Conodont faunas with Lenodus variabilis in the upper Arenigian to lower Llanvirnian of Sweden

• Autorzy: Lofgren A
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Lenodus variabilis occurs in an interval in the lower to middle Kundan Stage which includes the Arenig–Llanvirn boundary. The lower part of its range constitutes the L. variabilis Zone,the upper part,where it co−occurs with Yangtze−placognathus crassus,making up the Y. crassus Zone. The conodont faunas of these two consecutive conodont biozones have been investigated in 14 sections from south,south−central and central Sweden,the faunal differences between the areas being mainly expressed in shifts in relative abundance. The taxon which is generally the most abundant, Baltoniodus, has comparable abundance maxima at localities representing shallow parts of the basin as well as in deeper parts,indicating that some environmental factor other than water depth has influenced its distribution. Drepanodus and Protopanderodus rectus prefer areas representing deeper parts of the epicontinental sea. Scalpellodus is most abundant at the sites representing intermediate depths. Semiacontiodus cornuformis was adapted to shallow water and is lacking at levels representing maximum depths, but at some places (for instance in Skåne) it is replaced by Semiacontiodus davidi.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ecology; fauna; Lenodus variabilis; Sweden; Kundan Stage; conodont; biostratigraphy; paleontology

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2003
• Tom: 48
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.417-436,fig.

Twórcy

autor

Lofgren A

• Lund University, Solvegatan 13, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden

