Response of Norway spruce root system to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration

• Autorzy: Pokorny R , Tomaskova I. , Marek M. V.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Root structure parameters, root biomass and allometric relationships between above- and belowground biomass were investigated in young Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) trees cultivated inside the glass domes with ambient (AC, 375 lmol(CO2) mol-1) and elevated (EC, A + 375 lmol(CO2) mol-1) atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]). After 8 years of fumigation, a mean EC tree in comparison with AC one exhibited about 37 % higher belowground biomass. The growth of primary root structure was unaffected by elevated [CO2]; however, the biomass of secondary roots growing on the primary root structure and the biomass of secondary roots growing in the zone between the soil surface and the first primary root ramification were significantly higher in EC comparing with AC treatment about 58 and 70 %, respectively. The finest root’s (diameter up to 1 mm) biomass as well as length and surface area of both primary and secondary root structures showed the highest difference between the treatments; advancing EC to AC by 43 % on average. Therefore, Norway spruce trees cultivated under wellwatered and rather nitrogen-poor soil conditions responded to the air elevated [CO2] environment by the enhancement of the secondary root structure increment, by enlargement of root length and root absorbing area, and also by alternation of root to aboveground organ biomass proportion. Higher root to leaf and root to stem basal area ratios could be beneficial for Norway spruce trees to survive periods with limited soil water availability.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 35
• Numer: 06
• Opis fizyczny: p.1807-1816,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Pokorny R

• Global Change Research Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Beˇlidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
• Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemeˇdeˇlska´ 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

autor

Tomaskova I.

• Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamy´cka´ 1176, 165 21 Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic

autor

Marek M. V.

• Global Change Research Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Beˇlidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic

