Distribution of trace elements in surface water and sediments from Warri River in Warri, Delta State of Nigeria

• Autorzy: Ama I.N. , Nwajei G.E. , Agbaire P.O.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The pollution of surface water and sediments by heavy metals has become a difficult thing to deal with due to their toxicity and accumulative behavior. The present study was undertaken to provide information on the concentrations and distribution of selected heavy metals in surface water and sediments from Warri River, and to compute a contamination/pollution index of heavy metals. Surface water and sediment samples were collected using standard methods and then analysed for nine trace metals. These metals were determined using a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer –UNICAM 929. According to our results, the mean concentrations of the select metals in the sediments were higher than those of the surface water. The figures, however, varied significantly in the six sample locations (SW1–SW6). In the sediments, the highest mean concentration was of Fe (504.13 mg/kg) in location SW1, whereas in surface water, generally, the highest mean concentration was of Fe (1.23 mg/l). In other words, mean metal levels in the sediments exceeded those of surface water. This indicates that sediments are a sink for metal pollution loads. Computation of contamination/pollution index in sediment matrix revealed that Cd moderately polluted the sediment, Zn, Fe, Ni slightly, yet significantly contaminated the sediment, while Cu, Cr and Mn very slightly contaminated the sediments. The mean values of metals in this present study were compared with other values reported by other researchers. The higher than normal metal values were attributed to anthropogenic wastes, runoff, refinery jetty and varied petroleum related activities in the area.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: World News of Natural Sciences
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 11
• Opis fizyczny: p.65-82,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Ama I.N.

• Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, PMB 1 Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

autor

Nwajei G.E.

• Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, PMB 1 Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

autor

Agbaire P.O.

• Department of Chemistry, Delta State University, PMB 1 Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

