Higher level classification of phyllostomid rats with a summary of DNA synapomorphies

• Autorzy: Baker R.J. , Solari S. , Cirranello A. , Simmoms N.B.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The family Phyllostomidae is recognized as representing the most extensive radiation known in any mammalian family. Creating a Linnaean classification for this clade has been difficult and controversial. In two companion papers, we here propose a revised classification drawing on the strengths of genetic and morphological data and reflecting current ideas regarding phylogenetic relationships within this monophyletic clade. We recognize 11 subfamilies (Macrotinae, Micronycterinae, Desmodontinae, Phyllostominae, Glossophaginae, Lonchorhininae, Lonchophyllinae, Glyphonycterinae, Carolliinae, Rhinophyllinae, and Stenodermatinae), 12 tribes (Diphyllini, Desmodontini, Macrophyllini, Phyllostomini, Vampyrini, Glossophagnini, Brachyphyllini, Choeronycterini, Lonchophyllini, Hsunycterini, Sturnirini, and Stenodermatini), and nine subtribes (Brachyphyllina, Phyllonycterina, Anourina, Choeronycterina, Vampyressina, Enchisthenina, Ectophyllina, Artibeina, and Stenodermatina). The proposed arrangement avoids non-monophyletic associations, only keeping those detected based on analyses of DNA sequence data. We propose that a classification based on the strengths of the most complete morphological and genetic data sets will provide the most robust classification for multiple uses by science and society.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Chiropterologica
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 18
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.1-38,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Baker R.J.

• Department of Biological Sciences and Museum, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA

autor

Solari S.

• Instituto de Biologia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia

autor

Cirranello A.

• Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA

autor

Simmoms N.B.

• Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA

Bibliografia

• 1. Allen , H. 1898a. On the Glossophaginae. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 19: 237–266. Google Scholar
• 2. Allen , H. 1898b. The skull and teeth of Ectophylla alba. Trans actions of the American Philosophical Society, 19: 267–272. Google Scholar
• 3. Almeida , B. , R. L. M. Novaes , M. Aguieiras , R. F. Souza , C. E. L. Esberard , and L. Geise . 2016. Karyotype of three Lon chophylla species (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Comparative Cytogenetics, 10: 109–115. Google Scholar
• 4. Baker , R. J. 1967. Karyotypes of bats of the family Phyllostomidae and their taxonomic implications. Southwestern Naturalist, 12: 407–428. Google Scholar
• 5. Baker , R. J. 1973. Comparative cytogenetics of the New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae). Periodicum Biologorum, 75: 37–45. Google Scholar
• 6. Baker, R. J. 1979. Karyology. Pp. 107–155, in Biology of the bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part III ( R. J. Baker , J. K. Jones, Jr. , and D. C. Carter , eds.). Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University, 16: 1–441. Google Scholar
• 7. Baker , R. J. 1984. A sympatric cryptic species of mammal: a new species of Rhogeessa (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae). Systematic Zoology, 33: 176–183. Google Scholar
• 8. Baker , R. J. , and R. A. Bass . 1979. Evolutionary relationship of the Brachyphyllinae to Glossophaginae genera Glosso phaga and Monophyllus. Journal of Mammalogy 60: 364–372. Google Scholar
• 9. Baker , R. J. , and J. W. Bickham . 1980. Karyotypic evolution in bats: Evidence of extensive and conservative chromosomal evolution in closely related taxa. Systematic Zoology 29: 239–253. Google Scholar
• 10. Baker , R. J. , and W. J. Bleier . 1971. Karyotypes of bats of the subfamily Carolliinae (Mammalia; Phyllostomatidae) and their evolutionary implications. Experientia, 27: 220–222. Google Scholar
• 11. Baker , R. J. , and R. D. Bradley . 2006. Speciation in mammals and the genetic species concept. Journal of Mammalogy, 87: 643–662. Google Scholar
• 12. Baker , R. J. , and T. C. Hsu . 1970. Further studies on the sexchromosome systems of the American leaf-nosed bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Cytogenetics, 9: 131–138. Google Scholar
