Wpływ pożaru lasu na czas opóźnienia odpływu bezpośredniego wód opadowych z małej zlewni w Kalabrii

• Autorzy: Cogliandro V. , Krajewski A. , Rutkowska A. , Porto P. , Banasik K.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Effect of forest fire on lag time of direct runoff of rainfall in a small catchment in Calabria

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Hydrological processes in forested areas such as runoff and erosion after heavy rainfalls are sensitive to changes in land surface properties that can be significantly modified by fire. Rainfall−runoff events recorded in a small forested catchment in Calabria (southern Italy), of area of 1.36 hectare, in the period of 2014−2015, were analyzed to check differences in lag time of direct runoff, i.e. the basic characteristics in rainfall−runoff modelling, before and after the forest fire. Lag time, defined as the elapsed time between the occurrence of the centroids of the effective rainfall intensity hyetograph and the storm runoff hydrograph, was computed with the use of two methods of effective rainfall estimation, i.e. CN−SCS (Soil Conservation Service) and Duband method. In the first one effective rainfall starts after no runoff period, when rain water is used for interception, filling local depressions and high infiltration. In the other one, effective rainfall starts at the beginning of rain and then increases more gentle than in the first method. The results show that in response to the forest fire, the average lag time was reduced to 28% of the average value representative for original conditions when CN−SCS method was used (from 0.530 h before the forest fire to 0.145 h after the fire) and to 38% when the other method was used (from 0.637 h to 0.243 h, respectively). Significance of the differences in lag time was confirmed statistically with Mann−Whitney U test. The results of the investigation, i.e. reduction of lag time, and in consequence higher value and earlier appearance of peak discharge, confirm the thesis that forest fire would increase the risk of flood flows.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

lesnictwo; lasy; pozary lasow; oddzialywanie na srodowisko; zlewnie lesne; zlewnie male; wody opadowe; odplyw wody; odplyw bezposredni; Kalabria; Wlochy

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Sylwan
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 161
• Numer: 08
• Opis fizyczny: s.677-684,rys.,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Cogliandro V.

• Department of Agro-Forestry and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Włochy

autor

Krajewski A.

• Katedra Inżynierii Wodnej, Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, ul.Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warszawa

autor

Rutkowska A.

• Katedra Zastosowań Matematyki, Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie, ul.Balicka 253C, 30-198 Kraków

autor

Porto P.

• Department of Agro-Forestry and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Włochy

autor

Banasik K.

• Katedra Inżynierii Wodnej, Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie, ul. Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warszawa

