Kompozycja dźwiękowa jako przedmiot badań ekologii krajobrazu

Warianty tytułu

EN

Soundscape studies within the framework of landscape ecology

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of this paper is to summarize selected studies about the sound in the landscape in the framework of the landscape ecology which gives an interdisciplinary approach. In this context the most essential researches were carried out in bioacoustics, ecoacoustics, acoustic ecology and soundscape ecology. The article starts with a brief description of how acoustic ecology and concept of soundscape had evolved and spread to various disciplines. The controversy over the term of soundscape is briefly presented: in Polish it has been translated as krajobraz dźwiękowy which means the acoustic landscape and it is hard to use it in the framework of the landscape ecology. It is suggested that krajobraz dźwiękowy should be understood as sound perceived by human (like in most of its definitions). The objective phenomena of the sound in the landscape is called the sound composition (kompozycja dźwiękowa) and is meant as the landscape feature. The soundscape ecology is described as a new discipline which gives useful acoustic indicators. Next, results of studies focusing on the sound in relation to the spatial structure of the landscape, (i.e. differentiations of bird songs in relation to patch connectivity and size or variations of soundscapes in relation to landscape characteristics) are discussed. Conclusions include suggestions regarding – future lines of acoustic researches. Some studies about acoustical methods to research the biodiversity are also described. The last part of the paper is about the soundscape chronostructure in relation to landscape evolution and its cyclic changes. General conclusions about annual and daily variability are described. Studies on ultrasounds and their possible importance in measuring the vegetation condition are described. Observations and experiments focusing on an influence of masking sounds on animal vocalisations give the knowledge about mechanisms of the soundscape change caused by anthropopressure or invasive species. This is potentially useful to monitoring dynamics in the soundscape.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Prace i Studia Geograficzne
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 62
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: s.99-115,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

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