Determinants of filled/empty optical illusion: Influence of luminance contrast and polarity

• Autorzy: Wackermann J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Subjective estimates of lengths or areas in the visual field depend on the visual contents of the estimated space (filled/empty or Oppel-Kundt illusion). We studied the dependence of this phenomenon on the presentation mode (white on black vs. black on white background), and on the figure/ground contrast. We found, as expected, overestimation of the filled part of the figure for both contrast polarities. The expansion effect was found to be an increasing function of the absolute luminance contrast, and was consistently higher for the negative (luminant figures on a dark background) than for the positive polarity. The contrast factor contributes from one-fifth to one-third of the total effect. Possible interpretations in terms of known sensory phenomena (irradiation, lateral interactions) or higher, integrative functions are discussed.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 72
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.412-420,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Wackermann J.

• Department of Empirical and Analytical Psychophysics, Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg i Br., Germany

Bibliografia

• Békésy G (1967) Sensory Inhibition. University Press, Princeton, NJ.
• Bex PJ, Edgar GK (1996) Shifts in the perceived location of a blurred edge increase with contrast. Perc Psychophys 58: 31-33.
• Botti L (1906) A contribution to knowledge of variable geometric-optical illusions of extent (in German). Archiv ges Psychol 6: 306-315.
• Bulatov A, Bertulis A, Mickienè L (1997) Geometrical illusions: study and modelling. Biol Cybern 77: 395¬406.
• Bulatov A, Bertulis A (2005) Superimposition of illusory patterns with contrast variations. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 65: 51-60.
• Chao J, Miyata Y, Yoshida S, Suzuki M, Kishigami T (2003) Realization of geometric illusions using a lateral-inhibi- tive shifting model and intrinsic geometry of subjective visual space. Electronics and Communications in Japan, Part 3, 86: 1-10.
• Coren S, Girgus JS (1978) Seeing is Deceiving: The Psychology of Visual Illusions. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
• Daneyko O, Zavagno D, Zanuttini L (2011) Lightness effects in Delboeuf and Ebbinghaus size-contrast illu¬sions. Perception 40: 464-473.
• Davidoff J (1973) Contrast effects in geometric illusions. Vision Res 13: 201-205.
• Dworkin L, Bross M (1998) Brightness contrast and expo¬sure time effects on the Oppel-Kundt illusion (abstract). Perception 27 (Suppl): 87-88.
• Fermuller C, Malm H (2004) Uncertainty in visual processes predicts geometrical optical illusions. Vision Res 44: 727-749.
• Fraser J (1908) A new visual illusion of direction. Br J Psychol 2: 307-320.
• Ganz L (1964) Lateral inhibition and the location of visual contours: An analysis of figural after-effects. Vision Res 4: 465-481.
• Ganz L (1966) Mechanism of the figural after-effects. Psychol Rev 73: 128-150.
• Giora E, Gori S (2010) The perceptual expansion of a filled area depends on textural characteristics. Vision Res 50: 2466-2475.
• Gregory RL (1963) Distortion of visual space as inappropri¬ate constancy scaling. Nature 199: 678-680.
• Gregory RL, Heard P (1979) Border locking and the café wall illusion. Perception 8: 365-380.
• Haines RF (1970) The retinal threshold gradient in the pres¬ence of a high-luminance target and in total darkness. Percept Psychophys 9: 197-202.
• Hamburger K, Hansen T, Gegenfurtner KR (2007) Geometric-optical illusions at isoluminance. Vision Res 47: 3276-3285.
• Helmholtz H (1867) Handbook of Physiological Optics, Vol 3 (in German). Voss, Leipzig.
• Hering E (1861) Contribution to Physiology, Vol. 1 (in German). Engelmann, Leipzig.
