Pathogenicity and ultrastructural studies of mode of penetration by Phoma strasseri in peppermint stems and rhizomes

• Autorzy: Zimowska B.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Pathogenicity and ultrastructural investigation of the inoculation of peppermint stems and rhizomes with Phoma strasseri conidia was undertaken using scanning and transmission electron microscopy to examine the host-parasite relationship. Pathogenicity experiments demonstrated that all tested P. strasseri isolates had infected the stems and rhizomes of peppermint. Of all inoculation methods, direct placement of colonized agar plugs on damaged epidermis and soaking stems and rhizomes in conidial suspension were the most e#ective. !e behavior of the conidia deposited on the stems and rhizomes was investigated at different time intervals after inoculation: 6, 16, 24, 36 and 48 h. Conidia produced an appressorium directly at the end of a short germ tube. Appressoria were formed over the cuticle, but never over stomata. Direct penetration to host tissue through the cuticle was observed. The spore and hyphae were covered with a mucilaginous sheath.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

plant disease; pathogenicity; ultrastructure; penetration; Phoma strasseri; peppermint; stem; rhizome; black stem; infection process; Mentha piperita; disease symptom

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Microbiology
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 61
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.273-279,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Zimowska B.

• Department of Plant Pathology and Mycology, University of Life Sciences, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland

Bibliografia

• Ammon V. and S.R. Vann. 1994. Scanning electron microscopy of sycamore pathogens on inoculated leaves. Tech. Bull. Miss. Agric. For. Exp. Station 196: 6.
• Boerema G.H. and G.J. Bollen. 1975. Conidiogenesis and conidial septation as differentiating criteria between Phoma and Ascochyta. Persoonia 8: 111–144.
• Boerema G.H., J. De Gruyter, M.E. Noordeloos and M.E.C. Hamers. 2004. Phoma identification manual. Di"erentiation of specific and infra-specific taxa in culture. CABI Publising., 470 pp.
• Bonnen A.M. and R. Hammerschmidt. 1989. Cutinolytic enzymes from Colletotrichum lagenarium. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 35: 463–474.
• Büsgen M. 1893. On some properties of the sporelings of parasitic fungi. Bot. Z. 51: 53–72.
• De Gruyter J. and M.E. Noordeloos. 1992. Contributions towards a monograph of Phoma (Coelomycetes) – I. 1. Section Phoma: Taxa with very small conidia in vitro. Persoonia 15: 71–92.
• De Gruyter J., G.H. Boerema and A. Van der Aa. 2002. Contributions towards a monograph of Phoma (Coelomycetes) VI–2. Section Phyllostictoides: Outline of its taxa. Persoonia 18: 1–53.
• Dickman M.B., S.S. Patil and P.B. Kolattukudy. 1982. Purification and characterization and role in infection of an extracellular cutinolytic enzyme from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on Carica papaya. Physiol. Plant Pathol., 20: 333–347.
• Farr D.F., G.F. Bills, P.G. Chamurius and Y.A. Rossman. 1995. Fungi on plants and plant products in the United States. American Phytopath. Society.
• Garibaldi A., G. Gilardi and M.L. Gullino. 2010. First report of leaf spot caused by Phoma multirostrata on Fuchsia x hybrida in Italy. Plant Dis. 94, 3: 382.
• Giebel J. and U. Dopierała. 2004. Pathogenesis of potato gangrene caused by Phoma exigua var. foveata: II. Activities of some hydrolases and dehydrogenases. J. Phytopathol. 152, 7: 399–403.
• Hammond K.E., B.J. Lewis and T.M. Musa. 1985. A systemic pathway in the infection of oilseed rape by Leptosphaeria maculans. Plant Pathol. 34: 557–565.
• Heath M.C. and R.K.S. Wood. 1969. Leaf spots induced by Ascochyta pisi and Mycosphaerella pinnodes. Ann. Bot. 33: 657–670.
• Horner C.E. 1971. Rhizome and stem rot of peppermint caused by Phoma strasseri. Plant Disease Reporter, 55: 814–816.
• Isaac S. 1992. Fungal-Plant Interactions. Chapman and Hall, London. Kalra A., H.B. Singh, R. Pandey, A. Samad, N.K. Patra and S. Kumar. 2004. Diseases in mint: causal organisms, distribution and control measures. J. of Herbs, Species & Medicinal Plants 11: 71–91.
• Kerchung K. and H.C. Hoch. 1995. Visualization of the extracellular matrix surrounding pycnidiospores, germlings and appressoria of Phylosticta amplicida. Mycologia 87: 759–771.
• Koike S.T., K.V. Subbarao, G.J.M. Verkley, D. Fogle and T.M. O’Neill. 2006. Phoma basal rot of romaine lettuce in California caused by Phoma exigua: Occurrence, characterization and control. Plant Dis. 90: 1268–1275.
• Kulik M.M. 1988. Observation by scanning electron and brightfield microscopy on the mode of penetration of soybean seedlings by Phomopsis phaseoli. Plant Dis. 72: 115–118.
• Maurin N., J.P. Gouuret and B. Tivoli. 1993. Histopathology of the interaction between Ascochyta fabae and Vicia fabae: Comparsion of susceptible and resistant reactions. Agronomie 13: 921–927.
• Melouk H.A. and C.E. Horner. 1972a. Production of pectolytic and macerating enzyme by Phoma strasseri. Can. J. Microbiol. 18: 1065–1072.
• Melouk H.A. and C.E. Horner. 1972b. Growth in culture and pathogenicity of Phoma strasseri to peppermint. Phytopathology, 62: 575–576.
• Paizs L. and F. Naggy. 1975. Phoma strasseri: A new pathogen of mint in Hungary. Herba Hungarica, 14: 65–75.
• Pandey B.K., U.S. Singh and S.H. Chaube. 1987. Mode of infection of Ascochyta blight of chickpea caused by Ascochyta rabiei. J. Phytopathol., 119: 88–93.
• Roustaee A., G. Dechamp-Guillaume, B. Gelie, C. Savy, R. Dargent and G. Barrault. 2000. Ultrastructural studies of the mode of penetration by Phoma macdonaldii in sun[ower seedlings. Phyto-pathology 90: 915–920.
• Snedecor G.W. and G.W. Cochran. 1982. Statistical Methods. The Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa, 122 pp.
• Sock J. and H.H. Hoppe. 1999. Pathogenicity of sirodesmin-deficient mutants of Phoma lingam. J. Phytopathol. 147: 169–173.
• Zimowska B. 2004. Studies on the pathogenicity of Seimatosporium hypericinum (Ces.) Sutton for the leaves, stems and seeds of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.). Herba Pol., 50: 145–151.
• Zimowska B. 2007. Fungi colonizing and damaging different parts of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) cultivated in South-Eastern Poland. Herba Pol. 53 (4): 97–105.
• Zimowska B. 2011. Biotic activity of Phoma strasseri and the effect of thermal conditions on the growth and formation of the pathogens infectious material. Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 10, 3: 213–224.
• Zimowska B. 2011b. Conidiogenesis of Phoma strasseri the fungus responsible for black stem and rhizomes rot in peppermint (Mentha piperita). Acta Sci. Pol. Hortorum Cultus, 10, 4: 171–178.
• Zimowska B. and Machowicz-Stefaniak Z. 2005. Charakterystyka izolatów Phoma strasseri nie notowanego w Polsce patogena miety pieprzowej (Mentha piperita L.). [Characteristics of Phoma strasseri isolates not reported in Poland pathogen of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)]. Acta Agrobot. 58 (2): 151–162