Effect of N Pro technology and Seactiv complex on growth, yield quantity and quality of ‘Szampion’ apple trees

• Autorzy: Kaplan M. , Baryla P. , Krawiec M. , Kiczorowski P.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ technologii N Pro i kompleksu Seactiv na wzrost, wielkość i jakość plonu jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Recent years have been marked with a more common use of mineral fertilizers comprising marine algal extracts in horticultural production. Seaweed extracts are reported to possess, among others, biostimmulatory potential that improves yield growth and its quality as well as promotes plant resistance to adverse environmental agents. The marine alga processing technologies facilitate the extraction of active substances valuable for plant crops as stimulants for a number of plant physiological processes. The substances can be incorporated into both, soil or foliar applied fertilizers. The present research objective was to assess the influence of N Pro technology and Seactiv complex based on marine algal extracts on apple tree ‘Szampion’ growth, yield quantity and quality. The experimental material comprised ‘Szampion’ apple trees grafted on M.26 stock, the trees were aged 10 years at the experiment onset. The study aimed at evaluation of growth, yield quantity and quality of ‘Szampion’ apple trees fertilized according to two following programs. The measurements performed showed that introduction of the fertilization programs based on marine algal extracts had significant effect on total yield, one fruit weight, firmness and sugar extract content in apple tree ‘Szampion’ fruits. It was found that the N Pro technology and Seactiv complex had significantly beneficial influence on the percentage of big fruits, i.e. above 7.5 cm diameter and marketable yield in each experimental year. Cropping efficiency coefficient (CEC) of ‘Szampion’ apple trees fertilized according to N Pro technology and Seactiv base was significantly higher compared to control solely in 2008, in the other research years the differences were insignificant. The fertilization program based on marine algal extracts had positive influence on the ‘Szampion’ apple tree`s annual increments and each year the trees under N Pro and Seactive complex fertilization technology produced higher increments as against control; the differences in the last research year were significant. The N Pro technology and Seactiv base had positive impact on ‘Szampion’ apple tree leaf surface area, significant influence was observed in the second and third research year.

PL

W ostatnich latach w produkcji ogrodniczej coraz częściej stosuje się nawozy mineralne wzbogacone w substancje pochodzące z wyciągów z alg morskich, którym przypisuje się liczne właściwości, m.in. o charakterze biostymulującym (korzystny wpływ na wzrost i jakość plonu oraz zwiększanie odporności na niekorzystne czynniki środowiska). Dzięki opracowanym technologiom przetwarzania alg morskich udało się wyekstrahować ważne dla upraw roślinnych związki, które stymulują wiele procesów fizjologicznych w roślinach. Związki te mogą być dodawane zarówno do nawozów doglebowych, jak i dolistnych. Celem przeprowadzonego doświadczenia była ocena wpływu technologii N Pro i kompleksu Seactiv bazujących na wyciągach z alg morskich na wzrost, wielkość i jakość plonu jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’. Materiałem doświadczalnym były drzewa odmiany ‘Szampion’ okulizowane na podkładce M.26 w wieku 10 lat w momencie rozpoczęcia doświadczenia. W doświadczeniu oceniano wzrost, wielkość i jakość plonu drzew jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’ nawożonych dwoma programami. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych pomiarów wykazano, że zastosowanie programu nawozowego opartego na wyciągach z alg morskich nie miało istotnego wpływu na plon ogólny, masę jednego owocu, jędrność oraz zawartość ekstraktu cukrowego owoców jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’. Wykazano, że technologia N Pro i kompleks Seactiv miały istotnie korzystny wpływ na procentową liczbę owoców dużych, tj. o średnicy powyżej 7,5 cm, oraz plon handlowy w poszczególnych latach badań. Współczynnik intensywności owocowania drzew jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’ nawożonych technologią N Pro i kompleksem Seactiv był istotnie większy niż w kontroli tylko w 2008 r., w pozostałych latach różnice te były nieistotne. Program nawozowy oparty na ekstraktach z wodorostów wpływał korzystnie na długość jednorocznych przyrostów jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’, corocznie drzewa nawożone technologią N Pro i kompleksem Seactiv tworzyły dłuższe przyrosty niż kontrolne, w ostatnim roku badań różnice te były istotne. Technologia N Pro i kompleks Seactiv wpłynęły korzystnie na pole powierzchni liści drzew jabłoni odmiany ‘Szampion’, w drugim i trzecim roku badań wpływ ten był istotny.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

N Pro technology; Seactiv complex; plant growth; yield quantity; yield quality; Szampion cultivar; apple tree; marine alga; fertilization; cropping efficiency coefficient; fruit weight; annual growth; leaf surface area

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 12
• Numer: 6
• Opis fizyczny: p.45-56,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Kaplan M.

