Occurrence of pathogenic and endophytic fungi and their influence on quality of medicinal plants applied in management of neurological diseases and mental disorders

• Autorzy: Wielgusz K. , Irzykowska L.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Występowanie patogenicznych i endofitycznych grzybów i ich wpływ na jakość roślin zielarskich stosowanych w leczeniu chorób neurologicznych i psychicznych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Due to increasing demand of medicinal plants (MPs), quality and safety more attention to the plant health should be paid. Among herb pathogens, especially fungi cause serious diseases in these plants decreasing yield and quality of herbal raw material. Some species, i.e. Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp. are known as mycotoxin producers. Paradoxically, self-treatment with herbal raw material can expose the patient to mycotoxin activity. In tissues of some MPs species, asymptomatically endophytic fungi residue. It is known that they are able to influence a biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in their host plant or produce biologically active compounds. Until recently these microorganisms have been neglected as a component of MPs, the reason why there have unexplored bioactivity and biodiversity. The paper presents an overview of herbal plants that are used in the treatment of nervous system diseases. Pathogenic fungi that infect these plants are described. It focused mainly on species producing harmful mycotoxins. The publication presents a list of these mycotoxins and a brief description of their effects on human health. The second part of this article provides information on the occurrence of endophytic fungi in herbal plants and their effects on human health. Coexistence of fungi and medicinal plants is not fully understood but can be crucial to ensure health and safety of patients with neurological diseases and mental disorders.

PL

Ze względu na stały wzrost zapotrzebowania na jakość i bezpieczeństwo roślin zielarskich, należałoby zwrócić większą uwagę na ich zdrowotność. Wśród patogenów roślin zielarskich, szczególnie grzyby powodują poważne choroby, zmniejszając plon i jakość surowców roślinnych. Niektóre gatunki m.in. Fusarium sp., Alternaria sp., Penicillium sp. znane są jako producenci toksycznych metabolitów. Paradoksalnie ludzie próbujący leczyć się samodzielnie (używając surowców zielarskich), mogą być narażeni na działanie tych mykotoksyn. W tkankach niektórych roślin zielarskich występują (bezobjawowo) pozostałości grzybów endofitycznych. Wiadomo, że mają one zdolność wywierania wpływu na biosyntezę wtórnych metabolitów rośliny żywicielskiej lub wytwarzają związki biologicznie czynne. Do niedawna te mikroorganizmy były przeoczane jako „składnik” roślin zielarskich, co spowodowało, że nadal są polem niezbadanej bioaktywności i bioróżnorodności. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd roślin zielarskich stosowanych w leczeniu chorób układu nerwowego. Opisano grzyby patogeniczne dla tych roślin. Skupiono się głównie na gatunkach biosyntetyzujących szkodliwe mykotoksyny. Publikacja obejmuje listę tych mykotoksyn oraz krótki opis ich wpływu na zdrowie człowieka. Druga część artykułu dostarcza informacji o występowaniu grzybów endofitycznych w roślinach zielarskich i wpływie endofitów na zdrowie człowieka. Współistnienie grzybów i roślin leczniczych nie jest w pełni zrozumiane, a może być bardzo istotne dla zapewnienia zdrowia i bezpieczeństwa pacjentów z zaburzeniami neurologicznymi i psychicznymi.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

occurrence; pathogenic fungi; endophytic fungi; plant quality; medicinal plant; neurological disease; mental disorder; phytotherapy; human disease; therapy; mycotoxin; human health

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Herba Polonica
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 63
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.57-69,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Wielgusz K.

• Department of Breeding and Agriculture of Fibrous and Energetic Plants, Institute of Natural Fibers and Medicinal Plants, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland

autor

Irzykowska L.

• Department of Phytopathology, Seed Science and Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dabrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznan, Poland

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DOI

10.1515/hepo-2017-0025