• 13. Baker , R. J. , and G. Lopez . 1970. Karyotypic studies of the insular populations of bats on Puerto Rico. Caryologia, 23: 465–472. Google Scholar
• 14. Baker , R. J. , A. L. Gardner , and J. L. Patton . 1972. Chromosomal polymorphism in the Phyllostomatid bat, Mimon crenulatum (Geoffroy). Experientia, 28: 969–970. Google Scholar
• 15. Baker , R. J. , H. H. Genoways , W. J. Bleier , and J. W. Warner . 1973. Cytotypes and morphometrics of two phyllostomatid bats, Micronycteris hirsuta and Vampyressa pusilla. Occasional Papers of the Museum, Texas Tech University, 17: 1–10. Google Scholar
• 16. Baker , R. J. , R. A. Bass , and M. A. Johnson . 1979. Evolutionary implications of chromosomal homology in four genera of Stenodermine bats (Phyllostomidae: Chiroptera). Evolution, 33: 220–226. Google Scholar
• 17. Baker , R. J. , H. H. Genoways , and P. A. Seyfarth . 1981. Results of the Alcoa Foundation-Suriname Expeditions. VI. Additional chromosomal data for bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Annals of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 50: 333–344. Google Scholar
• 18. Baker , R. J. , M. Haiduk , L. W. Robbins , A. Cadena , and B. Koop . 1982. Chromosomal studies of South American bats and their systematic implications. Pp. 303–327, in Mammalian Biology in South America. ( M. A. Mares and H. H. Genoways , eds.). The Pymatuning Symposia in Ecology, 6. Special Publications Series, Pymatuning Laboratory of Ecology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, xii + 539 pp. Google Scholar
• 19. Baker , R. J. , R. L. Honeycutt , and R. K. Bass . 1988. Genetics. Pp. 31–40, in Natural history of vampire bats ( U. Schmidt and A. Greenhall , eds.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 246 pp. Google Scholar
• 20. Baker , R. J. , C. S. Hood , and R. L. Honeycutt . 1989. Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the higher categories of the New World bat family Phyllostomidae. Systematic Zoology, 38: 228–238. Google Scholar
• 21. Baker, R. J. , C. J. Phillips , R. D. Bradley , J. M. Burns , D. Cooke , G. F. Edson , D. R. Haragan , C. Jones , R. R. Monk , J. T. Montford , et al. 1998. Bioinformatics, museums and society: Integrating biological data for knowledgebased decisions. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 187: i + 1–4. Google Scholar
• 22. Baker , R. J. , C. A. Porter , J. C. Patton , and R. A. Van Den Bussche . 2000. Systematics of bats of the family Phyllostomidae based on RAG2 DNA sequences. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 202: 1–16. Google Scholar
• 23. Baker , R. J. , S. R. Hoofer , C. A. Porter , and R. A. Van Den Bussche . 2003. Diversification among New World leafnosed bats: an evolutionary hypothesis and classification inferred from digenomic congruence of DNA sequence. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 230: 1–32. Google Scholar
• 24. Baker , R. J. , O. R. P. Bininda-Emonds , H. Mantilla-Meluk , C. A. Porter , and R. A. Van Den Bussche . 2012. Molecular timescale of diversification of feeding strategy and morphology in New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae): a phylogenetic perspective. Pp. 385–409, in Evolutionary history of bats: fossils, molecules and morphology ( G. F. Gunnell and N. B. Simmons , eds.). Cambridge Studies in Molecules and Morphology — New Evolutionary Paradigms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, xii + 560 pp. Google Scholar
• 25. Barros , H. M. D. R. , C. G. Sotero-Caio , and N. Santos . 2009. Comparative cytogenetic analysis between Lonchorhina aurita and Trachops cirrhosus (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae). Genetics and Molecular Biology, 32: 748–752. Google Scholar
• 26. Botero-Castro , F. , M. Tilak , F. Justy , F. Catzeflis , F. Delsuc , and E. J. P. Douzery . 2013. Next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic signal of complete mitochondrial genomes for resolving the evolutionary history of leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 69: 728–739. Google Scholar
• 27. Cadena , A. , and R. J. Baker . 1976. Cariotipos de los murcielagos vampiros (Chiroptera: Desmodinae). Caldasia, 11: 159–163. Google Scholar