• Department of Seed Production and Nurseries, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczynskiego 58, 20-068 Lublin, Poland

autor

Baryla P.

• University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland

autor

Krawiec M.

• University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland

autor

Kiczorowski P.

• University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland

Bibliografia

• Abetz P., 1980. Seaweed extracts: Have they any place in Australian agriculture or horticulture? J. Aust. Inst. Agric. Sci. 46, 23–29.
• Abetz P., Young C.L., 1983. The effect of seaweed extract sprays derived from Ascophyllum nodosum on lettuce and cauliflower crops. Bot. Mar. 26, 487–492.
• Aldworth S.J., Van Staden J., 1987. The effect of seaweed concentrate on seedling transplants. S. Afr. J. Bot. 53, 187–189.
• Arthur G.D., Stirk W.A., Van Staden J., 2003. Effect of a seaweed concentrate on the growth and yield of three varieties of Capsicum annuum. S. Afr. J. Bot. 69, 207–211.
• Berlyn G.P., Sivaramakrishnan S., 1996. The use of organic biostimulants to reduce fertilizer use, increase stress resistance, and promote growth. National Proceedings Forest and Conservation Nursery Association Meeting. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, USA, 106–112.
• Blunden G., Gordon S.M., 1986. Betaines and their sulphono analogues in marine algae. In: Progress in phycological research, Round F.E., Chapman D.J. (eds), vol. 4. Biopress Ltd, Bristol, 39–80.
• Crouch I.J., Van Staden J., 1992. Effect of seaweed concentrate on the establishment and yield of greenhouse tomato plants. J Appl. Phycol. 4, 291–296.
• Crouch I.J., Van Staden J., 1993. Evidence for the presence of plant growth regulators in commercial seaweed products. Plant Growth Reg. 13, 21–29.
• Crouch I.J., Smith M.T., Van Staden J., Lewis M.J., Hoad G.V., 1992. Identification of auxins in a commercial seaweed concentrates. J. Plant. Physiol. 139, 590–594.
• Durand N., Briand X., Meyer C., 2003. The effect of marine bioactive substances (N Pro) and exogenous cytokinins on nitrate reductase activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiol. Plant. 119, 489–493.
• FAO, 2006. Yearbook of fishery statistics, vol. 98 (1–2). Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations, Rome.
• Featonby-Smith B.C., Van Staden J., 1983a. The effect of seaweed concentrate on the growth of tomato plants in nematode-infested soil. Sci. Hortic. 20, 137–146.
• Featonby-Smith B.C., Van Staden J., 1983b. The effect of seaweed concentrate and fertilizer on the growth of Beta vulgaris. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 112, 155–162.
• Featonby-Smith B.C., Van Staden J., 1984. The effect of seaweed concentrate and fertilizer on growth and the endogenous cytokinin content of Phaseolus vulgaris. S. Afr. J. Bot. 53, 375–379.
• Featonby-Smith B.C., Van Staden J., 1987. Effects of seaweed concentrate on grain yield in barley. S. Afr. J. Bot. 53, 125–128.
• Ferrini F., Nicese F.P., 2002. Response of English oak (Quercus robur L.) trees to biostimulants application in the urban environment. J. Arboricult. 28, 70–75.
• Finnie J.F., Van Staden J., 1985. The effects of seaweed con – centrate and applied hormones on in vitro cultured tomato roots. J. Plant Physiol. 120, 215–310.
• Frannkenberger W.T., Arshad M., 1995. Phytohormones in soils. Marcel Dekker, New York (USA).
• Jankiewicz L.S., Lipecki J., 2011. Fizjologia roślin sadowniczych. PWN, 1, 460. Jeannin I., Lescure J.C., Morot-Gaudry J.F., 1991. The effect of aqueous seaweed sprays on the growth of maize. Bot. Mar. 34, 169–473.
