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2015 | 58 | 195 |

Tytuł artykułu

Protection through construction of a wooden monument in Radomlje (Slovenia)

Autorzy

Treść / Zawartość

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
Biodegradation of the wood, photo-degradation of the coatings and major cracks appeared on a six-metre high oak monument built in 1960. Due to three displacements and exposure to increased moisture and pests, the monument lost its original appearance. Damage due to the fixation elements became so extensive that they threatened its load-bearing capacity. During the renovation work, the monument was subjected to original and specific constructional measures and its original appearance was restored. Restoration of the original details allowed water to flow off the monument easily, hence the wood could dry quickly. The weakened and worn parts of the wood were replaced or consolidated. Dilatation between the wood, metal and stone was stopped and further corrosion processes prevented. Restoration of the cracks prevented the entry and retention of water inside. Where this was not achievable, drainage was installed and aeration of the wood was enabled. By means of a central metal mandrel and a supporting system of adjustable bolts, the bearing capacity was improved and, in the event of possible displacements, centring of the monument was made possible. Removing the external fixation elements contributed to the monument’s aesthetics. These innovative construction solutions may represent a model case for the future restoration of similar cultural monuments.

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

58

Numer

195

Opis fizyczny

p.135-148,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor
  • Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Kranj Regional Office, Slovenia
autor
  • Department of Wood Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Bibliografia

  • Brischke C., Rapp A.O., Hasan M., Despot R. [2010]: Impact of climate change on wood deterioration – Challenges and solutions for cultural heritage and modern structures. Proceedings of: 41st IRG Annual Meeting, 9–13 May 2010, Biarritz, France IRG/WP 10-20441: 1–14
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  • Finch G., Wang J., Ricketts D. [2013]: Guide for Designing. Energy-Efficient Building Enclosures for Wood–Frame Multi–Unit Residential Buildings in Marine to Cold Climate Zones in North America. FP Innovations and RDH Building Engineering Ltd. Special Publication: 53
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  • Gockel H. [1996]: Konstruktiver Holzschutz. Bauen mit Holz ohne Chemie (Wood preservation. Construction using wood without chemicals). Beuth Verlag, Werner –Verlag, Düsseldorf: 60–83
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  • Herrera L. K., Videla H. A. [2004]: The importance of atmospheric effects on biodeterioration of cultural heritage constructional materials. Elsevier Ltd. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 54: 125–134 Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2004.06.002
  • Hrastnik D., Tišler V. [2006]: Razgradnja lesa zaradi delovanja svetlobe in gama žarkov. (Wood degradation caused by light and gamma-rays). Les 58 [7-8]: 233–236
  • Humar M. [2004]: Zaščita lesa danes – jutri (Protection of wood today – tomorrow). Les 56: 184–189
  • Jirouš-Rajković V., Turkulin H. [2002]: Svojstva drva i prevlake koja utječu na trajnost izloženog drva (Wood and coating properties that affect durability of exterior wood). Drvna industrija 53 [1]: 9–22
  • Jokilehto J. [1986]: A History of Architectural Conservation. D. Phil Thesis. The University of York, Institute of Adv.Arch.Studies, England. [accessed: 2.5.2013]. Available from: www.iccrom.org/pdf/ICCROM05HistoryofConservation00en.pdf
  • Kerr J.S. [2013]: Conservation plan. The seventh edition, Australia ICOMOS. International Council on Monuments and Sites: 1–29
  • Morris P.I. [2013]: Understanding Biodeterioration of Wood in Structures. FP Innovations. Forintek Canada Corp. [accessed: 15.12.2013]. Available from: www.woodworks.org/whywood/durability-adaptability/
  • Piazza M., Tomasi R., Modena R. [2005]: Strutture in legno. Materiale, calcolo e progetto secondo le nuove normative europee (Wooden structures. Material, calculation and design according to the new European regulations). Biblioteca Tecnica Hoepli Milano, Milano: 512–558.
  • Pohleven F., Petrič M. [1992]: Ekološke perspektive zaščite lesa pred škodljivci (Ecological Perspective of wood protection against pests). Nova proizvodnja, NP 3: 94–98
  • Pohleven F. [1994]: Ekološki vidiki zaščite vgrajenega lesa (Ecological aspects of protection of built-in wood). Okolje, Revija za ekološka vprašanja, Slovenski ekološki glasnik, 2 [3/4]: 28–29
  • Pohleven F. [2012]: Ogroženost in zaščita lesnih predmetov in objektov etnološke dediščine (Threats to and protection of wood objects and objects of ethnological heritage). V: A. Motnikar, Jr. (Ed.): Konservator-Restavrator – povzetki strokovnega srečanja. Skupnost muzejev Slovenije, Ljubljana: 70–74
  • Russell J. [2002]: The Conservation of War Memorials. The Building Conservation Directory [accessed: 27.11.2013]. Available from: http://buildingconservation.com /articles/warmemorials/warme/
  • Schmidt O. [2006]: Wood and Tree Fungi, Biology, Damage, Protection, and Use. Springer-Verlag. Berlin Heidelberg: 233–236. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32139-x
  • Torelli N., Čufar K. [1983]: Sorpcija in stabilnost lesa (Sorption and stability of wood) Les 35 [5/6]: 101–106
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  • Wallner E. [2004]: Detajli konstrukcijskih spojev (Details of structural joints). AR arhitektura raziskave 2: 38–43
  • Willeitner H., Peek R.D. [1994]: Holzschutz. Informationen für Bauherren, Architekten und Ingenieure (Wood protection. Information for builders, architects and engineers). Wirtschaftsministerium Baden-Würtemberg, Stuttgart: 1–78
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  • List of standards
  • EN 1995-1-1:2004 Eurocode 5, Design of timber structures – Part 1-1: General – Common rules and rules for buildings. CEN European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
  • EN 335-1:2006 Durability of wood and wood-based products- Definition of use classes – Part 1: General. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels
  • EN 350-2:1994 Durability of wood-based products – Natural durability of solid wood- Part 2: Guide to natural durability and treatability of selected wood species of importance in Europe. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

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