla grudnia-marca. Dla łęczaka, piskliwca, bataliona i sieweczki rzecznej zebrano wystarczającą liczbę danych by oszacować kierunki zmian terminów wędrówki wiosennej. U wszystkich stwierdzono przyspieszenie (Tab. 1), przy czym najwyraźniej zmiany zaznaczone były u łęczaka (Fig. 1). W przypadku migracji jesiennej zgromadzone dane nie dały jednoznacznego obrazu kierunku zmian. U łęczaka, piskliwca i biegusa zmiennego zaobserwowano wyraźne przyspieszenie terminów wędrówki, natomiast u bataliona, kszyka i sieweczki rzecznej wędrówka jesienna wyraźnie opóźniła się w badanym okresie. Dwa gatunki — biegus malutki i samotnik nie wykazały żadnych istotnych zmian (Tab. 2 i 3). Osobne analizy dla młodych i dorosłych osobników nie wpłynęły na uzyskane wyniki. Wartości NAO były w większości negatywnie skorelowane ze wszystkimi fazami wędrówki zarówno jesiennej jak i wiosennej.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

spring migration; phenology; ornithology; bird ringing; wader migration; autumn migration; Philomachus pugnax; bird; autumn passage; Gallinago gallinago; Calidris; Actitis hypoleucos; spring passage; climate change; passage; Tringa; limnic habitat

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Ornithologica
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: 43
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.119-128,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Adamik P

• Museum of Natural History, nam.Republiky 5, 771 73 Olomouc, Czech Republic

autor

Pietruszkova J.

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