Restrukturyzacja rolnictwa w Europie Srodkowej i Wschodniej: implikacje dla konkurencyjnosci oraz dla rozwoju obszarow wiejskich

• Autorzy: Sarris A , Doucha T. , Mathijs E.
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

This paper considers whether the dual production structure now in place in central and eastern European countries (CEECs) is efficient and stable in the medium term. The large, recently emerged corporate and co-operative farm structures may not be stable because of conflicts inherent in co-operative production under current ownership structures. Such units use high levels of capital and purchased inputs, and relative price changes for production factors may threaten their survival without subsidies. The few large individual private operators that have emerged may soon face restructuring problems, as they have been relying on cheap capital at prices that do not reflect current replacement costs. New younger, relatively small-scale farmers appear to have major and as yet unexploited production potential. Although representing only a small share of the many family farms, they are nevertheless numerous enough to create a viable 'middle class' of commercially oriented, private farmers. Although this group currently faces severe technological and financial constraints, the emergence of medium-sized, individually owned and operated farm units is the most viable option for the future in CEECs.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

konkurencyjnosc; gospodarstwa rolne; Europa Srodkowa; Europa Wschodnia; obszary wiejskie; restrukturyzacja; rolnictwo

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Postępy Nauk Rolniczych
• Rocznik: 2000
• Tom: 47
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: s.61-90,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Sarris A

• Department of Economics, Universityof Athenes, 8 Pesmazoglou Street, Athenus, GR-10559, Greece

autor

Doucha T.

autor

Mathijs E.

