In quest of cyrtocrinid origins: Evidence from Late Triassic ossicles from the Tatra Mountains

• Autorzy: Salamon M A , Gorzelak P. , Zaton M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

We report cyrtocrinid (Crinoidea) ossicles from the Rhaetian (Late Triassic) of the Tatra Mountains (southern Poland). The columnals are high, the facets are covered with thick crenulae and the latera are concave. Such features of symplectial articulation and latera distinguish them from the columnals of other Triassic crinoids (i.e., millericrinids and encrinids) and therefore we consider they belong to Cyrtocrinida. The oldest representatives of cyrtocrinids were known from the Early Jurassic, therefore the presented material constitutes the oldest world record of these crinoids to date. We speculate that perturbations related to the global mid−Carnian extinction combined with predation intensity observed in the Middle– Late Triassic have been involved in early origin of Cyrtocrinida.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

cyrtocrinid ossicle; Poland; Triassic; Tatras Mountains; paleontology; Cyrtocrinida; Late Triassic

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2009
• Tom: 54
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.171-174,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Salamon M A

• University of Silesia, Bedzinska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland

autor

Gorzelak P.

autor

Zaton M.

Bibliografia

• Arendt, Y.A. 1974. The Cyrtocrinid Sea Lilies [in Russian]. Trudy Paleontologičeskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR 144: 1–251.
• Baumiller, T.K., Mooi, R., and Messing, C.G. 2008. Urchins in the meadow: paleobiological and evolutionary implications of cidaroid predation on crinoids. Paleobiology 34: 22–34.
• Gaździcki, A. 1974. Rhaetian microfacies, stratigraphy and facial development in the Tatra Mts. Acta Geologica Polonica 24: 17–96.
• Gaździcki, A. 2006. Stop B3.13—Lejowa Valley–Lower Jurassic mixed siliciclastic/carbonate deposits. In: A. Wierzbowski, R. Aubrecht, J. Golonka, M. Gutowski, M. Krobicki, B.A. Matyja, G. Pieńkowski, and A. Uchman (eds.), Jurassic of Poland and adjacent Slovakian Carpathians. Field trip guidebook. The 7th International Congress on the Jurassic System, 6–18.09.2006, 112–114. Polish Geological Institute, Warsaw.
• Głuchowski, E. 1986. Crinoids from the Lower Gogolin Beds (Lower Muschelkalk) of the north−eastern part of Upper Silesia. Bulletin of Polish Academy of Sciences, Earth Sciences 34: 179–187.
• Głuchowski, E. 1987. Jurassic and early Cretaceous Articulate Crinoidea from the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts, Poland. Studia Geologica Polonica 94: 6–102.
• Głuchowski, E. and Salamon, M.A. 2005. The Lower Muschelkalk crinoids from Raciborowice, North−Sudetic Basin, SW Poland. Geological Quarterly 49: 83–92.
• Gorzelak, P. and Salamon, M.A. 2009. Signs of benthic predation on Late Jurassic stalked crinoids; preliminary data. Palaios 24: 70–74.
• Hagdorn, H. 1995. Triassic crinoids. Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie II 1/2: 1–22.
• Hagdorn, H. 1996. Palökologie der Trias–Seelilie Dadocrinus. Geologisch−Paläontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 21: 19–45.
• Hagdorn, H. and Campbell, H.J. 1993. Paracomatula triadica sp. nov.—an early comatulid crinoid from the Otapirian (Late Triassic) of New Caledonia. Alcheringa 17: 1–17.
• Hagdorn, H., Głuchowski, E., and Boczarowski A. 1996. The crinoid fauna of the Diplopora Dolomite (Middle Muschelkalk, Triassic, Upper Anisian) at Piekary Śląskie in Upper Silesia. Geologisch−Paläontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 21: 47–75.
• Hagdorn, H., Wang, X., and Wang, Ch. 2007. Palaeoecology of the pseudoplanktonic Triassic crinoid Traumatocrinus from Southwest China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 247: 181–196.
• Hess, H. 1975. Die fossilen Echinodermen des Schweizer Juras. Veröffentlichungen aus dem naturhistorischen Museum Basel 8: 1–130.