Bibliografia

• Albanesi, G.L. and Barnes, C.R. 1996. The origin of the Middle Ordovician conodont Paroistodus horridus in the Argentine Precordillera. Sixth European Conodont Symposium (ECOS VI), Abstracts,p. 1. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, Warszawa.
• Aldridge, R.J., Smith, M.P., Norby, R.D., and Briggs, D.E.G. 1987. The architecture and function of Carboniferous polygnathacean conodont apparatuses. In: R.J. Aldridge (ed.), Palaeobiology of conodonts, 63–76. Ellis Horwood, Chichester.
• An Tai−Xiang. 1981. Recent progress in Cambrian and Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of China. Geological Society of America Special Paper 187: 209–25.
• Bagnoli, G. and Stouge, S. 1991. Paleogeographic distribution of Arenigian (Lower Ordovician) conodonts. Anais da Academia Brasiliera de Ciencias 63: 171–183.
• Bagnoli, G. and Stouge, S. 1996. Changes in conodont provincialism and biofacies during the lower Ordovician in Öland,Sweden. Palaeopelagos 6: 19–29.
• Bagnoli, G. and Stouge, S. 1997. Lower Ordovician (Billingenian–Kunda) conodont zonation and provinces based on sections from Horns Udde, north Öland,Sweden. Bolletino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 35: 109–63. Modena.
• Bagnoli, G. and Stouge, S. 1999. Bentonite beds and discontinuity surfaces as correlative tools in the Lower to Middle Ordovician carbonates of Baltoscandia. In: A. Farinacci and A.R. Lord (eds.), Depositional Episodes and Bioevents,29–38. Palaeopelagos Special Publication No. 2.
• Bambach, R.K. 1993. Seafood through time: changes in biomass,energetics, and productivity in the marine ecosystem. Paleobiology 19: 372–397.
• Barnes, C.R. and Fåhræeus, L.E. 1975. Provinces,communities,and the proposed nektobenthic habit of Ordovician conodontophorids. Lethaia 8: 133–149.
• Barnes, C.R. and Poplawski, M.L.S. 1973. Lower and Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Mystic Formation,Quebec. Journal of Paleontology 47: 760–790.
• Barnes, C.R., Rexroad, C.B. and Miller, J.F. 1973. Lower Paleozoic conodont provincialism. In: F.H.T. Rhodes (ed.),Conodont Paleozoology. Geological Society of America Special Paper 15: 157–190.
• Bergström, S.M. 1990. Relations between conodont provincialism and the changing palaeogeography during the Early Palaeozoic. In: W.S. McKerrow and C.R. Scotese (eds.), Palaeozoic Palaeogeography and Biogeography. Geological Society Memoir 12: 105–121.
• Bohlin, B. 1949. The Asaphus Limestone in Northernmost Öland. Bulletin of the Geological Institution of the University of Uppsala 33: 529–570.
• Bohlin, B. 1955. The Lower Ordovician Limestones between the Ceratopyge shale and the Platyurus Limestone of Böda Hamn,with a description of the microlithology of the limestones by Valdar Jaanusson. Bulletin of the Geological Institution of the University of Uppsala 35: 111–173.
• Branson, E.B. and Mehl, M.G. 1933–1934. Conodonts studies. Missouri University Studies 8: 1–349. Columbia, Missouri.
• Bruun, A.F. 1957. Deep sea and abyssal depths. In: J.M. Hedgpeth (ed.), Treatise on marine ecology and paleoecology, Vol. 1. Ecology. The Geological Society of America Memoir 67: 641–672.
• Chen Jun−Yuan and Lindström, M. 1991. Cephalopod Septal Strength Indices (SSI) and depositional depth of Swedish Orthoceratite limestone. Geologica et Palaeontologica 25: 5–18.
• Ding Liansheng, Min−Juan Chen, Jian−Hua Zhang, Hai−Hong Cao, and Dexian Bao. 1993. Cambrian to Ordovician conodonts. In: Wang Chengyuan (ed.), Conodonts of Lower Yangtze Valley—An Indexes to biostratigraphy and organicmetamorphic maturity,155–214. Science Press, Beijing.
• Donoghhue, P.C.J. and Purnell, M.A. 1999a. Growth,function,and the conodont fossil record. Geology 27: 251–254.
• Donoghhue, P.C.J. and Purnell, M.A. 1999b. Mammal−like occlusion in conodonts. Paleobiology 25: 58–74.
• Dzik, J. 1976. Remarks on the evolution of Ordovician conodonts. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 21: 395–455.
• Dzik, J. 1991. Evolution of the oral apparatuses in the conodont chordates. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36: 265–323.
• Dzik, J. 1994. Conodonts of the Mojcza Limestone. In: J. Dzik, E. Olempska, and A. Pisera (eds.),Ordovician Carbonate Platform Ecosystem of the Holy Cross Mountains. Palaeontologica Polonica 53: 43–128.
• Epstein, A.G., Epstein, J.B. and Harris, L.D. 1977. Conodont color alteration—an index to regional metamorphism. U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 995: 1–27. Washington.
• Erlström, M., Ahlberg, P. and Löfgren, A. 2001. Lower Palaeozoic stratigraphy at Lyby and Tängelsås,central Scania,southern Sweden. GFF 123: 7–14.
