Rostral reconstruction of South American hippidiform equids: New anatomical and ecomorphological inferences

• Autorzy: Bernardes C. , Sicuro F. L. , Avilla L. S. , Pinheiro A. E. P.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Pleistocene Equus (Amerhippus) and hippidiforms frequently occur together in the South American fossil record, suggesting a possible case of sympatry and syntopy. Although resembling each other in their overall morphology, their rostra show distinct differences. While Equus (Amerhippus) resembles extant horses, hippidiforms are characterised by slender nasal bones, a retracted nasal notch at the level of M2–M3 or posterior to M3, and the presence of dorsal preorbital fossae of variable depth. Here we present an anatomical reconstruction of the muzzle of hippidiforms based on homologous patterns in the extant horse Equus caballus, together with a morphofunctional analysis of their rostra and a comparative analysis of premaxillary shape. The rostral morphology of hippidiforms suggests the presence of a developed upper lip with prehensile function, as occurs in extant black rhinoceros. This prehensile structure could be ecomorphologically related to browsing, thus reducing niche overlap with Equus(Amerhippus), and hence competitive pressure.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 58
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.669-678,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Bernardes C.

• Laboratorio de Mastozoologia and Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur 458, Instituto de Biociencias, sala 501, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

autor

Sicuro F. L.

• BioVasc, Departamento de Ciencias Fisiologicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av. Sao Francisco Xavier 524, Maracana, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

autor

Avilla L. S.

• Laboratorio de Mastozoologia and Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Av. Pasteur 458, Instituto de Biociencias, sala 501, Urca, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

autor

Pinheiro A. E. P.

• Laboratorio de Macrofosseis, Departamento de Geologia, Universi-dade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Brigadeiro Tromposki, s/n, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

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