• Hess, H. 1999. Tertiary. In: H. Hess, W.I. Ausich, C.E. Brett, and M.J. Simms (eds.), Fossil Crinoids, 233–244. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Hess, H. 2006. Crinoids (Echinodermata) from the Lower Jurassic (Upper Pliensbachian) of Arzo, southern Switzerland. Schweizerische Paläontologische Abhandlungen 126: 1–144.
• Jäger, M. 1993. Die Crinoiden aus dem Pliensbachium vom Rhein−Main−Donau−Kanal bei Sulzkirchen. Teil II. Gestielte Cyrtocrinina und Millericrinina: Amaltheocrinus, Shroshaecrinus?, Plicatocrinus und Nachtrag zu Teil 1 (Eudesicrinus). Archaeopteryx 11: 73–104.
• Jäger, M. 1995. Echinodermata aus dem Ober−Toarcium und Aalenium Deutschlands I. Crinoidea: Cyrtocrinina und Millericrinina. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde B 226: 1–51.
• Klikushin, V.G. 1987. Distribution of crinoidal remains in Triassic of the USSR. Neues Jahrbuch für Paläontologie Abhandlungen 173: 321–338.
• Lowenstam, H.A. 1942. Mid−Triassic crinoid Dadocrinus. Geological Society of America B 53: 1–1832.
• Manni, R. and Nicosia, U. 1999. The oldest cyrtocrinid,Nerocrinus petri n. gen. n. sp., and the Nerocrinidae, n. fam. In: M.D. Candia Carnevali and F. Bonasero (eds.), Echinoderm Research, 327–331. Balkema, Rotterdam.
• Marynowski, L., Gawęda, A., Poprawa, P., Żywiecki, M.M., Kępińska, B., and Merta, H. 2006. Origin of organic matter from tectonic zones in the Western Tatra Mountains Crystalline Basement, Poland: An example of bitumen−source rock correlation. Marine and Petroleum Geology 23: 261–279.
• McRoberts, C.A. 2001. Triassic bivalves and the initial Mesozoic marine revolution: a role for predators. Geology 29: 359–362.
• Nicosia, U. 1991. Mesozoic crinoids from the north−western Turkey. Geologica Romana 27: 389–436.
• Oji, T. 1996. Is predation intensity reduced with increasing depth? Evidence from the west Atlantic stalked crinoid Endoxocrinus parrae (Gervais) and implications for the Mesozoic marine revolution. Paleobiology 22: 339–351.
• Pisera, A. and Dzik, J. 1979. Tithonian crinoids from Rogoźnik (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland) and their evolutionary relationships. Eclogae Geologica Helvetiae 72: 805–849.
• Salamon, M.A. 2003. Środkowotriasowe liliowce (Crinoidea) obszaru świętokrzyskiego. Unpublished Ph.D. 114 pp. University of Silesia, Sosnowiec.
• Salamon, M.A. 2008. Jurassic cyrtocrinids (Cyrtocrinida, Crinoidea) from extra−Carpathian Poland. Paleontographica A 285: 77–99.
• Salamon, M.A., Gajerski, A., Gorzelak, P., and Łukowiak, M. 2007. A new plicatocrinid crinoid, Tetracrinus jagti, from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of southern Poland. Neues Jahrbuch für Paläontologie Abhandlungen 245: 179–183.
• Schneider, J.A. 1988. Frequency of arm regeneration of comatulids in relation to life habit. In: R.D. Burke, PV. Mladenov, P. Lambert, and R.L. Parsley (eds.), Echinoderm biology, 531–538. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
• Simms, M.J. 1988. The phylogeny of post−Palaeozoic crinoids. In: C.R.C. Paul and A.B. Smith (eds.), Echinoderm Phylogeny and Evolutionary Biology, 269–284. Clarendon, Oxford.
• Simms, M.J. 1989. British Lower Jurassic crinoids. The Palaeontographical Society Monograph 1989: 1–142.
• Simms, M.J. 1999. Systematics, phylogeny and evolutionary history. In: H. Hess, W.I. Ausich, C.E. Brett, and M.J. Simms (eds.), Fossil Crinoids, 31–40. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Simms, M.J. and Ruffell, A.H. 1990. Climatic and biotic change in the late Triassic. Journal of the Geological Society London 147: 321–327.
• Stiller, F. 2000. Two early millericrinids and an unusual crinoid of uncertain systematic position from the lower Upper Anisian (Middle Triassic) of Qingyan, Southwestern China. Journal of Paleontology 74: 32–51.
• Walker, S.E. and Brett, C.E. 2002. Post−Paleozoic patterns in marine predation: was there a Mesozoic and Cenozoic marine predatory revolution? In: M. Kowalewski and P.H. Kelley (eds.), The Fossil Record of Predation. The Paleontological Society Papers 8: 119–194.
• Zatoń M., Salamon, M.A., and Kaźmierczak, J. 2008. Cyrtocrinids (Crinoidea) and associated stalked crinoids from the Lower/Middle Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) shelfal deposits of southern Poland. Geobios 41: 559–569.