• Jaaanusson, V. 1976. Faunal dynamics in the Middle Ordovician of Balto−Scandia. In: M.G. Bassett (ed.), The Ordovician System: proceedings of a Palaeontological Association symposium, Birmingham, September 1974,301–326. University of Wales Press and National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
• Jaaanusson, V. 1982. Introduction to the Ordovician of Sweden. In: D.L. Bruton and S.H. Williams (eds.), Field excursion guide, IV International symposium on the Ordovician System,1–9. Palaeontological Contributions from the University of Oslo 279.
• Jaaanusson, V. 1995. Confacies differentiation and upper Middle Ordovician correlation in the Baltoscandian basin. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. Geology 44: 73–86.
• Jaanusson, V. and Mutvei, H. 1982. Ordovician of Öland. Guide to excursion 3. IV International Symposium on the Ordovician System, Oslo 1982. 23 pp. Section of Palaeozoology,Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm.
• Jeppsson, L. 1979. Conodont element function. Lethaia 12: 153–171.
• Jeppsson, L., Fredholm, D. and Mattiasson, B. 1985. Acetic acid and phosphatic fossils—a warning. Journal of Paleontology 59: 952–56.
• Leslie, S.A. 2000. Mohawkian (Upper Ordovician) conodonts of eastern North America and Baltoscandia. Journal of Paleontology 74: 1122–1147.
• Lindström, M. 1955. Conodonts from the lowermost Ordovician strata of south−central Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 76: 517–604.
• Lindström, M. 1971a. Lower Ordovician conodonts of Europe. Geological Society of America Memoir 127: 21–61.
• Lindström, M. 1971b. Vom Anfang,Hochstand und Ende eines Epikontinentalmeeres. Geologische Rundschau 60: 419–438. Stuttgart.
• Lindström, M. 1984. Baltoscandic conodont life environments in the Ordovician: Sedimentologic and paleogeographic evidence. Geological Society of America Special Paper 196: 33–42.
• Löfgren, A. 1978. Arenigian and Llanvirnian conodonts from Jämtland, northern Sweden. Fossils and Strata 13: 1–129. Oslo.
• Löfgren, A. 1985. Early Ordovician conodont biozonation at Finngrundet, south Bothnian Bay,Sweden. (Geology of the southern Bothnian Sea. Part III.). Bulletin of the Geological Institutions of the University of Uppsala 10: 115–28. Uppsala.
• Löfgren, A. 1993. Arenig conodont succcessions from central Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 115: 193–207.
• Löfgren, A. 1995a. The middle Lanna/Volkhov Stage (middle Arenig) in Sweden and its conodont fauna. Geological Magazine 132: 693–711.
• Löfgren, A. 1995b. The probable origin of the Ordovician conodont “Cordylodus” horridus. Géobios 28: 371–377.
• Löfgren, A. 1998. Apparatus structure of the Ordovician conodont Decoriconus peselephantis (Lindström,1955). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 72: 337–350.
• Löfgren, A. 1999. The Ordovician conodont Semiacontiodus cornuformis (Sergeeva,1963) and related species in Baltoscandia. Geologica et Palaeontologica 33: 71–91.
• Löfgren, A. 2000a. Conodont biozonation in the upper Arenig of Sweden. Geological Magazine 137: 53–65.
• Löfgren, A. 2000b. Early to early Middle Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of the Gillberga quarry,northern Öland,Sweden. GFF 122: 321–338.
• Löfgren, A. and Tolmacheva, T.Ju. 2003. The occurrence of the conodont Drepanodus arcuatus Pander, 1856 and related species in the Ordovician of Baltoscandia. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 77: 181–199.
• Löfgren, A. and Zhang Jianhua. 2002. Element association and morphology in some Middle Ordovician platform−equipped conodonts. Eighth International conodont symposium held in Europe, Toulouse—Albi, June 2002, Abstracts, Strata, Sér. 1, 12: 96.
• Löfgren, A. and Zhang Jianhua (in press). Element association and morphology in some Middle Ordovician platform−equipped conodonts. Journal of Paleontology 77: 723–739.
• Nielsen, A.T. 1992. Ecostratigraphy and the recognition of Arenigian (Early Ordovician) sea level changes. In: B.D. Webby and J.R. Laurie (eds.), Global Perspectives on Ordovician Geology, 355–366. Balkema, Rotterdam.
• Nielsen, A.T. 1995. Trilobite systematics,biostratigraphy and palaeoecology of the Lower Ordovician Komstad Limestone and Huk Formations, southern Scandinavia. Fossils and Strata 38: 1–374. Oslo.
• Nielsen, A.T. 1997. Sea−level changes during the Volkhov—early Kunda Stages. Meeting of Working Group on Ordovician Geology of Baltoscandia, St. Petersburg, August 10–16, 1997, Programme and Abstracts, p. 43.
• Nordlund, U. 1989. Lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of a Lower Ordovician limestone sequence at Hälludden,Öland,Sweden. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 111: 65–94.
