Intake of calcium and phosphorus and levels of bone mineralization (BMC) and mineral bone density (BMD) of female swimmers in the pubescence period

• Autorzy: Czeczelewski J. , Dlugolecka B. , Raczynska B.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The objective of this study was to evaluate bone mineralization (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of the osseous tissue in girls training swimming an being in the period of reaching the peak bone mass, as compared to girls being at a similar age and non-practicing sport, taking into account dietary allowances for calcium and phosphorus and dietary ratios of these elements. Both the swimmers and their non-training colleagues were found to meet nutritional demands to the same extent and their diets did not differ in the intakes of energy nor nutrients (protein, calcium, phosphorus), which is incorrect in the case of the non-training girls. An alarmingly low intake of calcium at a, simultaneously, excessive intake of protein and phosphorus, as well as incorrect ratios between calcium and phosphorus and between calcium and protein observed especially in the case of the swimmers, might have an adverse effect on the mineralization of osseous tissue in the period of reaching peak bone mass.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 61
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.137-142,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Czeczelewski J.

• Department of Nutrition and Biological Development , Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Jozef Pilsudzki Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw, Akademicka 2, 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland

autor

Dlugolecka B.

autor

Raczynska B.

Bibliografia

• 1. Barzel U.S., The skeleton as an ion exchange system: implications for the role of acid-base imbalance in the genesis of osteoporosis. J. Bone Miner. Res., 1995, 10, 1431–1436.
• 2. Błaszczyk A., Chlebna-Sokół D., Nutritional factors vs. mineralization status of skeleton in schoolchildren. Post. Osteoartrologii, 2003, 14 (Suppl. 1), 45–85 (in Polish).
• 3. Bos C., Gaudichon C., Tomé D., Nutritional and physiological criteria in the assessment of milk protein quality for humans. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 2000, 19, 191S–205S.
• 4. Cichy W., Rosińska A., Nutrition vs. osteoporosis in children: an example to medicine integration. Terapia, 2005, 2, 12–15 (in Polish).
• 5. Czeczelewski J., Raczyńska B., Contents of calcium and phosphorus in everyday food rations of children and adolescents from the Bialski District. Roczn. PZH, 2005, 56, 237–243 (in Polish; English abstract).
• 6. Du X.Q., Greenfield H., Flaser D.R., Ge K.Y., Liu Z.H., He W., Milk consumption and bone mineral content in Chinese adolescent girls. Bone, 2002, 30, 521–528.
• 7. Eastell R., Lambert H., Diet and healthy bones. Calcif. Tissue Int., 2002, 70, 400–404.
• 8. Fenton T.R., Lyon A.W., Eliasziw M., Tough S.C., Hanley D.A., Phosphate decreases urine calcium and increases calcium balance: A meta-analysis of the osteoporosis acid-ash diet hypothesis. Nutr. J., 2009, 8, 41–56.
• 9. Fiorito L. M., Mitchell D.C., Smiciklas-Wright H., Birch L.L., Girls’ calcium intake is associated with bone mineral content during middle childhood. J. Nutr., 2006, 136, 1281–1286.
• 10. Górecka E., Zych-Litwin C., Gałuszko P., Osteoporosis in children. Med. Sportiva, 2000, 4 (Suppl.1), 91–97 (in Polish; English abstract).
• 11. Guéguen L., Pointillart A., The bioavailability of dietary calcium. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 2000, 19, 119S–136S.
• 12. Gustavsson, A., Thorsen K., Nordstrom P., A 3-year longitudinal study of the effect of physical activity on the accrual of bone mineral density in healthy adolescent males. Calcif. Tissue Int., 2003, 73, 108–114.
• 13. Heaney R.P., Protein intake and calcium economy. J. Am. Diet. Assoc., 1993, 93, 1261–1262.
• 14. Heaney R.P., Dietary protein and phosphorus do not affect calcium absorption. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2000, 72, 758–761.
• 15. Heaney R.P., Protein intake and bone health: the influence of belief systems on the conduct of nutritional science. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2001, 73, 5–6.
• 16. Heaney R.P., The importance of calcium intake for livelong skeletal health. Calcif. Tissue Int., 2002a, 70, 70–73.
• 17. Heaney R.P., Protein and calcium: antagonists or synergists? Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2002b, 75, 609–610.
• 18. Janz K.F., Burns T.L., Levy S.L., Torner J.C., Willing M.C., Beck T.J., Gilmore J.M., Marshall T.A., Everyday activity predicts bone geometry in children: The low bone development study. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 2004, 36, 1124–1131.
• 19. Jarosz M., Bułhak-Jachymczyk B., Normy żywienia człowieka. Podstawy prewencji otyłości i chorób niezakaźnych. PZWL Warszawa, 2008, p. 460 (in Polish).
• 20. Johannsen, N., Binkley T., Englert V., Neiderauer G., Specker B., Bone response to jumping is site-specific in children: a randomized trial. Bone, 2003, 33, 533–539.
• 21. Karlsson M.K., Johnell O., Obrant J.J., Bone mineral density in weight lifters. Calcif. Tissue Int., 1993, 52, 212–215.
• 22. Karlsson M.K., Has exercise antifracture efficacy in women? Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 2004, 14, 2–15.
