Growth rate of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) in relation to the internal and ambient nutrient concentrations - testing the Droop and Monod models

• Autorzy: Kufel L. , Strzalek M. , Wysokinska U. , Biardzka E. , Okninska S. , Rys K.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Monod model describes the relationship between growth rate and ambient nutrient concentration, the Droop model focuses on internal nutrient resources as the driving factor. Both were applied mainly to explain phytoplankton dynamics in lakes or in experimental cultures. Our test plants were two species of duckweeds – Lemna minor L. and Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden sampled from 18 natural stands situated in 6 different water bodies. Plants were grown outdoor in original lake water or in mineral media of varying N and P concentrations (0–21 mg N-NO3 L-1 and 0–1853 μg P-PO4 L-1 for L.minor and 0–4.2 mg N-NO3 L-1 and 0–371 μg P-PO4 L-1 for S. polyrhiza). Moreover, we analysed concentrations of mineral forms of N and P in lake water and tissue nutrient concentrations in plants. Tissue N of both plants was significantly correlated with ambient inorganic nitrogen sources, no such relationship was observed for tissue P. The growth rate of both plants measured under experimental outdoor conditions was better explained by tissue N and P variability (the Droop model) than by the external nutrient availability (the Monod model). The latter also failed to fit the growth rate of both plants in artificial mineral media with a decreasing gradient of N and P concentrations. The plants grew at the expense of internal N and P resources which remarkably declined during 9-day long experiments. Calculated minimum tissue contents (11.19 ± 1.11 mg N g-1 and 0.97 ± 0.07 mg P g-1 in L. minor and 6.10 ± 1.85 mg N and 1.25 ± 0.37 mg P g-1 in S. polyrhiza) show that the latter species would be a superior competitor under N limiting conditions and the former – under P limitation. We confront obtained results with literature data on N uptake kinetics and postulate that the luxury consumption of nutrients and plant growth dependent mainly on internal N and P resources might be an adaptation of duckweeds to varying habitat conditions typical of astatic water bodies.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Lemna minor; Spirodela polyrhiza; nutrient resource; growth rate; macrophyte; duckweed; Lemnaceae; nutrient concentration; Monod model; Droop model

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Ecology
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 60
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.241-249,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Kufel L.

• Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce, 08–110 Siedlce, Prusa 12, Poland

autor

Strzalek M.

autor

Wysokinska U.

autor

Biardzka E.

autor

Okninska S.

autor

Rys K.

