Immune dysfunction and neuroinflammation in autism spectrum disorder

• Autorzy: Bjorklund G. , Saad K. , Chirumbolo S. , Kern J.K. , Geier D.A. , Geier M.R. , Urbina M.A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with a complex pathogenesis. Many studies over the last four decades have recognized altered immune responses among individuals diagnosed with ASD. The purpose of this critical and comprehensive review is to examine the hypothesis that immune dysfunction is frequently present in those with ASD. It was found that often individuals diagnosed with ASD have alterations in immune cells such as T cells, B cells, monocytes, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. Also, many individuals diagnosed with ASD have alterations in immunoglobulins and increased autoantibodies. Finally, a significant portion of individuals diagnosed with ASD have elevated peripheral cytokines and chemokines and associated neuroinflammation. In conclusion, immune dysregulation and inflammation are important components in the diagnosis and treatment of ASD.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 76
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.257-268,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Bjorklund G.

• Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway

autor

Saad K.

• Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

autor

Chirumbolo S.

• Department of Neurological and Movement Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

autor

Kern J.K.

• Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA

autor

Geier D.A.

• Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA

autor

Geier M.R.

• Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA,

autor

Urbina M.A.

• Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanograficas, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile

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