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2007 | 16 | 1 |

Tytuł artykułu

A framework for graywater recycling of household wastewater

Autorzy

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
Water is a resource of increasing scarcity due to continual expansion of production. Many authors have focused on wastewater recycling for industry and municipal wastewater plants, but wastewater recycling at the community level still lacks a full discussion. This paper focuses on the issue involving only household wastewater recycling which is separated into graywater and blackwater by households. We propose a theoretical framework for analyzing the recycling of household graywater through a simple process that is installed in communities, as well as the re-use of reclaimed water for a variety of applications either in or outside the community. There are at present no statutory regulations to govern the re-use of reclaimed water. Hence, piping and ducting systems for blackwater and graywater in households are not distinguished and a public ducting system for graywater is still not available in the market. In order to shed light on the dynamics of the household wastewater recycling system, we develop an implementation plan involving governmental policy, a community’s construction of treatment plants, a household’s commitment to recycling, control and checking up, and the education system in order to arouse the public to participate in this system.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

16

Numer

1

Opis fizyczny

p.23-33,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor
  • Nan Hua University, 32 Chung Keng Li, Dalin, Chiayi 622, Taiwan

Bibliografia

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  • 3. BURTON, F.L., STENSEL, H.D., Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse. McGraw-Hill Ltd., USA, 2002.
  • 4. ABU-ZEID, K. M., Recent trends and developments: reuse of wastewater in agriculture. Environmental Management and Health 9(2), 79, 1998.
  • 5. KURBIEL, J., ZEIGIN, K., RYBICKI, S.M., Implementation of the Cracow municipal wastewater reclamation system for industrial water reuse. Desalination 106, 183, 1996.
  • 6. FRANZLUEBBERS, A.J., Water infiltration and soil structure related to organic matter and its stratification with depth. Soil & Tillage Research 66, 197, 2002.
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  • 8. GARLAND, J.L., LEVME, L.H., YORIO, N.C., HUMMENCK, M.E. Response of graywater recyclmg systems based on hydroponic plant growth to three classes of surfactants. Water Research 38, 1952, 2004.
  • 9. RABABAH, A.A., ASHBOLT, N.J., Innovative production treatment hydroponic farm for primary municipal sewage utilization. Water Research 34, 825, 2000.
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  • 14. HIEN, P.G., OANH, L.T.K., V.ET, N.T., LETTINGA, G., Closed wastewater system in the tapioca industry in Vietnam. Water Science and Technology 39, 89, 1999.
  • 15. ASANO, T., AND COTRUVO, J.A., Groundwater recharge with reclaimed municipal wastewater: health and regulatory considerations. Water Research 38, 1941, 2004.
  • 16. BROENS, L., LIEBRAND, N., FUTSELAAR, H., DE ARMAS TORRENT, J.C., Effluent reuse at Barranco Seco (Spain): a 1.000 m3/h case study. Desalination 167, 13, 2004.
  • 17. HARUVY, N., Wastewater reuse-regional and economic considerations, Resource, Conservation and Recycling 23, 57, 1998.
  • 18. TSUCHIHASHI R, SAKAJI RH, ASANO T. Health aspects of groundwater recharge with reclaimed water. In: Dillon PJ. editor. Management of Aquifer recharge for sustainability. Adelaide, Australia: A. A. Balkema Publishers; 2002.
  • 19. CROOK, J., AND SURAMPALLI, Water reclamation and reuse critieri in the U.S., Water Science and Technology 33(10-11), 451, 1996.
  • 20. ABOU-ELELA. S.I., EL-KAMAH, E.M., AND ALY, H.I., Management of wastewater from fertiliser industry. Water Science and Technology 32, 45, 1995.
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  • 22. CHEN, C. C., CHEN, P. Y., A taxation model on household wastewater (Journal of Management and System), 10(1), 87, 2003. (in Chinese)
  • 23. LEGGETT, D.J., Rainwater and Greywater use in Buildings: Best Practice Guidance. CIRIA Publishing, UK, 2001.

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

bwmeta1.element.agro-article-0bc0c4e5-90bd-438d-ad55-0715f8ae39a9
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