Assessing the effect of sugar type and form of its intake on selected parameters of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism and plasma atherogenic indices in rats

• Autorzy: Sadowska J. , Bruszkowska M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. Over the past 50 years, the average consumption of sugar worldwide has tripled, also the type of consumed sugar has changed. Due to high price of sucrose and its technological disadvantages, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) has become one of the most commonly used substitutes. Objective. The aim of the study was to compare, on the animal model, the effect of sugar type (sucrose vs high fructose corn syrup 55% of fructose) and the sugar form (solid vs fluid and solid) on the chosen parameters of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism. Material and methods. The experiment was carried out on 40 Wistar male rats aged 5 months, fed four isocaloric diets, containing: group I (SUC 15%) fodder with 15% sucrose, group II (HFCS 15%) fodder with 15% HFCS-55%, group III (SUC 7.5%+7.5%) – 7.5% sucrose in solid fodder and 7.5% sucrose water solution, group IV (HFCS 7.5%+7.5%) – 7.5% HFCS-55% in solid fodder and 7.5% HFCS water solution. Results. The effect of HFCS-55 on the parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism was not equivalent of the effect of sucrose. Dietary use of HFCS-55 instead of sucrose causes adverse changes in blood parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, particularly when provided in beverages, as at comparable weight gains to that of sucrose. More intense changes, manifesting in increased blood levels of glucose, triglycerides and uric acid, as well as increased liver fat content, were observed at simultaneous intake of sweeteners in solid foods and fluids, even with less sugar consumption, compared to solid food only. Conclusions. Dietary use of HFCS-55 causes adverse changes in blood parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as at comparable weight gains to that of sucrose. But liquid form of sugar intake is more important insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk factor than the sugar type.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Konsumpcja cukrów przypadająca na statystycznego mieszkańca Ziemi na przestrzeni ostatnich pięćdziesięciu lat zwiększyła się trzykrotnie, zmienił się także rodzaj spożywanych cukrów. Ze względu na wysoką cenę sacharozy i jej wady technologiczne, wysokofruktozowy syrop kukurydziany (HFCS) stał się jednym z najczęściej używanych jej substytutów. Cel badań. Celem pracy było porównanie, na modelu zwierzęcym, wpływu rodzaju cukru (sacharoza vs syrop fruktozowoglukozowy 55%) oraz sposobu ich podania (pasza/płyn) na wielkość spożycia paszy, przyrosty masy ciała, odkładanie tkanki tłuszczowej oraz stężenia wybranych składników przemian węglowodanowo-lipidowych we krwi. Materiał i metody. Doświadczenie przeprowadzono na 40 samcach szczura rasy Wistar w wieku 5 miesięcy, żywionych izokalorycznymi paszami: grupa I (SUC 15%) – paszą z 15% dodatkiem sacharozy, grupa II (HFCS 15%) – paszą zawierającą 15% syropu fruktozowo-glukozowego 55%, grupa III – (SUC 7.5%+7.5%) – paszą zawierającą 7.5% sacharozy i 7.5% roztworu sacharozy podane w płynie, grupa IV (HFCS 7.5%+7.5%) – paszą zawierającą 7.5% HFCS-55% i 7.5% roztworu HFCS podane w płynie. Wyniki. Wpływ syropu fruktozowo-glukozowego 55% na badane parametry gospodarki węglowodanowo-lipidowej nie był równoważny z wpływem sacharozy. Zastosowanie w diecie syropu fruktozowo-glukozowego 55% zamiast sacharozy, powoduje niekorzystne zmiany parametrów węglowodanowo-lipidowych krwi, zwłaszcza jeśli podawany jest on w formie napoju, przy porównywalnym do sacharozy wpływie na przyrosty masy ciała. Bardziej intensywne zmiany, manifestujące się wyższym stężeniem glukozy, triglicerydów i kwasu moczowego we krwi, a także zwiększoną zawartością tłuszczu w wątrobie, obserwowano przy jednoczesnym przyjmowaniu cukrów w pokarmach stałych i płynach, nawet przy mniejszym spożyciu cukru, w porównaniu do podawania ich tylko z pokarmem stałym. Wnioski. Zastosowanie w diecie HFCS-55 powoduje niekorzystne zmiany w parametrach węglowodanowo-lipidowych krwi, przy porównywalnych przyrostach masy ciała jak przy podaniu sacharozy. Jednak płynna forma podania cukrów jest większym czynnikiem ryzyka insulinooporności i chorób sercowo-naczyniowych niż rodzaj cukru.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

animal metabolism; animal experimentation; sugar; sugar type; sugar form; intake; carbohydrate metabolism; lipid metabolism; rat; HFCS zob.glucose-fructose syrup; high-fructose corn syrup zob.glucose-fructose syrup; glucose-fructose zob.glucose-fructose syrup; isoglucose zob.glucose-fructose syrup; glucose-fructose syrup; sucrose; plasma; atherogenic index

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 70
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.59-67,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Sadowska J.

• Department of Human Nutrition Physiology, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al.Piastow 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Bruszkowska M.

• Department of Human Nutrition Physiology, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al.Piastow 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.32394/rpzh.2019.0055