EN
An 11-year-old, unsterilised Scottish Shepherd Collie bitch was brought to a veterinary clinic after a previous symptomatic treatment in another surgery. Clinical signs raised a suspicion of pyometra. Additional tests (radiological and ultrasound tests) revealed a change in the bladder that suggested a neoplastic process. The veterinarian decided to make a diagnostic laparotomy, during which, the animal was intraoperatively euthanised because of extensive changes in the bladder. A complete pathologic examination indicated emphysematous cystitis. Emphysematous cystitis is a rare disease in both humans and animals. It is often related to diabetes, chronic urinary tract infections, bladder stones, or the consequences of interventions on the bladder. In the bitch under examination, these changes resulted from a chronic inflammation of the bladder caused by Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, which was confirmed by bacteriological examination. The most important element for accurate diagnosis is to perform radiological examinations (X-ray, CT). Treatment mainly consists of antibiotics administered according to antibiogram.