• 28. Carson , H. L. , and J. S. Yoon . 1982. Genetics and evolution of Hawaiian Drosophila. Pp. 297–344, in The genetics and biology of Drosophila ( M. Ashburner , H. L. Carson , and J. N. Thompson , eds.). Academic Press, New York, NY, 548 pp. Google Scholar
• 29. Carson , H. L. , J. Tonzetich , and L. T. Doescher . 1992. Polythene chromosome maps for Hawaiian Drosophila. Pp. 441–453, in Drosophila inversion polymorphism ( C. Krimbas and J. R. Powell , eds.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 576 pp. Google Scholar
• 30. Carstens , B. C. , B. L. Lundrigan , and P. Myers . 2002. A phylogeny of the Neotropical nectar-feeding bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) based on morphological and molecular data. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 9: 23–53. Google Scholar
• 31. Cirranello , A. , N. B. Simmons , S. Solari , and R. J. Baker . 2016. Morphological diagnoses of higher-level phyllostomid taxa (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Acta Chiropterologica, 18: 39–71. Google Scholar
• 32. Datzmann , T. , O. Von Helversen , and F. Mayer . 2010. Evolution of nectarivory in phyllostomid bats (Phyllostomidae Gray, 1825, Chiroptera: Mammalia). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 10: 165. Google Scholar
• 33. Davalos , L. M. , A. W. Cirranello , J. H. Geisler , and N. B. Simmons . 2012. Understanding phylogenetic incongruence: lessons from phyllostomid bats. Biological Reviews, 87: 991–1024. Google Scholar
• 34. Davalos , L. M. , P. M. Velazco , O. M. Warsi , P. D. Smits , and N. B. Simmons . 2014. Integrating incomplete fossils by isolating conflicting signal in saturated and non-independent morphological characters. Systematic Biology, 63: 582–600. Google Scholar
• 35. Dumont , E. R. 2004. Patterns of diversity in cranial shape among plant-visiting bats. Acta Chiropterologica, 6: 59–74. Google Scholar
• 36. Dumont , E. R. , L. M. Davalos , A. Goldberg , S. E. Santana , K. Rex , and C. C. Voigt . 2012. Morphological innovation, diversification and invasion of a new adaptive zone. Proceedings of the Royal Society, 279B: 1797–1805. Google Scholar
• 37. Ferguson-Smith , M. A. , and V. Trifonov . 2007. Mammalian karyotype evolution. Nature Reviews Genetics, 8: 950–962. Google Scholar
• 38. Ferrarezi , H. , and E. D. A. Gimenez . 1996. Systematic patterns and the evolution of feeding habits in Chiroptera (Archonta: Mammalia). Journal of Comparative Biology, 1: 75–94. Google Scholar
• 39. Fischman , J. 1996. Bioinformatics: working the web with a virtual lab and some Java. Science, 273: 591. Google Scholar
• 40. Freeman , P. W. 2000. Macroevolution in Microchiroptera: recoupling morphology and ecology with phylogeny. Evolution ary Ecology Research, 2: 317–335. Google Scholar
• 41. Gardner, A. L. 1977a. Feeding habits. Pp. 293–350 in Biology of the bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part II ( R. J. Baker , J. K. Jones, Jr. , and D. C. Carter , eds.). Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University, 13: 1–364. Google Scholar
• 42. Gardner , A. L. 1977b. Chromosomal variation in Vampyressa and a review of chromosomal evolution in the Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera). Systematic Zoology, 26: 300–318. Google Scholar
• 43. Gardner, A. L. (ed.). 2008. Mammals of South America, Volume 1. Marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews, and bats. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, xx + 669 pp. Google Scholar
• 44. Gardner , A. L. , and C. S. Ferrell . 1990. Comments on the nomenclature of some Neotropical bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 103: 501–508. Google Scholar
• 45. Gervais , M. P. 1856. Chéiroptères sud-américains. Pp 25–28, in Animaux nouveaux ou rares de l'Amerique du Sud. Mammifères ( F. Casttlenau , ed.). Chez P. Bertrand, Paris, 116 pp + 20 plates. Google Scholar
• 46. Gomes , A. J. B. , C. Y. Nagamachi , L. R. R. Rodrigues , S. G. Farias , J. D. Rissino , and J. C. Pieczarka . 2012. Karyotypic variation in Rhinophylla pumilio Peters, 1865 and comparative analysis with representatives of two subfamilies of Phyllostomidae (Chiroptera). Comparative Cytogenetics, 6: 213–225. Google Scholar
• 47. Grace , J. B. 1997. Bioinformatics: mathematical challenges and ecology. Science, 275: 1861. Google Scholar