Bibliografia

• [1] Alchian A.A., Demsetz H. 1972. Production, information costs and economic organization American Economic Review 62: 777-795.
• [2] Allen D.W., Lueck D. 1998. The nature of the farm. Journal of Law and Economics 41: 343-386.
• [3] Banse M., Bargel T., Gorton M.. Hartell J., Hughes G., Kockler J., Muench W. 1998. The evolution of competitiveness in Hungarian agriculture: from transition to accession. Paper presented at the seminar Competitiveness of Agricultural Enterprises, Farm Activities in Transition Countries, IAMO, Halle/Saale, Germany. 22-24 November 1998.
• [4] Beckmann V., Hagedorn K. 1997. Decollectivisation and privatisation policies and resulting structural changes of agriculture in Eastern Germany. W: J.F.M. Swinnen. A. Buckwell, E. Mathijs (eds), Agricultural Privalisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructiring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate, 105-160.
• [5] Bell C. 1989. Credit and intrrlinked transactions. W: H. Chenery and T.N. Srinivasan (eds), Handbook of Development Economics. Vol. I. Amsterdam: North Holland.
• [6] Choe C. 1996. Incentive to work versns disincentive to imvest: the case of China's rural reform, 1979-1984. Journal of Comparative Economics 22: 242-266.
• [7] Coase R.H. 1937. The nature of the firm. Economica 4: 386-405.
• [8] Csaki C. 1998. Agricultural research in transforming Central and Eastern Europe. European Review of Agricultural Economics 25(3): 289-306.
• [9] Csaki C., Lerman Z. 1997. Land reform and farm restructuring in East Central Europe and CIS in the 1990s: expectations and achievements in the first five years. European Review of Agricultural Economics 24: 428-452.
• [10] Debatisse M. 1999. Hungary: a Successful Agriculture und Food Economy in Constant Search for Higher Competitiveness. World Bank ECSSD Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development. Working Paper 9. Washington, DC: World Bank.
• [11] Deininger K. 1995. Collective agricultural production: a solution for transition economies? World Development 23 : 1317-1334.
• [12] Eswaran M., Kotwal A. 1986. Access to capital and agrarian production organisation. Economic Journal 86: 482-498.
• [13] European Commission 1998. Agricultural Situation and Prospects for Central and Eastern Europe. Bulgaria. Brussels: Enropean Commission, DG VI.
• [14] FAQ (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 1999. Policy Options for Slovenia Agriculture in an EU Accession Environment: Main Report. Ministiy of Agriculture, Food and Forestry, Slovenia: Rome, FAO.
• [15] Färe R., Grosskopf S., Lovell C.A.K. 1985. The Measurement of Efficiency in Production. Boston, MA: Kluwer-Nijhoff.
• [16] Gow H.R., Swinnen J.F.M. 1998. Up- and downstream restructuring, foreign direct investment, and hold-np problems in agricultural transition. European Review of Agricultural Economics 25: 331-350.
• [17] Hallam A. 1991. Economics of size and scale in agriculture: an interpretive review of empirical measurement. Review of Agricultural Economics 13: 155-171.
• [18] Hughes G. 1999. Total Productivity of Emergent Farm Structures in Central and Eastern Europe. Report of Task 2 of the FAIR-project on Agricultural Implications of CEEC Accession to the EU. Wye: University of London.
• [19] Johnson S.R., Bouzaher A., Carriquiry A., Jensen H., Lakshminarayan P.G. 1994. Production efficiency and agricultural reform in Ukraine. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 76: 629-635.
• [20] Jones D.C. 1997. The Determinants of Economic Performance in Transitional Economies. The Role of Ownership, Incentives and Restructuring. Helsinki: UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research.
• [21] Kabat L., Hagedorn K. 1997. Privatisation and decollectivisation policies and resulting structural changes of agriculture in Slovakia. W: J.F.M. Swinnen, A. Buckwell and E. Mathijs (eds), Agricultural Privatisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot, Ashgate: 229-280.
• [22] Kalirajan K.P. 1990. On measuring economic efficiency. Journal of Applied Econometrics 5: 75-85.
• [23] Konings J. 1997. Firm growth and ownership in transition countries. Economics Letters 55: 413-418.
• [24] Leibenstein H. 1966. Allocative efficiency and X-efficiency. American Economic Review 56: 392-415.
• [25] Lerman Z. 1998. Does land reform matter? Some experiences from the former Soviet Union. European Review of Agricultural Economics 25: 307-330.
• [26] Macours K., Swinnen J.F.M. 1997. Causesof Output Decline in Economic Transition: the Case of Central and Eastern European Agriculture. Policy Research Group Working Paper No. 11. Leuven: Department of Agricultural Economics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
• [27] Masten S., Meehan J., Snyder E. 1991. The costs of organization. Journal of Law, Economics and Organization 7: 1-26.
• [28] Mathijs E., Mészáros S. 1997. Privatisation and restructuring in Hungarian agriculture. W: J.F.M. Swinnen, A. Buckwell, E. Mathijs (eds), Agricultural Privatisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot, Ashgate: 161- 188.
• [29] Mathijs E., Swinnen J.F.M. 1997. Production Organization and Efficiency during Transition: the Case of East German Agriculture. Policy Research Group Working Paper No. 7. Leuven: Department of Agricultural Economics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
• [30] Mathijs E., Swinnen J.F.M. 1998. The economics of agricultural decollectivization in East Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union. Economic Development and Cultural Change 47(1): 1-26.
• [31] Mathijs E., Vranken L. 1999. Farm efficiency and restructuring: evidence from Hungarian crop farms. Leuven: Department of Agricultural and Enviromnental Econonucs, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
• [32] Mathijs E., Doucha T., Dries L., Swinnen J.F.M. 1998. Production efficiency and organization of Czech agriculture. Paper presented at the EAAE seminar on Nature, Evolution and Efficiency of Farm Structures in CEECs and FSU, Sofia, Bulgaria, 29-30 May 1998.
• [33] McMillan J., Whalley J., Lijing Z. 1989. The impact of China's economic reforms on agricultural productivity growth. Journal of Political Economy 97: 781-807.
• [34] Pingali P.L., Xnan V.T. 1992. Vietnam: decolleclivization and rice productivity growth. Economic Development and Cultural Change 40: 697-718.
• [35] Pollak R.A. 1985. A transaction cost approach to families and households. Journal of Economic Literature 23 : 581-608.
• [36] Ratinger T., Rabinowicz E. 1997. Changes in farming structures in the Czech Republic as a result of land reform and privatisation. W: J.F.M. Swinnen, A. Buckwell and E. Mathijs (eds), Agricultural Privatisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructiring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot Ashgate: 63-104.
• [37] Romania, Ministry of Agriculture and Food 1997. Private agriculture in Romania: farm survey. Ministry of Agriculture and Food, European Commission, World Bank, joint survey.
• [38] Rizov M., Gow H., Mathijs E., Swinnen J. 1999. The development of individual farming in Romania. Leuven: Department of Agricultural and Enviromnental Economics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.
• [39] Sarris A.H., Gavrilescu D. 1997. Restructiring of farms and agricultural systems in Romania. W: J.F.M. Swinnen, A. Buckwell and E. Mathijs (eds), Agricultural Privatisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate: 189-228.
• [40] Schmitt G. 1991. Why is the agricullnre of advanced western countries still organized by family farms? Will this continue to be so in the future? European Review of Agricultural Economics 18: 443-458.
• [41] Sotnikov S. 1998. Evaluating the effects of price and trade liberalisation on the technical efficiency of agricultural production ina transition economy: the case of Russia. European Review of Agricultural Economics 25: 412-431.
• [42] Swinnen J.F.M. (ed.) 1997a. Political Economy of Agrarian Reform in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate.
• [43] Swinnen J.F.M. 1997b. The choice of privatization and decollectivization policies in Central and Eastern European agriculture: observations and political economy hypotheses. W: J.F.M. Swinnen (ed.), Political Economy of Agrarian Reform in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot, Ashgate: 363-398.
• [44] Swinnen J.F.M. 1997c. Agricultural reform in Central and Eastern Europe. W: C. Eicher and J. Staatz (eds), Agricultural Development in the Third World, 3rd edn. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
• [45] Swinnen J.F.M., Matllijs E. 1997. Agricultural privatisation, land reform and farm restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe: a comparative analysis. W: J.F.M. Swinnen, A. Buckwell, E. Mathijs (eds), Agricultural Privatisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot, Ashgate: 333-373.
• [46] Swinnen J.F.M., Buckwell A., Matllijs E. (eds) 1997. Agricultural Privatisation, Land Reform and Farm Restructuring in Central and Eastern Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate.
• [47]Thiele H., Brodersen C.M. 1997. Anwendung der nicht-parametrischen Data Envelopment Analysis auf die Effizienz landwirtschaftlicher Unternehmen in der Transfonnation Ostdeutschlands. Agrarwirtshawft 46: 407-416.
• [48] Tritten C., Sarris A. 1998. Agrarian production organisation under transition to market economy in Bulgaria. Athens: Department of Economics, University of Athens.