Chemical composition, fungal microflora and mycotoxin content in maize silages infected by smut [Ustilago maydis] and the effect of biological and chemical additives on silage aerobic stability

• Autorzy: Potkanski A. , Grajewski J. , Twaruzek M. , Selwet M. , Miklaszewska B. , Blajet-Kosicka A. , Szumacher-Strabel M. , Cieslak A. , Raczkowska-Werwinska K.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Maize attacked by the facultative biotrophic smut pathogen, Ustilago maydis (Basidomycetes) was ensiled in microsilos in two combinations of infected and non-infected plants, with or without biological (Polmasil) or chemical (Kemisile 2000) additives. The silage was subjected to chemical and microbiological analyses. The aerobic stability of the silage was tested. Ustilago maydis constituted up to 6.22% of the total yeast content (CFU g-1) in the infected and 0.22% in the noninfected material. Silage made from infected plants had a higher content of fungi (6.45 vs 4.54), moulds (6.20 vs 4.54), and yeast (6.08 vs 3.71) expressed as log10 CFU g-1 as compared with noninfected plants. The use of the chemical additive decreased these effects. The contents of ochratoxin, zearalenone, and deoxynivalenol were low and did not change during the ensiling. The cytotoxicity test did reveal toxicity of silage from infected plants, however. It seems that the observed toxicity is the effect of toxins other than those assayed.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

maize silage; chemical composition; fungal microflora; mycotoxin content; maize smut; smut; Ustilago maydis; biological additive; chemical additive; silage aerobic stability; aerobic stability

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 19
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.130-142,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Potkanski A.

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland

autor

Grajewski J.

autor

Twaruzek M.

autor

Selwet M.

autor

Miklaszewska B.

autor

Blajet-Kosicka A.

autor

Szumacher-Strabel M.

autor

Cieslak A.

autor

Raczkowska-Werwinska K.

Bibliografia

• AOAC, 1996. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis. 16 th Edition. Washington, DC
• Bauer J., 2004. Pilzstoffwechsel Produkte in Silage: Einfluss auf die Gesundheit von Wiederkäuern. In: Mycotoxins and Pathogenic Mould in the Environment. VIIth International Conference, Bydgoszcz (Poland), p. 22 (Abstr.)
• Du Toit J., Potaky J.K., 1999. Effect of silk maturity and pollination on infection of maize ears by Ustilago maydis. Plant Dis. 83, 621-626
• Fassatiova O., 1983. Microscopic Fungi in Technical Microbiology (in Polish). PWN, Warszawa Grajewski J., Potkański A., Raczkowska-Werwińska K., Twarużek M., Miklaszewska B., Grabowska M., Gubała A., Selwet M., 2007. Hygienic quality of corn silage with a biological and chemical additive. Med. wet. 63, 205-208
• Hanelt M., Garies M., Kollarczik B., 1994. Cytotoxicity of mycotoxins evaluated by the MTT cell culture assay. Mycopathologia 128, 167-174
• Honig H., 1986. Evaluation of aerobic stability. In: Proceedings of the Eurobac Conference. Uppsala (Sweden). Grass Forage Rep. 3, 76-82
• Kwaśna H., Chełkowski J., Zajkowski P., 1991. Fungi, Vol. XXII (in Polish). Warszawa-Kraków Mc Donald P., Henderson A.R., 1964. Determination of water-soluble carbohydrates in grass. J. Sci. Food Agr. 15, 395-398
• O’Kiely P., 1998. Characteristics of silage making in Ireland. Farm and Food Research, Teagasc. Dublin (Ireland) 8 (2), 6-11
• Pitt J.I., Hocking A.D., 1999. Fungi and Food Spoilage. Aspen Publication Aspen Publishers, Inc. Gaithersburg, MA (USA)
• Pitt J.I., 2000. A Laboratory Guide to Common Penicillium Species. Food Science. Australia Joint Venture of CSIRO and AFISC. North Ryde, p. 197
• Richter W.J.F., 2002. Vorkommen und Abbau von Deoxynivalenol (DON) in Silage. In: VIth International Conference: Mycotoxins in the Environment of People and Animals. Bydgoszcz (Poland), pp. 171-177
• Samson R.A., Frisvad J.C., 2004. Penicillium subgenus Penicillium: New Taxonomic Schemes, Mycotoxins and Other Extrolites. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht (The Netherlands)
• Samson R.A., Hoekstra E.S., 2000. Introduction to Food and Airborne Fungi. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht (The Netherlands)
• Selwet M., Raczkowska-Werwinska K., Potkański A., Grajewski J., Twarużek M., Miklaszewska B., Łukomska W., Gubała A., 2008. Chemical composition and microflora of silage from maize ensilage with bacterial and chemical additives. Med. wet. 64, 477-479
• Szumacher-Strabel M., Potkański A., Kowalczyk J., Cieślak A., Czauderna M., Gubała A., Jędroszkowiak P., 2002. The influence of supplemental fat on rumen volatile fatty acid profile, ammonia and pH levels in sheep fed a standard diet. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 11, 577-587
• Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., Lewis B.A., 1991. Methods of dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583-3593