• Purnell, M.A. 1999. Conodonts: Functional analysis of disarticulated skeletal structures. In: E. Savazzi (ed.), Functional morphology of the Invertebrate skeleton, 129–146. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
• Rasmussen, J.A. 1991. Conodont stratigraphy of the Lower Ordovician Huk Formation at Slemmestad,southern Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 71: 265–88. Oslo.
• Rasmussen, J.A. 1996. Did the North Atlantic Faunal Region exist during the Lower Ordovician? Sixth International Conodont Symposium (ECOS VI), Abstracts, p. 49. Warszawa.
• Rasmussen, J.A. 1998. A reinterpretation of the conodont Atlantic Realm in the late Early Ordovician (early Llanvirn). In: H. Szaniawski (ed.), Proceedings of the Sixth European Conodont Symposium (ECOS VI). Palaeontologia Polonica 58: 67–77.
• Rasmussen, J.A. 2001. Conodont biostratigraphy and taxonomy of the Ordovician shelf margin deposits in the Scandinavian Caledonides. Fossils and Strata 48: 1–180.
• Rasmussen, J.A. and Stouge, S. 1995. Late Arenig–Early Llanvirn conodont biofacies across the Iapetus Ocean. In: J.D. Cooper, M.L. Droser, and S.C. Finney (eds.), Ordovician Odyssey: Short Papers for the Seventh International Synposium on the Ordovician System,443–447. SEPM, Pacific Section, Book 77, Fullerton, California.
• Regnéll, G. and Hede, J.E. 1960. The Lower Palaeozoic of Scania and the Silurian of Gotland. Guide to excursions Nos. A22 and C17. International Geological Congress, 21 Session, Norden 1960, Sweden, Guidebook, 1–89. Stockholm.
• Rhodes, F.H.T. 1955. The conodont fauna of the Keisley Limestone. Geological Society of London, Quarterly Journal 111: 117–142.
• Seddon, G. and Sweet, W.C. 1971. An ecologic model for conodonts. Journal of Paleontology 45: 869–880.
• Sergeeva, S.P. 1963. Conodonts from the Lower Ordovician in the Leningrad region [in Russian]. Akademia Nauk SSSR. Paleontologičeskij žurnal 1963: 93–108. Moskva.
• Sergeeva, S.P. 1974. Some new Ordovician conodonts from the Leningrad region [in Russian]. Paleontologičeskij Sbornik 11: 79–84.
• Silcock, L. (ed.). 1993. The Oceans—A Celebration. 224 pp. Ebury Press, London.
• Stauffer, C. 1935. Conodonts of the Glenwood beds. Geological Society of America Bulletin 46: 125–168.
• Stouge, S. 1984. Conodonts of the Middle Ordovician Table Head Formation, western Newfoundland. Fossils and Strata 16: 1–145.
• Stouge, S. and Bagnoli, G. 1988. Early Ordovician conodonts from Cow Head Peninsula, western Newfoundland. Palaeontographia Italica 75: 89–179. Pisa.
• Stouge, S. and Bagnoli, G. 1990. Lower Ordovician (Volkhovian–Kundan) conodonts from Hagudden,northern Öland,Sweden. Palaeontographia Italica 77: 1–54. Pisa.
• Thorslund, P. and Jaanusson, V. 1960. The Cambrian,Ordovician and Silurian in Västergötland,Närke,Dalarna,and Jämtland,central Sweden. Guide to excursions Nos. A23 and C18. International geological Congress, 21 Session, Norden 1960, Sweden, Guide−book e,1–51. Stockholm.
• Tinn, O. and Meidla, T. 2001. Middle Ordovician ostracods from the Lanna and Holen Limestones, south−central Sweden. GFF 123: 129–136.
• Tjernvik, T. and Johansson, J.V. 1980. Description of the upper portion of the drill−core from Finngrundet in the south Bothnian Bay. Geology of the southern Bothnian Sea. Part II. Bulletin of the Geological Institutions of the University of Uppsala 8: 173–204. Uppsala.
• Tolmacheva, T.J. 2001a. Conodont biostratigraphy and diversity in the Lower—Middle Ordovician of eastern Baltoscandia (St. Petersburg region, Russia) and Kazakhstan, 40 p. Summary in PhD thesis, Department of Earth Sciences, Historical Geology and Palaeontology, Uppsala University.
• Tolmacheva, T.J. 2001b. The conodont apparatus Scolopodus striatus Pander and a re−evaluation of Pander’s Scolopodus species,23 p. Part of PhD thesis, Department of Earth Sciences, Historical Geology and Palaeontology, Uppsala University.
• Vermeij, G.J. 1995. Economics,volcanoes,and Phanerozoic revolutions. Paleobiology 21: 125–152.
• Viira, V., Löfgren, A., Mägi, S. and Wickström, J. 2001. An Early to Middle Ordovician succession of conodont faunas at Mäekalda, northern Estonia. Geological Magazine, 138: 699–718.
• Zhang Jianhua 1997. The Lower Ordovician conodont Eoplacognathus crassus Chen and Zhang, 1993. GFF 119: 61–65.
• Zhang Jianhua 1998a. Middle Ordovician conodonts from the Atlantic Faunal Region and the evolution of key conodont genera. Meddelanden från Stockholms Universitets institution för geologi och geokemi 298: 5–27.
• Zhang Jianhua 1998b. Conodonts from the Guniutan Formation (Llanvirnian) in Hubei and Hunan Provinces, south−central China. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 46: 1–161.
• Zhang Jianhua 1998c. The Ordovician conodont genusPygodus. Palaeontologica Polonica 58: 87–105.