• Jolivet E., de Langlais-Jeannin I., Morot-Gaudry J.F., 1991. Les extraits d’algues marines: propriétés phytoactives et intérêt agronomique. Anne’e Biologique, Paris, France, 109–126.
• Karnok K.J., 2000. Promises, promises: can biostimulants deliver? Golf Course Management 68, 67–71.
• Kelting M., Harris J.R., Fanelli J., Appleton B., 1998. Biostimulants and soil amendments affect two-year post transplant growth of red maple and Washington hawthorn. Hort. Sci. 33, 819–822.
• Khan W., Rayirath U.P., Subramanian S., Jithesh M.N., Rayorath P., Hodges D.M., Critchley A.T., Craigie J.S., Norrie J., Prithiviraj B., 2009. Seaweed extracts as biostimulants of plant growth and development. Plant Growth Reg. 28, 386–399.
• Mancuso S., Azzarello E., Mugnai S., Briand X., 2006. Marine bioactive substances (IPA extract) improve foliar ion uptake and water stress tolerance in potted Vitis vinifera plants. ADV. Hort. Sci. 20(2), 156–161.
• Metting B., Rayburn W.R., Reynaud P.A., 1988. Algae and agriculture. In: Algae and human affairs, Lembi C.A., Waaland J.R. (eds). Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK, 335–370.
• Mooney P.A., Van Staden J., 1986. Algae and cytokinins. J. Plant Physiol 123, 1–21.
• Munda M., Gubensek F., 1975. The amino acid composition of some common marine algae from iceland. Bot. Mar. 19, 85–92.
• Nooden L.D., Leopold A.C., 1978. Phytohormones and the endogenous regulation of senescence and abscission. In: Phytohormones and related compounds: a comprehensive treatise letham, D.S. Goodwin P.B., Higgins T.J. (eds). Elsevier/Holland, Amsterdam, 329–369.
• Norrie J., Keathley J.P., 2006. Benefits of Ascophyllum nodosum marine-plant extract applications to ‘Thompson seedless’ grape production. Proceedings of the Xth International Symposium on Plant Bioregulators in Fruit Production, 2005. Acta Hortic. 727, 243–247.
• Ordog V., Stirk W.A., Van Staden J., Novak O., Strnad M., 2004. Endogenous cytokinins in the three genera of microalgae from the Chlorophyta. J. Phycol 40, 88–95.
• Reitz S.R., Trumble J.T., 1996. Effects of cytokinin-containing seaweed extract on Phaseolus lunatus L.: influence of nutrient availability and apex removal. Bot. Mar. 39, 33–38.
• Salat A., 2004. Les biostimulants. PHM. Rev. Hortic. 454, 22–24.
• Schmidt R.E., Ervin E.H., Zhang X., 2003. Questions and answers about biostimulants. Golf Course Management 71, 91–94.
• Stephenson W.A., 1968. Seaweed in agriculture and horticulture. Faber and Faber, London, UK. Stirk W.A., Novak M.S., Van Staden J., 2003. Cytokinins in macroalgae. Plant Growth Reg. 41, 13–24.
• Temple W.D., Bomke A.A., 1988. Effects of kelp (Macrocystis integrifolia) on soil chemical properties and crop responses. Plant Soil 105, 213–222.
• Van Staden J., Upfold J., Dewes F.E., 1994. Effect of seaweed concentrate on growth and development of the marigold Tagetes patula. J. Appl. Phycol. 6, 427–428.
• Verkleij F.N., 1992. Seaweed extracts in agriculture and horticulture: a review. Biol. Agric Hort. 8, 309–324.
• Yvin J.C., Dufils A., 2010. Incidences of Fertileader Elite® foliar spray applications on the improvement of Fruits quality and their conservation. Trials realized on Pink Lady® Cripps Pink Cov. J. Hort. Forest. Biotech. 14(3), 1–4.
• Zhang X., Schmidt R.E., 1997. The impact of growth regulators on the a-tocopherol status in water-stressed Poa pratensis L. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 8, 1364–1373.