• 23. Kerstetter J.E., O’Brien K.O., Insogna K.L., Dietary protein, calcium metabolism, and skeletal homeostasis revisited. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2003, 78 (Suppl), 584S–592S.
• 24. Kranz S., Lin P.J., Wagstaff D.A., Children’s dairy intake in the United States: too little, too fat? J. Pediatr., 2007, 151, 642–646.
• 25. Kunachowicz H., Nadolna I., Przygoda B., Iwanow K., Tabele składu i wartości odżywczej żywności. 2005, PZWL, Warszawa, p. 671 (in Polish).
• 26. Lanou A.J., Berkow S.E., Bernard N.D., Calcium, dairy products and bone health in children and young adults: A reevaluation of the evidence. Pediatrics, 2005, 115, 736–743.
• 27. Lemon P.W.R., Do regular physical exercises affect protein demand? Med. Sportiva, 2001, 5, 177–184 (in Polish).
• 28. Libuda L., Alexy U., Remer T., Stehle P., Schoenau E., Kersting M., Association between long-term consumption of soft drinks and variables of bone modeling and remodeling in a sample of healthy German children and adolescents. Am. J. Clin Nutr., 2008, 88, 1670–1677.
• 29. Mac Auley D., Potential benefits from physical activity undertaken by older people. Med. Sportiva, 2001, 5, 229–236 (in Polish; English abstract).
• 30. Matkovic V., Goel P.K., Badenhop-Stevens N.E., Landoll J.D., Li B., Ilich J.Z., Skugor M., Nagode L.A., Mobley S.L., Ha E.J., Hangartner T.N., Clairmont A., Calcium supplementation and bone mineral density in females from childhood to young adulthood: a randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2005, 81, 175–188.
• 31. Moore L.L., Bradlee M.L., Gao D., Singer M.R., Effects of average childhood dairy intake on adolescent bone health. J. Pediatr., 2008, 153, 667–673.
• 32. Murphy S.P., Guenther P.M., Kretsch M., Using the Dietary Reference Intakes to assess intakes of groups: pitfalls to avoid. JADA, 2006, 106, 10, 1550–1553.
• 33. Nadolna I., Kunachowicz H., Przygoda B., Iwanow K., Mleko a zdrowie. IŻŻ Warszawa, 2001, p. 152 (in Polish).
• 34. Nowak D., Food additives used in the meat industry in the light of legal regulations. Gosp. Mięsna, 2004, 9, 44–47 (in Polish).
• 35. Nurmi-Lawton J.A., Baxter-Jones A.D., Mirwald R.L., Bishop J.A., Taylor P., Cooper C., New S.A., Evidence of sustained skeletal benefits from impact-loading exercise in young females: A 3-year longitudinal study. J. Bone Miner. Res., 2004, 19, 314–322.
• 36. Palczewska I., Niedźwiecka Z., Wskaźniki rozwoju somatycznego dzieci i młodzieży warszawskiej. Med. Wiek. Rozw., 2001, 5, 2, (Supl. I), 120 (in Polish).
• 37. Peer K.S., Bone health in athletes. Factors and future considerations. Orthopa-edic Nursing, 2004, 23, 178–181.
• 38. Rutkowska U., Kunachowicz H., Evaluation of phosphorus intake including phosphates added to food and its effect on metabolism of calcium and other minerals. Żyw. Człow. Metab., 1994, 21, 180–191 (in Polish; English abstract).
• 39. Schwarz P., Physical activity and bone strength. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 2004, 14, 1.
• 40. Sellmeyer D.E., Stone K.L., Sebastian A., Cummings S.R., A high ratio of dietary animal to vegetable protein increases the rate of bone loss and the risk of fracture in postmenopausal women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2001, 73, 118–122.
• 41. Slaughter M.H., Lohman T.G., Boileau R.A., Horswill C.A., Stillman R.J., Van Loan M.D., Bemben D.A., Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Hum. Biol., 1988, 60, 709–723.
• 42. Specker B., Binkley T., Randomized trial of physical activity and calcium supplementation on bone mineral content in 3- to 5-year-old children. J. Bone Miner. Res., 2003, 18, 885–892.
• 43. Szponar L., Wolnicka K., Rychlik E., Album fotografii produktów i potraw. 2008, IŻŻ, Warszawa, p. 87 (in Polish).
• 44. Taaffe D.R., Robinson T.L., Snow C.M., Marcus R., High – impact exercise promotes bone gain in well – trained female athletes. J. Bone Miner. Res., 1997, 12, 255–260.
• 45. Ustynowicz-Fabiszewska J., Smorczewska-Czupryńska B., Karczewska J., Lach J., Content of calcium in food ratios of children from primary schools of Białystok and surroundings. Roczn.PZH, 2002, 53, 419–428 (in Polish; English abstract).
• 46. Ward K.A., Roberts S.A., Adams J.E., Lanhman-New S., Mughal M.Z., Calcium supplementation and weight bearing physical activity – Do they have a combined effect on the bone density of pre-pubertal children? Bone, 2007, 41, 496–504.
• 47. Vatanparast H., Bailey D.A., Baxter-Jones A.D.G., Whiting S.J., The effects of dietary protein on bone mineral mass in young adults may be modulated by adolescent calcium intake. J. Nutr., 2007, 137, 2674–2679.
• 48. Vicente-Rodríguez G., Ezquerra J., Mesana M.I., Fernández- -Alvira J.M., Rey-López J.P., Casajus J.A., Morena L.A., Independent and combined effect of nutrition and exercise on bone mass development. J. Bone Miner. Metab., 2008, 26, 416–424.
• 49. Zagórecka E., Stopnicka B., Jerulank I., Szamrej I.K., Piotrowska-Jastrzębska J., Piotrowska-Depta M.J., Realization of recommended dietary allowances for calcium, considering milk and dairy products as its main sources in diet of children originating from Białostocczyzna region. Ped. Pol., 2000, 75, 647653 (in Polish; English abstract).
• 50. Zanker C.L., Osborne C., Cooke C.B., Oldroyd B., Truscott J.G., Bone density, body composition and menstrual history of sedentary female former gymnasts, aged 20–32 years. Osteoporosis Int., 2004, 15, 145–154.

Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu