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2012 | 68 | 05 |

Tytuł artykułu

Mikrobiologiczna ocena ryzyka - identyfikacja oraz charakterystyka zagrożenia

Warianty tytułu

EN
Microbiological risk assessment – identification and characterization of a hazard

Języki publikacji

PL

Abstrakty

EN
Risk assessment is a complex process that requires adequate knowledge of various fields. It consists of four steps: hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment and risk characterization. It can be conducted in a qualitative, semi-quantitative or a quantitative manner, and its selection depends on the quantity and quality of collected data. The aim of the paper has been to introduce to the historical background, terminology and the first two steps of risk assessment in improving animal health and food safety: hazard identification and hazard characterization. Hazard identification is usually defined as “the identification of biological, chemical, and physical agents capable of causing adverse health effects and which may be present in a particular food or group of foods.” The data concerning a particular hazard can be derived from scientific literature, databases, governmental agencies, international organizations, expert opinions, clinical tests, animal experiments, epidemiological observations, examinations of properties and interactions between microorganisms. Hazard characterization is the qualitative and/or quantitative assessment of the nature of the adverse health effects associated with the hazard. There are several factors considered in hazard characterization, related to both the microorganism and the human host. The most desirable part of this process is establishing a dose-response relationship, describing the relationship between the amount or level of exposure to a substance and the occurrence and intensity of an adverse effect.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

68

Numer

05

Opis fizyczny

s.285-289,rys.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

  • Zakład Epidemiologii i Oceny Ryzyka, Państwowy Instytut Weterynaryjny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Al.Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy
autor
autor
autor

Bibliografia

  • 1.Ades A. E., Lu G.: Correlations between parameters in risk models: estimation and propagation of uncertainty by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Risk Anal. 2003, 23, 1165-1172.
  • 2.Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens (ACDP): Microbiological risk assessment: an interim report. HMSO, London 1996.
  • 3.Brown M. H.: Quantitative microbiological risk assessment: principles applied to determining the comparative risk of salmonellosis from chicken products. Int. Biodeter. Biodegr. 2002, 50, 155-160.
  • 4.Buchanan R. L., Smith J. L., Long W.: Microbial risk assessment: dose-response relations and risk characterization. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2002, 58, 159-172.
  • 5.Codex Alimentarius Comission: Principles and guidelines for the application of microbiological risk assessment. FAO, Rome, CX/FH 96/10 1996.
  • 6.Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA): Water quality criteria documents: availability. Fed Reg 1980, 45, 79318-79379.
  • 7.FAO/WHO: Food safety risk analysis. A Guide For National Food Safety Authorities. Rome 2006.
  • 8.FAO/WHO: Hazard Characterization for pathogens in food and water. Guidelines. Microbiological risk assessment series, Rome, Geneva 2003, nr 3.
  • 9.Fosse J., Seegers H., Magras C.: Foodborne zoonoses due to meat: a quantitative approach for a comparative risk assessment applied to pig slaughtering in Europe. Vet. Res. 2008, 39;1, doi: 10.1051/vetres:2007039.
  • 10.Greenland S.: Sensitivity analysis, Monte Carlo risk analysis and Bayesian uncertainty assessment. Risk Anal. 2001, 21, 579-583.
  • 11.Kuzmack A. M., McGaughy R. E.: Quantitative risk assessment for community exposure to vinyl chloride. EPA Office of Planning and Management and Office of Health and Ecological Effects, Washington DC, 1975 December.
  • 12.Lammerding A. M., Fazil A.: Hazard identification and exposure assessment for microbial food safety risk assessment. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2000, 58, 147-157.
  • 13.Larson E., Aiello A. E., Arbor A.: Systematic risk assessment for the infection control professional. Am. J. Infect. Control 2006, 34, 323-326.
  • 14.Mangen M. J. J., Batz M. B., Kasbohrer A., Hald T., Morris J. G., Taylor M., Havelaar A. H.: Integrated approaches for the public health prioritization of foodborne and zoonotic pathogens. Risk Anal. 2010, 30, 782-797.
  • 15.National Research Council (NRC): Pesticides in the diets of infants and children. National Academies Press, Washington DC 1993.
  • 16.National Research Council (NRC): Science and judgment in risk assessment. National Academies Press, Washington DC 1994.
  • 17.National Research Council (NRC): Understanding risk: Informing decisions in a democratic society. National Academies Press, Washington DC 1996.
  • 18.Pohjola M. V., Leino O., Kollanus V., Tuomisto J. T., Gunnlaugsdóttir H., Holm F., Kalogeras N., Luteijn J. M., Magnússon S. H., Odekerken G., Tijhuis M. J., Ueland O., White B. C., Verhagen H.: State of the art in benefit-risk analysis: Environmental health. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2011, doi:10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.004.
  • 19.Schlundt J.: Comparison of microbiological risk assessment studies published. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2000, 58, 197-202.
  • 20.Schothorst M. van: Microbiological risk assessment of foods In international trade. Safety Sci. 2002, 40, 359-382.
  • 21.Stark K. D. C., Regula G., Hernandez J., Knopf L., Fuchs K., Morris R. S., Davies P.: Concepts for risk-based surveillance in the field of veterinary medicine and veterinary public health: Review of current approaches. BMC Health Services Research 2006, 6, doi:10.1186/1472-6963-6-20.
  • 22.Toyofuku H.: Harmonization of international risk assessment protocol. Marine Poll. Bull. 2006, 53, 579-590.
  • 23.Train R.: Interim procedures and guidelines for health risk and economic impact assessments of suspected carcinogens. EPA Office of the Administrator, Washington DC 1976 May.

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

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