Uwarunkowania lokalizacji jednostek osadniczych oraz zmian podziału administracyjnego państwa krzyżackiego na przykładzie komturstwa rogozińskiego

• Autorzy: Tyszkowski S.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Settlement units development and localisation setting as well as changes of Tutonic Knights state administrative divisions on an example of Rogoino commandity

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Teutonic Knights had emerged in Chełmno Land in 1226 and immediately subdivided it in some internal administrative units. This also concerned the Rogozno Commandity. It is possible that these territorial and administrative changes were caused by environmental factors. The research on this problem begun with gathering of historical and present-day maps completelly covering territory analysed (circa 280 km²): Schrotter's Map 1798-1803, present-day maps: of soil quality, topographic ones and maps of archaeological revelations. The first step of analysis was to reconstruct the elements of historical landscape for every commandity. Recent and mediaeval landscapes were compared with-each other to trace the differences in earial extent of forests and swamps as well as hydrological setting elements that could be detected. Further, there was estimated the corn production for this territory, by the use of present-day soil quality maps. A soil quality factor was multiplied by an average of corn produciton in mediaeval time and by the areas of commandities, to know how much corn was possible to get from every commandity. Also the approximate number of citizens in this commandity was assesed. The Population density of this territory equaled 12 persons per 1 km², that is about 30% more than in adjacents commandities. This may indicate that in this area the potential of agricultural production was raised in comparison to other administrative units. In those units enviromental conditions allowed to gain 25% of crops more than the inhabitants needed, so initial thesis of historians that changes were caused by insufficient environmental conditions, was not reasonable. the situation was Probably different – those states were self-sufficient, fertile and rich enough to be an object of rivalry.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Prace i Studia Geograficzne
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 50
• Opis fizyczny: s.135-142,rys.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Tyszkowski S.

• Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa
• Zakład Geomorfologii i Hydrologii Niżu w Toruniu, Toruń

Bibliografia

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• Jóźwiak S., 1997, Powstanie i rozwój struktury administracyjno-terytorialnej zakonu krzyżackiego na Kujawach i w ziemi chełmińskiej w latach 1246-1343, TNT, Toruń.
• Poliński D., 2003, Późnośredniowieczne osadnictwo wiejskie w ziemi chełmińskiej, UMK, Toruń.
• Rutkowska-Płachcińska A. (red.), 1978, Historia kultury materialnej Polski w zarysie, T. II Od XIII do XV wieku, Wrocław-Warszawa-Kraków-Gdańsk.
• Skodlarski J., 2000, Zarys historii gospodarczej Polski, Warszawa-Łódź.
• Tandecki J., 2000, Podziały administracyjne państwa zakonnego w Prusach, [w:] Nowak Z. H. (red.), Państwo zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach, Toruń, 17-29.
• Tyszkowski S., 2006, Uwarunkowania przyrodnicze lokalizacji krzyżackich jednostek administracji terytorialnej na przykładzie komturstwa rogozieńskiego, [w:] Gierszewski P., Karasiewicz M. T. (red.), Idee i praktyczny uniwersalizm geografii. Geografia fizyczna, Dokumentacja Geograficzna 32, IG i PZ PAN, Warszawa, 286-290.