Bibliografia

• Banasik K. 1994. Model sedymentogramu wezbrania opadowego w malej zlewni rolniczej. Rozprawy Naukowe i Monografie. T. 191. SGGW w Warszawie, Warszawa.
• Banasik K. 2011. Catchment responses to heavy rainfall events in a changing environment. W: Banasik K., Řygarden L., Hejduk L. [red.]. Prediction and reduction of diffuse pollution, solid emission and extreme flows from rural areas: case study of small agricultural catchments. Wydawnictwo SGGW, Warszawa. 61-74.
• Banasik K., Byczkowski A. 1996. Ocena wpływu zmian zalesienia małej zlewni na wielkość hydrogramów wezbrań przy zastosowaniu modelu opad-odpływ. Wiadomości IMGW 19 (1): 95-105.
• Banasik K., Hejduk A. 2014. Ratio of basin lag times for runoff and sediment yield processes recorded in various environments. W: Xu Y. J., Allison M. A., Bentley S. J., Collins A. L., Erskine W. D., Golosov V., Horowitz A. J., Stone M. [red.]. Sediment Dynamics From the Summit To the Sea. IAHS Publ. 367: 163-169.
• Banasik K., Krajewski A., Sikorska A., Hejduk L. 2014. Curve Number estimation for a small urban catchment from recorded rainfall-runoff events. Archives of Environmental Protection 40 (3): 75-86.
• Banasik K., Walling D. E. 1996. Predicting sedimentgraphs for a small agricultural catchment. Nordic Hydrology 27 (4): 275-294.
• Candela A., Aronica G., Santoro M. 2005. Effects of forest fires on flood frequency curves in a Mediterranean catchment. Hydrological Sciences Journal-Journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques 50: 193-206.
• Canfield H. E., Goodrich D. C., Burns I. S. 2005. Selection of parameters values to model post-fire runoff and sediment transport at the watershed scale in Southwestern Forests. Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference – Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges. ASCE.
• Guillot P., Duband D. 1978. Function de transfer pluie-debit sur des bassins versants de l’ordre de 1000 km. Societé Hydrotechnique de France, Paris. Session des 21-22.11.1978.
• Hawkins R. H., Ward T. J., Woodward D. E., Van Mullem J. A. [red.]. 2009. Curve Number Hydrology: State of the Practice. American Society of Civil Engineers.
• Hessling M. 1999. Hydrological modelling and a pair basin study of Mediterranean catchments. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Part B-Hydrology Oceans and Atmosphere 24: 59-63.
• Jin C. X. 1993. Determination of basin lag time in rainfall-runoff investigations. Hydrological Processes 7 (4): 449-457. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.3360070408.
• Karabová B., Sikorska A. E., Banasik K., Kohnová S. 2012. Parameters determination of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model for a small catchment in Carpathians. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 44 (2): 155-162.
• Krajewski A., Banasik K. 2013. Czas reakcji zlewni zurbanizowanej na opady wywołujące wezbrania. Acta Sci. Pol. – Architectura 12 (4): 135-146.
• Krajewski A., Lee H., Hejduk L., Banasik K. 2014. Predicted small catchment responses to heavy rainfalls with SEGMO and two sets of model parameters. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 46 (3): 2014: 205-220.
• Leopardi M., Scorzini A. 2014. Effects of wildfires on peak discharges in watersheds. Iforest-Biogeosciences and Forestry 8: 302-307.
• Loukas A., Quick M. 1996. Physically-based estimation of lag time for forested mountainous watersheds. Hydrological Sciences Journal 41 (1): 1-18.
• McLin S., Springer E., Lane L. 2001. Predicting floodplain boundary changes following the Cerro Grande Wildfire. Hydrological Processes 15: 2967-2980.
• Mitchell J. K., Banasik K., Hirschi M. C., Cooke R. A. C., Kalita P. 2001. There is not always surface runoff and sediment transport. W: Ascough J. C., Flanagan D. C. [red.]. International Symposium on Soil Erosion Research for the 21st Century. 575-578.
• Moody J., Martin D. 2001. Post-fire, rainfall intensity-peak discharge relations for three mountainous watersheds in the western USA. Hydrological Processes 15: 2981-2993.
• National Engineering Handbook. Sec 4. Hydrology. 1972. USDA, Washington.
• Porto P., Walling D. E., Alewell C., Callegari G., Mabit L., Mallimo N., Meusburger K., Zehringer M. 2014. Use of a 137Cs re-sampling technique to investigate temporal changes in soil erosion and sediment mobilisation for a small forested catchment in southern Italy. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 138: 137-148.
• Porto P., Walling D. E., Callegari G. 2005. Investigating sediment sources within a small catchment in Southern Italy. IAHS Publ. 291: 113-122.
• Porto P., Walling D. E., Ferro V., Di Stefano C. 2003. Validating erosion rate estimates by caesium-137 measurements for two small forested catchments in Calabria, Southern Italy. Land Degradation and Development 14: 389-408.
• Rulli M. C., Rosso R. 2007. Hydrologic response of upland catchments to wildfires. Advances in Water Resources 30: 2072-2086.
• Sikorska A., Banasik K. 2008. Wyznaczenie czasu opóźnienia odpływu bezpośredniego w zlewni Potoku Służewiec-kiego na podstawie danych pomiarowych. Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 4 (42): 19-29.
• Sikorska A., Banasik K. 2010. Parameter identification of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model for a small urban catchment. Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Land Reclamation 42 (2): 279-293.
• Yochum S. E., Norman J. B. 2015. Wildfire-induced flooding and erosion-potential modeling: Examples from Colorado 2012 and 2013. 5th Federal Interagency Hydraulic Modeling Conference April 19-23, 2015. Peppermill Hotel, Reno, Nevada, USA.