• Jaeger T, Pollack RH (1977) Effect of contrast level and temporal order on the Ebbinghaus circles illusion. Perc Pychophys 21: 83-87.
• Kitaoka A (1998) Apparent contraction of edge angles. Perception 27: 1209-1219.
• Kundt A (1863) Investigations of visual measure and optical illusions (in German). Ann Phys Chem 196: 118-158.
• Lehmann A (1904) Irradiation as a cause of geometric-opti¬cal illusions (in German). Arch ges Physiol 103: 84-106.
• Lewis EO (1912) The illusion of filled space. Brit J Psychol 5: 36-50.
• Li CY, Guo K (1995) Measurements of geometric illusions, illusory contours and stereo-depth at luminance and colour contrast. Vision Res 35: 1713-1720.
• Livingstone MS, Hubel DH (1987) Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. J Neurosci 7: 3416-3468.
• Livingstone MS, Hubel DH (1988) Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: Anatomy, physiology, and perception. Science 240: 740-749.
• Long GM, Murtagh MP (1984) Task and size effects in the Oppel-Kundt and irradiation illusions. J Gen Psychol 111: 229-240.
• Munsterberg H (1897) Shifted checkerboard figure (in German). Z Psychol Physiol Sinnesorg 15: 184-188.
• Oppel, JJ (1861) On geometric-optical illusions (second selection) (in German). Jahresber phys Verein Frankfurt 1860/1861: 26-37.
• O'Shea RP, Blackburn SG, Ono H (1994) Contrast as a depth cue. Vision Res 34: 1595-1604.
• Pierce AH (1898) The illusions of the kindergarten patterns. Psychol Rev 5: 233-253.
• Plateau J (1842) On irradiation (in German). Ann Phys Chem Suppl 1: 79-129, 193-232, 405-443.
• Pollack RH (1964) The effects of fixation upon the apparent magnitude of bounded horizontal extent. Amer J Psychol 77: 177-192.
• Robinson JO (1998) The Psychology of Visual Illusion (2nd ed.). Dover, Mineola, NY.
• Roncato S (2000) The effect of luminance variation on the apparent position of an edge. Percept Psychophys 62: 762-785.
• Rose D, Bressan P (2002) Going round in circles: shape effects in the Ebbinghaus illusion. Spat Vis 15: 191-203.
• Spiegel HG (1937) On the influence of the intermediate field on visually assessed distances (in German). Psychol Forsch 21: 327-383.
• Surkys T, Bertulis A, Bulatov A (2006) Delboeuf illusion study. Medicina (Kaunas) 42: 673-681.
• Tausch R (1954) Optical illusions as artifacts of forming pro¬cesses based on size and form constancy in natural space perception (in German). Psychol Forsch 24: 299-348.
• Thiery A (1896) On geometric-optical illusions (in German). Philos Studien 12:67-126.
• Van Erning LJTO, Gerrits HJM, Eijkman EGJ (1988) Apparent size and receptive field properties. Vision Res 28: 407-418.
• Wackermann J, Kastner K (2009) Paradoxical form of filled/ empty optical illusion. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 69: 560-563.
• Wackermann J, Kastner K (2010) Determinants of filled/ empty optical illusion: Search for the locus of maximal effect. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 70: 423-434.
• Wackermann J (2012a) Determinants of filled/empty optical illusion: Differential effects of patterning. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 72: 89-94.
• Wackermann J (2012b) Oppel-Kundt illusion. In: Oxford Compendium of Visual Illusions (Shapiro A, Todorovic D, Eds). University Press, Oxford, UK. (in press).
• Weintraub DJ, Wilson BA, Greene RD, Palmquist MJ (1969) Delboeuf illusion: Displacement versus diameter, arc dele¬tions, and brightness contrast. J Exp Psychol 80: 505-511.
• Westheimer G (1967) Spatial interaction in human cone vision. J Physiol 190: 139-154.
• Wickelgren BG (1965) Brightness contrast and length percep¬tion in the Muller-Lyer illusion. Vision Res 5: 141-150.
• Wundt W (1898) The geometric-optical illusions (in German). Abh Konigl Sachs Gesellsch Wiss 24: 55-178.

Uwagi

Rekord w opracowaniu