Bibliografia

• Čermák J, Prax A (2001) Water balance of the floodplain forests in southern Moravia considering rooted and root-free compartments under contrasting water supply and its ecological consequences. Ann Sci For 58:1–12
• Čermák J, Ulrich R, Staněk Z, Koller J, Aubrecht L (2006) Electrical measurement of tree root absorbing surfaces by the earth impedance method: 2. Verification based on allometric relationships and root severing experiments. Tree Physiol 26:1113–1121
• Cleland EE, Chiariello NR, Loarie SR, Mooney HA, Field CB (2006) Diverse responses of phenology to global changes in a grassland ecosystem. PNAS 103:13740–13744
• Cudlin P, Keliszewska-Rokicka B, Rudawska M, Grebenc T, Alberton O, Lehto T, Bakker MR, Borja I, Konopka B, Leski T, Kraigher H, Kuyper TW (2007) Fine roots and ectomycorrhizas as indicators of environmental change. Plant Biosys 141:406–425
• Dyckmans J, Flessa H, Polle A, Beese F (2000) The effect of elevated [CO2] on uptake and allocation of C-13and N-15 in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) during leafing. Plant Biol 2:113–120
• Eamus D, Jarvis PG (1989) The direct effects of increase in the global atmospheric CO2 concentration on natural and commercial temperate trees and forests. Adv Ecol Res 19:1–55
• Formánek P (2000) Transformace dusıku v antropogenně ovlivněnch smrkovỳch ekosystémech Moravskoslezsky´ch Beskyd. Dissertation, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno
• Gingras BM, Richard S, Robert N (2002) Comparative performance after five years of large sized conifers and broadleaves grown in air-slit containers. Mémoire de Recherche Forestiére, No. 141
• Gruber F (1994) Morphology of coniferous trees: possible effects of soil acidification on the morphology of Norway spruce and silver fir. In: Godbold DL, Hüttermann A (eds) Effects of acid rain on forest processes. Wiley-Liss, New York, pp 265–324
• Handa IT, Hagedorn F, Hattenschwiler S (2008) No stimulation in root production in response to 4 years of in situ CO2 enrichment at the Swiss treeline. Funct Ecol 22:348–358
• Hattenschwiler S, Korner C (1998) Biomass allocation and canopy development in spruce model ecosystems under elevated CO2 and increased N deposition. Oecologia 113:104–114
• IPCC (2007) Climate Change 2007 The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (eds). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York
• Jach ME, Laureysens I, Ceulemans R (2000) Above- and belowground production of young scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees after three years of growth in the field under elevated CO2. Ann Bot 85:789–798
• Jackson RB, Mooney HA, Schulze ED (1997) A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area, and nutrient contents. Proc Nat Acad Sci 94:7362–7366
• Janssens IA, Medlyn B, Gielen B, Laureysens I, Jach ME, Van Hove D, Ceulemans R (2005) Carbon budget of Pinus sylvestris saplings after four years of exposure to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. Tree Physiol 25:325–337
• Jin CV, Du ST, Chen WW, Li GX, Zhang YS, Zheng SJ (2009) Elevated carbon dioxide improves plant iron nutrition through enhancing iron-deficiency-induced responses under iron-limited conditions in tomato. Plant Physiol 150:272–280
• Johnson DW, Thomas RB, Griffin KL, Tissue DT, Ball JT, Strain BR, Walker RF (1998) Effects of carbon dioxide and nitrogen on growth and nitrogen uptake in ponderosa and loblolly pine. J Environ Qual 27:414–425
• Kaakinen S, Jolkkonen A, Iivonen S, Vapaavuori E (2004) Growth, allocation and tissue chemistry of Picea abies seedlings affected by nutrient supply during the second growing season. Tree Physiol 24:707–719
• Kasurinen A, Helmisaari HS, Holopainen T (1999) The influence of elevated CO2 and O3 on fine roots and mycorrhizas of naturally growing young Scots pine trees during three exposure years. Glob Change Biol 5:771–780
• Kramer PJ, Bullock HC (1966) Seasonal variation in the proportion of suberized and unsuberized roots of trees in relation to absorption of water. Am J Bot 53:200–204
• Kurz WA, Dymond CC, Stinson G, Rampley GJ, Neilson ET, Carroll AL, Ebata T, Safranyik L (2008) Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change. Nature 452:987–990
• Langley JA, Dijkstra P, Drake BG, Hungate BA (2003) Ectomycorrhizal colonization, biomass, and production in a regenerating scrub oak forest in response to elevated CO2. Ecosystems 6:424–430
• Liang J, Zhang J, Wong MH (1996) Effects of air-filled soil porosity and aeration on the initiation and growth of secondary roots of maize (Zea mays). Plant Soil 186:245–254
• Litton CM, Ryan MG, Tinker DB, Knight DH (2003) Belowground and aboveground biomass in young postfire lodgepole pine forests of contrasting tree density. Can J For Res 33:351–363
• Mao ZJ, Wang YJ, Zhu YG, Wang XW, Sun YF, Zhou BO, Voronin PY (2005) Prolonged growth of young spruce (Picea koraiensis Nakai) plants at double atmospheric CO2 concentration stimulates the preferential growth of thick roots. Russ J Plant Physiol 52:659–663
• Norby RJ, Gunderson CA, Wullschleger SD, O’Neill EG, McCracken MK (1992) Productivity and compensatory responses of yellowpoplar trees in elevated CO2. Nature 357:322–324
• Oren R, Werk KS, Schulze ED (1986) Relationship between foliage and conducting xylem in Picea abies (L.) Karst. Trees 1:61–69
• Ostonen I, Puttsepp U, Biel C, Alberton O, Bakker MR, Lohmus K, Majdi H, Metcalfe D, Olsthoorn AFM, Pronk A, Vanguelova E, Weih M, Brunner I (2007) Specific root length as an indicator of environmental change. Plant Biosyst 141:426–442
• Pettersson R, McDonald AJS, Stadenberg I (1993) Response of small birch plants (Betula pendula Roth.) to elevated CO2 and nitrogen supply. Plant Cell Environ 16:1115–1121
• Pokornỳ R, Tomášková I, Drápelová I, Kulhavỳ, Marek M (2010) Long term effects of [CO2] enrichment on bud phenology and shoot growth patterns of Norway spruce juvenile trees. J For Sci 56:1–9
• Pokornỳ R, Tomášková I, Slıpková R (2012) The effect of air elevated [CO2] on Norway spruce crown architecture and aboveground biomass. Baltic For 18(1):2–11
• Pregitzer KS, Zak DR, Curtis PS, Kubiske ME, Teeri JA, Vogel CS (1995) Atmospheric CO2, soil nitrogen and turnover of fine roots. New Phytol 129:579–585
• Sigurdsson BD, Thorgeirsson H, Linder S (2001) Growth and drymatter partitioning of young Populus trichocarpa in response to carbon dioxide concentration and mineral nutrient availability. Tree Physiol 21:941–950
• Spinnler D, Egh P, Korner C (2002) Four-year growth dynamics of beech-spruce model ecosystems under CO2 enrichment on two different forest soils. Trees-Struct Funct 16:423–436
• Thomas SM, Whitehead D, Reid JB, Cook FJ, Adams JA, Leckie AC (1999) Growth, loss, and vertical distribution of Pinus radiata fine roots growing at ambient and elevated CO2 concentration. Glob Change Biol 5:107–121
• Tingey DT, Phillips DL, Johnson MG (2000) Elevated CO2 and conifer roots: effects on growth, life span and turnover. New Phytol 147:87–103
• Tisserat B, Vaughn SF (2003) Ultra-high CO2 levels enhance loblolly pine seedling growth, morphogenesis, and secondary metabolism. HortScience 38:1083–1085
• Trnka M, Dubrovskv M, Svoboda M, Semerávdová D, Hayes M, Žalud Z, Wilhite D (2009) Developing a regional drought climatology for the Czech Republic. Int J Clim 29:863–883
• Urban O, Janouš D, Pokorny´ R, Marková I, Pavelka M, Fojtık Z, Šprtová M, Marek MV (2001) Glass domes with adjustable windows: a novel technique for exposing juvenile forest stands to elevated CO2 concentration. Photosynthetica 39:395–401
• Wan SQ, Kang YH, Wang D, Liu SP, Feng LP (2007) Effect of drip irrigation with saline water on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) yield and water use in semi-humid area. Agric Water Manage 90:63–74
• Waring RH (1983) Estimating forest growth and efficiency in relation to canopy leaf area. Adv Ecol Res 13:327–354
• Zhang S, Dang Q-L (2007) Interactive effects of soil temperature and CO2 on morphological and biomass traits in seedlings of four boreal tree species. For Sci 53:453–460

Uwagi

rekord w opracowaniu