Bibliografia

• Aerts R. 1999 – Interspecific competition in natural plant communities: mechanisms, trade-offs and plant-soil feedbacks – J. Exp. Bot. 50: 29–37.
• Ashby E., Wangermann E., Winter E.J. 1949 – Studies in the morphogenesis of leaves: III. Preliminary observations on vegetative growth in Lemna minor – New Phytol. 48: 374–381.
• Bieleski R.L. 1968 – Effect of phosphorus deficiency on levels of phosphorus compounds in Spirodela – Plant Physiol. 43: 1309–1316.
• Caicedo J.R., Van der Steen N.P., Arce O., Gijzen H.J. 2000 – Effect of total ammonia nitrogen concentration and pH on growth rates of duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) – Wat. Res. 34: 3829–3835.
• Cedergreen N., Madsen T.V. 2002 – Nitrogen uptake by the floating macrophyte Lemna minor – New Phytol. 155: 285–292.
• Chaiprapat S., Cheng J.J., Classen J.J., Liehr S.K. 2005 – Role of internal nutrient storage in duckweed growth for swine wastewater treatment – Trans. ASAE, 48: 2247–2258.
• Denny P. 1987 – Mineral cycling by wetland plants - a review – Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. Ergebn. Limnol. 27: 1–25.
• Droop M. 1968 – Vitamin B12 and marine ecology. IV. The kinetics of uptake, growth and inhibition in Monochrysis lutheri – J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 48: 689–733.
• Duarte C.M. 1992 – Nutrient concentration of aquatic plants: Patterns across species – Limnol. Oceanogr. 37: 882–889.
• Gerloff G.C., Krombholz P.H. 1966 – Tissue analysis as a measure of nutrient availability for the growth of aquatic plants – Limnol. Oceanogr. 11: 529–537.
• Hillman W.S. 1961 – The Lemnaceae, or duckweeds. A review of the descriptive and experimental literature – Bot. Rev. 27: 221–287.
• ISO 20079, 2006 – Water quality – determination of the toxic effect of water constituents and waste water on duckweed (Lemna minor). Duckweed growth inhibition test – PKN, Warszawa.
• Joy K.W. 1969 – Nitrogen metabolism of Lemna minor. I. Growth, nitrogen sources, and amino acid inhibition. II. Enzymes of nitrate assimilation and some aspects of their regulation – Plant Physiol. 44: 845–848, 849–853.
• Korner S., Vermaat J.E., Veenstra S. 2003 – The capacity of duckweed to treat wastewater: ecological considerations for a sound design – J. Environ. Qual. 32: 1583–1590.
• Kufel L., Strzałek M., Konieczna A., Izdebska K. 2010 – The effect of Stratiotes aloides L. and nutrients on the growth rate of Lemna minor L. – Aquat. Bot. 92: 168–172.
• Landolt E., Kandeler R. 1987 – The family of Lemnaceae, a monographic study. Vol. 2: Phytochemistry; physiology; application; bibliography – Veroffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes ETH, Stiftung Rubel, Zurich, 638 pp.
• Legović T., Cruzado A. 1997 – A model of phytoplankton growth on multiple nutrient based on the Michaelis-Menten-Monod uptake, Droop growth and Liebig’s law – Ecol. Model. 99: 19–31.
• Lemon G.D., Posluszny U., Husband B.C. 2001 – Potential and realized rates of vegetative reproduction in Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor and Wolffia borealis – Aquat. Bot. 70: 79–87.
• Le Rouzic B., Bertru G. 1997 – Phytoplankton community growth in enrichment bioas-says: possible role of the nutrient intracellular pools – Acta Oecol. 18: 121–133.
• Luond A. 1980 – Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus upon the growth of some Lemnaceae – Veroffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes ETH, Stiftung Rubel, Zurich, 70: 118–141.
• Monod J. 1942 – Recherches sur la croissance des cultures bacteriennes – Hermann, Paris, 210 pp.
• Oscarson P., Ingemarsson B., Larsson C.-M. 1989 – Growth and nitrate uptake properties of plants grown at different relative rates of nitrogen supply. I. Growth of Pisum and Lemna in relation to nitrogen – Plant, Cell Environ. 12: 779–785.
• Ozimek T. 1996 – What is the role of Lemna minor in wastewater treatment in the “Lemna system” in temperate climates? (In: Ecotechnics for a Sustainable Society - Proceedings from Ecotechnics 95, Eds: L. Thofelt, A. Englund) – International Symposium on Ecological Engineering, MID Sweden University, Harnosand, pp. 201–214.
• Ozimek T., Van Donk E., Gulati R .D. 1993 – Growth and nutrient uptake by two species of Elodea in experimental conditions and their role in nutrient accumulation in macrophytedominated lake – Hydrobiologia, 251: 13–18.
• Powell N., Shilton A., Chisti Y., Pratt S. 2009 – Towards a luxury uptake process viamicroalgae - Defining the polyphosphate dynamics – Wat. Res. 43: 4207–4213.
• Rattray M.R., Howard-Williams C., Brown J.M.A. 1991 – Sediment and water as source of nitrogen and phosphorus for submerged rooted aquatic macrophytes – Aquat. Bot. 40: 225–237.
• Solorzano L. 1969 – Determination of ammonia in natural waters by the phenylhypochlorite method – Limnol. Oceanogr. 14: 799–800.
• Sommer U. 1991 – A comparison of the Droop and the Monod models of nutrient limited growth applied to natural populations of phytoplankton – Functional Ecol. 5: 535–544.
• Standard methods for the examination of water and waste-water 1960 – American Public Health Association Inc., New York.
• Szabo S., Roijackers R., Scheffer M., Borics G. 2005 – The strength of limiting factors for duckweed during algal competition – Arch. Hydrobiol. 164: 127–140.
• Vermaat J.E., Hanif M.K. 1998 – Performance of common duckweed species (Lemnaceae) and the waterfern Azolla filiculoides on different types of waste water – Wat. Res. 32: 2569–2576.
• Wołek J. 1974 – A preliminary investigation on interactions (competition, allelopathy) between some species of Lemna, Spirodela and Wolffia – Ber. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rubel Zurich, 42: 140–162.