• 48. Gray , J. E. 1866. Revision of the genera of Phyllostomidae, or leaf nosed bats. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 34: 111–118. Google Scholar
• 49. Greenbaum , I. F. , R. J. Baker , and D. E. Wilson . 1975. Evolutionary implications of the karyotypes of the Stenodermine genera Ardops, Ariteus, Phyllops, and Ectophylla. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 74: 156–159. Google Scholar
• 50. Gregorin , R , and A. D. Ditchfield . 2005. New genus and species of nectar-feeding bat in the tribe Lonchophyllini (Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae) from northeastern Brazil. Journal of Mammalogy, 86: 403–414. Google Scholar
• 51. Griffiths , T. A. 1982. Systematics of the New World nectarfeeding bats (Mammalia, Phyllostomidae), based on the morphology of the hyoid and lingual regions. American Museum Novitates, 2742: 1–45. Google Scholar
• 52. Haiduk , M. W. , and R. J. Baker . 1982. Cladistical analysis of the G-banded chromosomes of nectar-feeding bats. (Glossophaginae: Phyllostomidae). Systematic Zoology, 31: 252–265. Google Scholar
• 53. Hoffmann , F. G. , and R. J. Baker . 2003. Comparative phylogeography of short-tailed bats (Carollia: Phyllostomidae). Molecular Ecology, 12: 3403–3414. Google Scholar
• 54. Hoffmann , F. G. , S. R. Hoofer , and R. J. Baker . 2008. Molecular dating of the diversification of Phyllostominae bats based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 49: 653–658. Google Scholar
• 55. Honacki, J. H. , K. E. Kinman , and J. W. Koeppl (eds.). 1982. Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas, 694 pp. Google Scholar
• 56. Honeycutt , R. L. , R. J. Baker , and H. H. Genoways . 1980. Results of the Alcoa Foundation-Suriname Expeditions III. Chromosomal data for bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 49: 237–250. Google Scholar
• 57. Hoofer , S. R. , and R. J. Baker . 2006. Molecular systematics of Vampyressine bats (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae) with comparison of direct and indirect surveys of mitochondrial DNA variation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 39: 424–438. Google Scholar
• 58. Hoofer, S. R. , and R. A. Van Den Bussche . 2003. Molecular phylogenetics of the chiropteran family Vespertilionidae. Acta Chiropterologica, 5 (Suppl.): 1–63. Google Scholar
• 59. Hoofer , S. R. , S. Solari , P. A. Larsen , R. D. Bradley , and R. J. Baker . 2008. Phylogenetics of the fruit-eating bats (Phyllostomidae: Artibeina) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 277: 1–15. Google Scholar
• 60. Hsu , T. C. , R. J. Baker , and T. Utakoji . 1968. The multiple sex chromosome system of American leaf-nosed bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae). Cytogenetics, 7: 27–38. Google Scholar
• 61. Hurtado , N. , and V. Pacheco . 2014. Análisis filogenético del género Mimon Gray, 1847 (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) con la descripción de un nuevo género. Therya, 5: 751–791. Google Scholar
• 62. ICZN [International Commission of Zoological nomenclature]. 1985. The International Code of Zoological No menclature, 3rd edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxiv + 338 pp. Google Scholar
• 63. ICZN [International Commission of Zoological nomenclature]. 1999. The International Code of Zoological No menclature, 4th edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 316 pp. Google Scholar
• 64. Jones , K. E. , A. Purvis , A. Maclarnon , O. R. P. Binindaedmonds , and N. B. Simmons . 2002. A phylogenetic supertree of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Biological Review, 77: 223–259. Google Scholar
• 65. Koopman , K. F. 1993. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 137–241, in Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, 2nd edition ( D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder , eds.). Smith sonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 1206 pp. Google Scholar
• 66. Koopman , K. F. 1994. Order Chiroptera: Systematics. Handbook of Zoology, Volume 8, Part 60: Mammalia. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany, vii + 224 pp. Google Scholar
• 67. Larsen , P. A. , M. R. Marchan-Rivadeneira , and R. J. Baker . 2010. Taxonomic status of Andersen's fruit-eating bat (Artibeus jamaicensis aequatorialis) and revised classification of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Zootaxa, 2648: 45–60. Google Scholar