Bibliografia

• [1] Chen, Y. and Chen, M. (2001). Heavy Metal Concentrations in Nine Species of Fishes of Coastal Waters, Off Ann-ping S. W. Taiwan Journal of Food Drug Analysis Vol. 9 N0. 2, pages 107-114
• [2] Dallas, H.F. (1993). The effect of water quality variables on riverine ecosystems: A review, Water research commission Project. No. 351. Pretoria. South Africa. 200 pp.
• [3] Defew, L., Mair, J., and Guzman, H. (2004). An assessment of metal contamination inmangrove sediments and leaves from Punta Mala Bay, Pacific Panama. Marine Pollution Bulletin 50(5), 547-552
• [4] Doul, J., Klassen, C. D. and Amdur, M. O. (1980). Casaret and Doul’s Toxicology, 2nd Edition, Macmillan, New York.
• [5] Dibofori-Orji, A. N.; Edori, O. S. (2013). Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and Trace Metals Emission from the Combustion of Tyres in A Nigeria Abattoir. Chemistry and Materials Research, 3(13), 21-26
• [6] Egborge ABM. (2001). Salinity and the distribution of cladocera in Warri River, Nigeria. Hydrobiol. 145, 159-167
• [7] Ekeanyanwu, C. R., Ogbuinyi, C. A., and Etienajirhevwe, O. F. (2010). Trace Metals Distribution in Fish Tissues, Bottom Sediments and Water from Okumeshi River in Delta State, Nigeria, Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management 3(3), 12-17
• [8] Faanu, A., Ephraim, J. H., Darko, E. O., Kpeglo, D. O., Lawluvi, H.,and Adukpo, O. (2011). Determination of the Concentrations of Physicochemical Parameters in Water and Soil from a Gold Mining Area in Ghana. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 3(2), 177-186
• [9] Filazi A., Baskaya R. and Kum C., 2003. Metal concentration in tissues of the Black Sea fish, Mugil auratus from Sinop Icliman, Turkey, Human, Experimental Toxicology, 22, 85-87
• [10] Gerstner B.C and Huff J. E. (1997). Clinical technology of mercury Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 2, 167-171
• [11] Gupta, A., Rai, D. K., Dandey, R. S., and Sharitta, B. (2009). Analysis of some heavy metals in the riverine water, sediments and fish from River Ganges at Allahabad. Environment Monit Assessment 157, 449-458
• [12] Iwegbue, C. M. A., Nwajei, G. E., and Isirimah, N. O. (2006). Characteristics levels of heavy metals in sediments and dredged sediments of a municipal creek in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, Environmentalist 26, 139-144
• [13] Iwegbue, C.M.A., Nwajei, G. E.,and Arimoro, F. O.,(2007). Assessment of Contamination by Heavy Metals in Sediments of Ase River, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 2 (5), 220-406
• [14] Iwegbue, C. M. A, Arimoro, F. O., Nwajei, G. E., and Eguavoen, O. I. (2012). Concentration and Distribution of Trace Metals in Water and Streambed Sediments of Orogodo River, Southern Nigeria. Soil and Sediment Contamination 21, 382-406
• [15] Mahananda, H. B., Mahananda, M. R., and Mohantu, B. P. (2005). Studies on the physicochemical and Biological Parameters of a Freshwater pond Ecosystem as an indicator of water pollution. Ecological, Environmental and Conservation. 11(3-4) 537-541
• [16] Nwajei, G. E. (2007). Heavy Metals Contamination of Soils in selected Wastes Dumping sites inWarri/Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria. Academy Journal of Science and Engineering 5(1), 7-12
• [17] Nwajei, G. E. and Iwegbue, C. M. A. 2007. Trace Elements in Sawdust Particles in the Vicinity of Sawmill in Sapele, Nigeria, Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 10(23), 4311-4314
• [18] Nwajei, G. E. and Iwegbue, C. M. A. 2007. Trace Metal Concentrations in soils in the vicinity of Uwelu Motor Spare Parts Market. Benin City, Nigeria, Journal of Chem. Society of Nigeria 32(2), 282-286
• [19] Nwajei, G. E. and Iwegbue, C. M. A. 2007. Heavy Metals in Dust Particles from Selected Laboratories in Delta state University, Abraka, Nigeria. Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria 32(2), 282-286
• [20] Nwajei, G. E. (2009). Trace Elements in Soil and Vegetation in the Vicinity of Shell Petroleum Development Company operating area in Ughelli, Delta State of Nigeria. American Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 3(3), 574-578
• [21] Oguzie, F.A (2003): Heavy metals in fish, water and effluents of lower, Ikpoba River in Benin City, Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Science and Industrial Research, 46 (3), 156-160
• [22] Punta. M. B, Pacific P. L., Defew. H., James M. Maira and Hector M. G. An assessment of metal contamination in mangrove sediments and leaves from Marine Pollution Bulletin 50, 547-552
• [23] Shomar, B. H., Muller, G., and Yahya, A. (2005). Seasonal Variations of Chemical Composition of Water and Bottom Sediments in the Wetland of Wadi Gaza, Gaza Strip. Wetlands Ecology and Management 13, 419-431
• [24] Thapa, G. B. And Weber, E. K. (1991). Soil Erosion In Developing Countries: A Political Economic Explanation. Journal Of Environmental Management 15(4), 461-473
• [25] Wepener, V., and Vermulen, L. A. (2005). Concentrations and bioavailability of selected metals in sediments of Richard Bay Harbour, South Africa, Water South African Journal 31(4), 589-595
• [26] Wilspenyer, M. (1994). Heavy Metals in Hair Samples from Australia and Italy. Science Total Environ. 156, 235-242
• [27] Yu, K. C., Tsai, L. T., Chen, S. H., and Pick, F. R. (2001). Correlation analysis on ling behavior of heavy metals with sediment matrices. Water Research 35(10), 2417-2428
• [28] Zurera, G. B; Estranda, R; Rincon, E. P. (1987). Lead and Cadmium Concentration. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 38, 805-812
• [29] Beata Draszawka – Bołzan, Emil Cyraniak, Circuit heavy metals in nature. World Scientific News 4 (2014) 32-38
• [30] Beata Draszawka – Bołzan, Effect of heavy metals on living organisms. World Scientific News 5 (2014) 26-34
• [31] Beata Draszawka – Bołzan, Strategies and methods of contaminated soil reclamation of heavy metals. World Scientific News 6 (2014) 10-16
• [32] Amol M. Jadhav, Pravin U. Singare, Quantification of Heavy Metals in the Sediment ecosystem of Ulhas River flowing along Dombivli City of Mumbai. World Scientific News 10 (2015) 1-16
• [33] K. M. Mohiuddin, H. M. Zakir, K. Otomo, S. Sharmin, N. Shikazono. Geochemical distribution of trace metal pollutants in water and sediments of downstream of an urban river. International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology December 2010, Volume 7, Issue 1, pp 17–28
• [34] Akcay, H.; Oguz, A; Karapire, C., (2003). Study of heavy metal pollution and speciation in Buyak Menderes and Gediz river sediments. Water Res. 37 (4), 813–822
• [35] Atgin, R. S.; El-Agha, O.; Zararsiz, A.; Kocatas, A.; Parlak, H.; Tuncel, G., (2000). Investigation of the sediment pollution in Izmir Bay: trace elements. Spectrochim. Acta B. 55 (7), 1151–1164
• [36] Cenci, R. M.; Martin, J. M., (2004). Concentration and fate of trace metals in Mekong River Delta. Sci. Total Environ. 332 (1–3), 167–182
• [37] Dassenakis, M.; Scoullos, M.; Foufa, E.; Krasakopoulou, E.; Pavlidou, A.; Kloukiniotou, M., (1998). Effects of multiple source pollution on a small Mediterranean River. Appl. Geochem. 13 (2), 197–211
• [38] Harikumar, P. S.; Nasir, U. P.; Mujeebu Rahman, M. P., (2009). Distribution of heavy metals in the core sediments of a tropical wetland system. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 6 (2), 225–232
• [39] Islam, M. R.; Lahermo, W. P.; Salminen, R.; Rojstaczer, S.; Peuraniemi, V., (2000). Lake and reservoir water quality affected by metals leaching from tropical soils, Bangladesh. Environ. Geol. 39 (10), 1083–1089
• [40] Jaquet, J. M.; Davaud, E.; Rapin, F.; Vernet, J. P., (1982). Basic concepts and associated statistical methodology in geochemical study of lake sediments. Hydrobiologia, 91 (1), 139–146
• [41] Kwon, Y. T.; Lee, C. W.; Ahn, B. Y, (2001). Sedimentation pattern and sediments bioavailability in a wastewater discharging area by sequential metal analysis. Microchem. J. 68 (2–3), 135–141
• [42] Legret, M.; Pagotto, C., (1999). Evaluation of pollutant loadings in the runoff waters from a major rural highway. Sci. Total Environ. 235, 143–150
• [43] Marin, A.; Lopez-Gonzalvez, A.; Barbas, C., (2001). Development and validation of extraction methods for determination of zinc and arsenic speciation in soils using focused ultrasound: Application to heavy metal study in mud and soils. Anal. Chim. Acta 442 (2), 305–318