PL
Tekstura serów jest powiązana z wieloma czynnikami, wpływają na nią między innymi struktura, skład chemiczny oraz przeprowadzone procesy technologiczne podczas jego wytwarzania. Celem pracy było wykazanie wpływu zawartości tłuszczu, białka oraz wody na wartości pomiarowe podstawowych wyróżników profilowej analizy tekstury (TPA), takich jak: twardość I i II, kohezyjność, adhezyjność, elastyczność, żujność. Badany materiał poddawano dwukrotnemu ściskaniu do 50% pierwotnej wysokości przy prędkościach głowicy 0,83 mm·s⁻¹. Analizie poddano sześcienne próbki sera twarogowego kwasowego niedojrzewającego o długości boku 15 mm przy trzech poziomach zawartości tłuszczu. Uzyskane wyniki badań pozwoliły na opracowanie zależności matematycznych oraz uproszczonego modelu uwzględniającego wpływ zawartości wody, tłuszczu, białka na poszczególne wyróżniki profilowej analizy tekstury (TPA), charakteryzujących się dla twardości I i II wysokimi współczynnikami determinacji (w zakresie 0,7), a dla pozostałych niższymi (w zakresie 0,33÷0,5).
EN
Texture is very important for the perception of consumers in terms of quality cheese. It is possible to determine the texture parameters by using the instrumental methods, which makes it easier to use them as a tool for quality control. In order to fully interpret the texture of the cheese to be aware of its effect on the structure, chemical composition and carried out the processes and its manufacture. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the impact of fat, protein and water on the basic parameters of measurement texture profile analysis (TPA) values such as: hardness I and II, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, springiness and chewiness. The test material was subjected to twice the compression up to 50% of the original amount at speeds of head: 0.83 mm·s⁻¹. Cubic samples were analyzed no matured acid curd cheese of side length 15 mm at 3 levels of fat content (0.5; 3.6; 8.9%). The obtained results led to the development of mathematical relations and the simplified model takes into account the effect of water content, fat, protein differentiators for each texture profile analysis (TPA), and the hardness I and II is characterized by high coefficients of determination (in the range of 0.7) for the others lower (in the range of 0.33÷0.5). The strong correlation of water content, protein and fat makes it difficult to obtain equations with high coefficients fit. The following conclusions and summary were based on studies and analysis: There was found a decrease in hardness I and II and the chewiness and cohesiveness with the increase of fat and decrease of protein and water content. There was observed the increase of the absolute value of the adhesiveness and the springiness with an increase of fat content and increase of protein and water content. For the acid curd cheese showed no significant effect of pH variation on the form of empirical equations. It was achieved positive correlation with the increase of fat and protein content, and negative for growth of the water content in the quark cheese for TPA determinants such as I and II hardness and chewiness. It was obtained a positive correlation with an increase of protein content, and negative for growth of the water content in the case of adhesiveness. In addition, there was no correlation values derived from changes in fat content.