• 68. Larsen , P. A. , L. Siles , S. C. Pedersen , and G. C. Kwiecinski . 2011. A new species of Micronycteris (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Saint Vincent, Lesser Antilles. Mammalian Biology, 76: 687–700. Google Scholar
• 69. Lee , T. E. , Jr. , S. R. Hoofer , and R. A. Van Den Bussche . 2002. Molecular phylogenetics and systematic revision of the genus Tonatia (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Journal of Mammalogy, 83: 49–57. Google Scholar
• 70. Lemeunier , F. , and M. Ashburner . 1976. Relationships within the melanogaster species subgroup of the genus Drosophila (Sophophora). II. Phylogenetic relationships between six species based upon polythene chromosome banding sequences. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 193B: 275–294. Google Scholar
• 71. Lim , B. K. 1993. Cladistic reappraisal of Neotropical stenodermatine bat phylogeny. Cladistics, 9: 147–165. Google Scholar
• 72. Maddison, W. P. , and D. R. Maddison . 2011. Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis. Version 2.75. Available at http://mesquiteproject.org. Google Scholar
• 73. Mantilla-Meluk , H. 2014. Defining species and species boundaries in Uroderma (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with a description of a new species. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 325: 1–25. Google Scholar
• 74. McKenna , M. C. , and S. K. Bell . 1997. Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, NY, 631 pp. Google Scholar
• 75. Meredith , R. W. , J. E. Janečka , J. Gatesy , O. A. Ryder , C. A. Fisher , E. C. Teeling , A. Goodbla , E. Eizirik , T. L. L. Simao , T. Stadler , et al. 2011. Impacts of the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution and KPg extinction on mammal diversification. Science, 334: 521–524. Google Scholar
• 76. Miller , G. S. , Jr . 1907. The families and genera of bats. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 57: 1–282. Google Scholar
• 77. Miller-Butterworth , C. M. , W. J. Murphy , S. J. O'Brien , D. S. Jacobs , M. S. Springer , and E. C. Teeling . 2007. A family matter: conclusive resolution of the taxonomic position of the long-fingered bats, Miniopterus. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24: 1553–1561. Google Scholar
• 78. Monteiro , L. R. , and M. R. Nogueira . 2011. Evolutionary patterns and processes in the radiation of phyllostomid bats. BMC Evolutionary Biology, 11: 137. Google Scholar
• 79. Nogueira , M. R. , I. P. Lima , A. L. Peracchi , and N. B. Simmons . 2012. New genus and species of nectar-feeding bat from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae). American Museum Novitates, 3747: 1–32. Google Scholar
• 80. Noronha , R. C. R. , C. Y. Nagamachi , P. C. M. O'Brien , M. A. Ferguson-Smith , and J. C. Pieczarka . 2010. Meiotic analysis of XX/XY and neo-XX/XY sex chromosomes in Phyllostomidae by cross-species chromosome painting revealing a common chromosome 15-XY rearrangement in Stenodermatinae. Chromosome Research, 18: 667–676. Google Scholar
• 81. Ochoa , J. G. , and J. H. Sanchez . 2005. Taxonomic status of Micronycteris homezi (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). Mammalia, 69: 323–335. Google Scholar
• 82. O'Leary , M. A. , J. I. Bloch , J. J. Flynn , T. J. Gaudin , A. Giallombardo , N. P. Giannini , S. L. Goldberg , B. P. Kraatz , Z. Luo , J. Meng , et al. 2013. The placental mammal ancestor and the Post-K-Pg radiation of placentals. Science, 339: 662–667. Google Scholar
• 83. Owen , R. D. 1987. Phylogenetic analyses of the bat subfamily Stenodermatinae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University, 26: 1–65. Google Scholar
• 84. Parish , D. A. , P. Vise , H. A. Wichman , J. J. Bull , and R. J. Baker . 2002. Distribution of LINEs and other repetitive elements in the karyotype of the bat Carollia: implications for X-chromosome inactivation. Cytogenetic and Genome Re search, 96: 191–197. Google Scholar
• 85. Parlos , J. A. , R. M. Timm , V. J. Swier , H. Zeballos , and R. J. Baker . 2014. Evaluation of paraphyletic assemblages within Lonchophyllinae, with description of a new tribe and ge nus. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 320: 1–23. Google Scholar
• 86. Patton , J. C. 1976. Evolutionary implication of the G-banded and C-banded karyotypes of Phyllostomatoid bats. Unpublished M.S. Thesis, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, vi + 349 pp. Google Scholar
• 87. Patton , J. C. , and R. J. Baker . 1978. Chromosomal homology and evolution of phyllostomatoid bats. Systematic Zoology, 27: 449–462. Google Scholar
• 88. Patton , J. L. , and A. L. Gardner . 1971. Parallel evolution of multiple sex-chromosome systems in the phyllostomatid bats, Carollia and Choeroniscus. Experientia, 27: 105–106. Google Scholar
• 89. Pauly , G. B. , D. M. Hillis , and D. C. Cannatella . 2009. Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names. Herpetologica, 65: 115–128. Google Scholar
• 90. Phillip , C. D. , and R. J. Baker . 2015. Secretory genes recruitments in vampire bat salivary adaptation and potential convergence with sanguivorous leeches. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 3: 122. Google Scholar
• 91. Phillips , C. J. 2000. A theoretical consideration of dental morphology, ontogeny, and evolution in bats. Pp. 247–274, in Ontogeny, functional ecology, and evolution of bats ( R. A. Adams and S. C. Pedersen , eds.). Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 398 pp. Google Scholar
• 92. Pieczarka J. C. , C. Y. Nagamachi , P. C. M. O'Brien , F. Yang , W. Rens , R. M. S. Barros , R. C. R. Noronha , E. H. C. O. Rissino , and M. A. Ferguson-Smith . 2005. Reciprocal chromosome painting between two South American bats: Carollia brevicauda and Phyllostomus hastatus (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera). Chromosome Research, 13: 339–347. Google Scholar
• 93. Pieczarka , J. C. , A. J. B. Gomes , C. Y. Nagamachi , D. C. C. Rocha , J. D. Rissino , P. C. M. O'Brien , F. Yang , and M. A. Ferguson-Smith . 2013. A phylogenetic analysis using multidirectional chromosome painting of three species (Uroderma magnirostrum, U. bilobatum and Artibeus obscurus) of subfamily Stenodermatinae (Chiroptera-Phyllo stomidae). Chromosome Research, 21: 383–392. Google Scholar
• 94. Porter , C. A. , S. R. Hoofer , C. A. Cline , F. G. Hoffmann , and R. J. Baker . 2007. Molecular phylogenetics of the phyllostomid bat genus Micronycteris with descriptions of two new subgenera. Journal of Mammalogy, 88: 1205–1215. Google Scholar
• 95. Posada , D. 2008. jModelTest: Phylogenetic model averaging. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 25: 1253–1256. Google Scholar
• 96. Ribas , T. F. A , L. R. R. Rodrigues , C. Y. Nagamachi , A. J. B. Gomes , T. C. M. Benathar , P. C. M. O'Brien , F. Yang , M. A. Ferguson-Smith , and J. C. Pieczarka . 2013. Two new cytotypes reinforce that Micronycteris hirsuta Peters, 1869 does not represent a monotypic taxon. BMC Genetics, 14: 119. Google Scholar
• 97. Ribas , T. F. A. , L. R. R. Rodrigues , C. Y. Nagamachi , A. J. B. Gomes , J. D. D. Rissino , P. C. M. O'Brien , F. Yang , M. A. Ferguson-Smith , and J. C. Pieczarka . 2015. Phylogenetic reconstruction by cross-species chromosome painting and G-banding in four species of Phyllostomini tribe (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in the Brazilian Amazon: an independent evidence for monophyly. PLoS ONE, 10: e0122845. Google Scholar
• 98. Ribeiro , N. A. B. , C. Y. Nagamachi , J. C. Pieczarka , J. D. Rissino , A. C. B. Neves , A. C. O. Gonalves , S. Marquesaguiar , M. F. L. Assis , and R. M. S. Barros . 2003. Cytogenetic analysis in species of the subfamily Glossophaginae (Phyllostomidae-Chiroptera) supports a polyphyletic origin. Caryologia, 56: 85–95. Google Scholar
• 99. Rojas , D. , A. Vale , V. Ferrero , and L. Navarro . 2011. When did plants become important to leaf-nosed bats? Diversification of feeding habits in the family Phyllostomidae. Molecular Ecology, 20: 2217–228. Google Scholar
• 100. Rojas, D. , O. M. Warsi , and L. M. Davalos . In press. Bats (Chiroptera: Noctilionoidea) challenge a recent origin of extant Neotropical diversity. Systematic Biology. Google Scholar
• 101. Ronquist , F. , M. Teslenko , P. Van Der Mark , D. L. Ayres , A. Darling , S. Hohna , B. Larget , L. Liu , M. A. Suchard , and J. P. Huelsenbeck . 2012. MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Systematic Biology, 61: 539–542. Google Scholar
• 102. Sanborn , C. C. 1949. Bats of the genus Micronycteris and its subgenera. Fieldiana Zoology, 31: 215–33. Google Scholar
• 103. Siles , L. , D. M. Brooks , H. Aranibar , T. Tarifa , R. J. Vargas M. , J. M. Rojas , and R. J. Baker . 2013. A new species of Micronycteris (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Bolivia. Journal of Mammalogy, 94: 881–896. Google Scholar
• 104. Simmons , N. B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312–529, in Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd edition ( D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder , eds.). The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, xvii + 2142 pp. Google Scholar
• 105. Simmons , N. B. , and R. S. Voss . 1998. The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana: a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna, Part 1. Bats. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 237: 1–219. Google Scholar
• 106. Simpson , G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1–350. Google Scholar
• 107. Smith, J. D. 1976. Chiropteran evolution. Pp. 49–69, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I ( R. J. Baker , J. K. Jones, Jr. , and D. C. Carter , eds.). Special Publications, Museum of Texas Tech University, 10: 1–218. Google Scholar
• 108. Smith , J. D. , and C. S. Hood . 1984. Genealogy of the New World nectar-feeding bats revisited: a reply to Griffiths. Systematic Zoology, 33: 435–460. Google Scholar
• 109. Solari , S. 2008. Mistakes in the formation of species-group names for Neotropical bats: Micronycteris and Sturnira (Phyllostomidae). Acta Chiropterologica, 10: 380–382. Google Scholar
• 110. Solari , S. , and R. J. Baker . 2006. Mitochondrial DNA sequence, karyotypic, and morphological variation in the Carollia castanea species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with description of a new species. Occasional Papers, Muse um of Texas Tech University, 254: 1–16. Google Scholar
• 111. Solari , S. , and V. Martinez-Arias . 2014. Cambios recientes en la sistematica y taxonomia de murcielagos Neotropicales (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Therya, 5: 167–196. Google Scholar
• 112. Solari , S. , S. R. Hoofer , P. A. Larsen , A. D. Brown , R. J. Bull , J. A. Guerrero , J. Ortega , J. P. Carrera , R. D. Brad Ley , and R. J. Baker . 2009. Operational criteria for genetically defined species: analysis of the diversification of the small fruit-eating bats, Dermanura (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). Acta Chiropterologica, 11: 279–288. Google Scholar
• 113. Solmsen , E. H. 1998. New World nectar-feeding bats: biology, morphology and craniometric approach to systematics. Bonner zoologische Monographien, 44: 1–118. Google Scholar
• 114. Sotero-Caio , C. G. , J. C. Pieczarka , C. Y. Nagamachi , A. J. B. Gomes , T. C. Lira , P. C. M. O'Brien , M. A. Fergusonsmith , M. J. Souza , and N. Santos . 2011. Chromosomal homologies among vampire bats revealed by chromosome painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera). Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 132: 156–164. Google Scholar
• 115. Sotero-Caio , C. G. , M. Volleth , L. S. Gollahon , B. Fu , W. Cheng , B. L. Ng , F. Yang , and R. J. Baker . 2013. Chromosomal evolution among leaf-nosed nectarivorous bats — evidence from cross-species chromosome painting (Phyllostomidae, Chiroptera). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 13: 276. Google Scholar
• 116. Sotero-Caio , C. G. , M. Volleth , F. G. Hoffmann , L. A. Scott , H. A. Wichman , F. Yang , and R. J. Baker . 2015. Integration of molecular cytogenetics, dated molecular phylogeny, and model-based predictions to understand the extreme chromosome reorganization in the Neotropical genus Tonatia (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). BMC Evolutionary Biology, 15: 220. Google Scholar
• 117. Stock , A. D. 1975. Chromosome banding pattern homology and its phylogenetic implications in the bat genera Carollia and Choeroniscus. Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics, 14: 34–41. Google Scholar
• 118. Tavares , V. C. , A. L. Gardner , H. E. Ramirez-Chaves , and P. M. Velazco . 2014. Systematics of Vampyressa melissa Thomas, 1926 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with description of two new species of Vampyressa. American Museum Novitates, 3813: 1–27. Google Scholar
