Evaluation on serum glucose, BHB, urea and cortisol concentrations in pregnant ewes

• Autorzy: Ramin A -G , Siamak A.-R. , Macali S.-A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A study was conducted to determine the distribution of subclinical pregnancy toxemia by the evaluation of serum glucose, BHB, urea, and cortisol concentrations in pregnant ewes. Eight hundred and nine blood samples were collected from 497 pregnant, 242 lambed, and 70 aborted ewes. The concentrations of BHB, glucose and urea were assessed by spectrophotometer and cortisol by ELISA. Mean urea and BHB concentrations in pregnant ewes were greater and glucose was lower than in lambed and aborted ewes. Cortisol concentrations in pregnant ewes were higher than lambed but lower than aborted ewes. Except for BHB, the mean comparison of parameters showed a significant difference (P < 0.01) in that the concentrations were similar in all groups. A negative correlation (P < 0.05) in urea concentration was observed between pregnant and lambed ewes. There were correlations (P < 0.01) between BHB and glucose in pregnant ewes, BHB and cortisol in lambed ewes and BHB and urea in aborted ewes. Regarding the references, the concentration of BHB > 0.7 mmol/l is considered as subclinical pregnancy toxemia; the distribution and percent of ewes in pregnant, lambed and aborted groups were 61 (12.3%), 17 (7%) and 6 (8.57%), respectively. Similarly, for glucose < 20 mg/dl were 76 (15.3%), 38 (15.7%), 10 (14.3%) and for cortisol > 52 ng/ml were 28 (8.54%), 1 (0.6), 5 (10.2%), respectively. Significant differences were found for the BHB and cortisol groups. The highest subclinical pregnancy toxemia occurred among pregnant and aborted ewes. Mean comparison of parameters in the group with BHB > 0.7 mmol/l showed a significant difference (P < 0.01) for urea and cortisol concentrations and in the group of glucose < 20 mg/dl and cortisol > 52 ng/ml showed differences only for the BHB concentration. Thus it is concluded that hypoglycemia, uremia and high cortisol concentration in late pregnancy could be considered as subclinical pregnancy toxemia up to 12% that should be seriously considered in order to support prevention or enact treatment.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ewe; pregnancy; pregnant ewe; blood glucose; glucose; urea; cortisol concentration; blood parameter; beta-hydroxybutyrate; BHB zob.beta-hydroxybutyrate; toxemia; pregnancy toxemia; prevention; treatment

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Medycyna Weterynaryjna
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: 63
• Numer: 06
• Opis fizyczny: p.674-677,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Ramin A -G

• Urmia University, P.O.Box 1177, Urmia, Iran

autor

Siamak A.-R.

autor

Macali S.-A.

Bibliografia

• 1.Bickhardt K., Grocholl G., Koning G.: Glucose metabolism in sheep in different reproductive stage and with ketosis using the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1989, 36(7), 514-529.
• 2.Firat A., Ozpinar A.: The study of changes in some blood parameters (glucose, urea, bilirubin, AST) during and after pregnancy in association with Nutritional conditions and litter size in ewes. Turk Veterinerlik ve Hayvancilik Dergisi 1996, 20(5), 387-393.
• 3.Firat A., Ozpinar A.: Metabolic profile of pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and early lactation in multiple lambing Sakiz ewes. 1. Changes in plasma glucose, 3-hydroxybutyrate and cortisol levels. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 2002, 46(2), 57-61.
• 4.Ford E. J., Evans J., Robinos N. I.: Cortisol in pregnancy toxemia of sheep. Br. Vet. J. 1990, 146(6), 539-542.
• 5.Goal T., Mezes M., Miskucka O., Ribiczey S. P.: Effect of fasting on blood lipid per-oxidation parameters of sheep. Res. Vet. Sci. 1993, 55(1), 104-107.
• 6.Hamadeh M. E., Bostedt H., Failing K.: Concentration of metabolic parameters in the blood of heavily pregnant and nonpregnant ewes. Berliner and Munchener Trierarztliche wochenschrift 1996, 109(3), 81-86.
• 7.Henze P., Bickhardt K., Fuhrmann H., Sallmann H. P.: Spontaneous Pregnancy toxemia (ketosis) in sheep and the role of insulin. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1998, 45(5), 255-266.
• 8.Houdeau E., Raynal P., Marnet P. G.: Plasma levels of cortisol and oxytocin, and uterine activity after cervical artificial insemination in the ewe. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 2002, 42(2), 381-392.
• 9.Igbokwe I. O.: Haemoconcentration in Yankasa sheep exposed to prolonged water deprivation. Small Ruminant Res. 1993, 12(1), 99-105.
• 10.Lacetera N., Bernabucci U., Ronchi B., Nardone A.: Effects of subclinacal pregnancy toxemia on immune response in sheep. Am. J. Vt. Res., Sep. 2001, 62(9), 1446-1449.
• 11.Lacetera N., Franci O., Scalia D., Bernabucci U., Ronchi B., Nardone A.: Effects of nonesterified fatty acids and BHB on functions of mononuclear cells obtained from ewes. Am. J. Vet. Res. 2002, 63(3), 414-418.
• 12.Lemosquet S., Rideau N., Rulquin H., Farerdin P., Simon J., Verito R.: Effect of a duodenal glucose infusion on the relationship between plasma concentration of glucose and insulin in dairy cow. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 2854-2865.
• 13.Marteniuk J. V., Herdt T. H.: Pregnancy toxemia and ketosis of ewes and does. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 1988, 4(2), 307-315.
• 14.Palmer M. V., Smith S. C.: Hepatic lipidosis in Pregnant Captive American bison (bison-bison). 2002, 14(6), 542-550.
• 15.Radostits O. M., Gay C. C., Blood D. C., Hinchcliff K. W.: Veterinary Medicine, 9th Edn, Harcourt Publishers Ltd, London 2000, 1417-1420.
• 16.Ramin A. G., Asri-rezaie S., Majdani R.: Correlations among serum glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea concentrations in non-pregnant ewes. Small Ruminant Res. 2005, 57, 265-269.
• 17.Robinson J. J.: Energy requirements of ewes during late pregnancy and early lactation. Vet. Rec. 1980, 106(13), 282-284.
• 18.Rook J. S.: Pregnancy toxemia of ewes, does, and beef cows. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Prac. 2000, 16(2), 293-317.
• 19.Schlumbohm C., Harmeyer J.: Hypocalcemia reduces endogenous glucose production in hyperketonemic sheep. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86 (6), 1953-1962.
• 20.Shetaewi M., Daghash H. A.: Effects of pregnancy and lactation on some biochemical components in the blood of Egyptian Coarse-woolewes. Anistitute Vet. Med. J. 1994, 30(59), 64-73.
• 21.Wastney M. E., Arcus A. C., Bickerstaffe R., Wolff J. F.: Glucose tolerance in ewes and susceptibility to pregnancy toxemia. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 1982, 35(4), 381-392.
• 22.West H. J.: Maternal under nutrition during late pregnancy in sheep. Its relationship to maternal condition, gestation length, hepatic physiology and glucose metabolism. Br. J. Nutr. 1996, 75(4), 593-605.
• 23.Zadnik T., Pengov A., Mijovic A., Lipuzic E., Pogacnik M.: Somatic cell count and ewe milk composition. PrviSlovenski Veterinarski Kongres 1993, pp. 18-20.