• 119. Teeling , E. C. , M. S. Springer , O. Madsen , P. Bates , S. J. O'Brien , and W. J. Murphy . 2005. A molecular phylogeny for bats illuminates biogeography and the fossil record. Science, 307: 580–584. Google Scholar
• 120. Telenius , H. , B. A. J. Ponder , A. Tunnacliffe , A. H. Pelmear , N. P. Carter , M. A. Ferguson-Smith , A. Behmel , M. Nor Den Skjold , and R. Pfragner . 1992. Cytogenetic analysis by chromosome painting using dop-pcr amplified flow-sorted chromosomes. Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer, 4: 257–263. Google Scholar
• 121. Tucker , P. K. 1986. Sex chromosome-autosome translocations in the leaf-nosed bats, family Phyllostomidae. I. Mitotic analyses of the subfamilies Stenodermatinae and Phyllostominae. Cytogenetic Cell Genetics, 43: 19–27. Google Scholar
• 122. Van Den Bussche , R. A. 1992. Restriction-site variation and molecular systematics of New World leaf-nosed bats. Journal of Mammalogy, 73: 29–42. Google Scholar
• 123. Van Den Bussche , R. A. , and S. R. Hoofer . 2004. Phylogenetic relationships among recent chiropteran families and the importance of choosing appropriate out-group taxa. Journal of Mammalogy, 85: 321–330. Google Scholar
• 124. Velazco , P. M. , and B. K. Lim . 2014. A new species of broadnosed bat Platyrrhinus Saussure, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from the Guianan Shield. Zootaxa, 3796: 175–193. Google Scholar
• 125. Velazco , P. M. , and B. D. Patterson . 2013. Diversification of the yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae), in the New World Neotropics. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 68: 683–698. Google Scholar
• 126. Velazco , P. M. and B. D. Patterson . 2014. Two new species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira Gray, 1842 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Costa Rica, Panama and western Ecuador. ZooKeys, 402: 43–66. Google Scholar
• 127. Velazco , P. M. , and N. B. Simmons . 2011. Systematics and taxonomy of great striped-faced bats of the genus Vampyrodes Thomas, 1900 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). American Museum Novitates, 3710: 1–35. Google Scholar
• 128. Velazco , P. M. , A. L. Gardner , and B. D. Patterson . 2010. Systematics of the Platyrrhinus helleri species complex (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), with description of two new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 159: 785–812. Google Scholar
• 129. Volleth , M. , C. Klett , A. Kollak , C. Dixkens , Y. Winter , W. Just , W. Vogel , and H. Hameister . 1999. ZOO-FISH analysis in a species of the order Chiroptera: Glossophaga soricina (Phyllostomidae). Chromosome Research, 7: 57–64. Google Scholar
• 130. Warner , R. M. 1983. Karyotypic megaevolution and phylogenetic analysis: New World nectar-feeding bats revisited. Systematic Zoology, 32: 279–282. Google Scholar
• 131. Wasserman , M. 1982. Evolution of the repleta group. Pp. 61–139, in The genetics and biology of Drosophila ( M. Ashburner , H. L. Carson , and J. N. Thompson , eds.). Academic Press, New York, NY, 548 pp. Google Scholar
• 132. Wetterer , A. L. , M. V. Rockman , and N. B. Simmons . 2000. Phylogeny of phyllostomid bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera): data from diverse morphological systems, sex chromosomes, and restriction sites. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 248: 1–200. Google Scholar
• 133. Wilson, D. E , and D. M. Reeder (eds.). 1993. Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, 2nd edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 1206 pp. Google Scholar
• 134. Wilson, D. E , and D. M. Reeder (eds.). 2005. Mammal species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference, 3rd edition. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, xvii + 2142 pp. Google Scholar
• 135. Wright , A. J. , R. A. Van Den Bussche , B. K. Lim , M. D. Engstrom , and R. J. Baker . 1999. Systematics of the genera Carollia and Rhinophylla based on the cytochrome-b gene. Journal of Mammalogy, 80: 1202–1213. Google Scholar
• 136. Zurc , D. , and P. M. Velazco . 2010. Análisis morfológico y morfométrico de Carollia colombiana Cuartas et al. 2001 y C. monohernandezi Muñoz et al. 2004 (Phyllostomidae: Carolliinae) en Colombia. Chiroptera Neotropical, 16: 567–572. Google Scholar

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.3161/15081109ACC2016.18.1.001