Assessing heavy metal contamination in oil and gas well drilling waste and soil in Pakistan

• Autorzy: Qaiser W.S.H. , Ahmad I. , Ahmad S.R. , Afzal M. , Qayyum A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The contamination of soil and water with heavy metals is one of the major environmental problems in the world. Oil and gas exploration and production activities contaminate the environment with heavy metals. In this study, heavy metal concentration was assessed in drilling waste discharges of different oil and gas wells at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Moreover, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil surrounding the drilling waste discharges was determined. The representative samples were collected from seven oil and gas drilling waste discharges and the surrounding soil. The collected samples were analyzed for selected heavy metals (Ba, Pb Cr, Cd, Zn, Mn, and Ni) by atomic absorption spectrometric standard methods. Analysis showed that oil and gas well drilling operation waste is enriched with determined heavy metals. The high concentration of heavy metals, particularly Ba and Pb, was also found in the surrounding soil samples. In particular, Ba concentration varied from 1050 to 4168 mg/kg soil. Statistical correlational analysis depicted a common origin of the heavy metals in the soil of the study area, potentially the drilling waste discharges from oil and gas wells. The concentration of heavy metals in oil and gas well drilling waste discharge high, and also affects surrounding soils.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: 28
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.785-793,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Qaiser W.S.H.

• College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

autor

Ahmad I.

• College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

autor

Ahmad S.R.

• College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

autor

Afzal M.

• Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan

autor

Qayyum A.

• College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

Bibliografia

• 1. AGWA A., LEHETA H., SALEM A., SADIQ, R. Fate of drilling waste discharges and ecological risk assessment in the Egyptian Red Sea: An aquivalence-based fuzzy analysis. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 27 (1), 169, 2013.
• 2. ISMAIL A.R., ALIASC A.H., SULAIMANA W.R.W., ZAIDI M. Drilling fluid waste management in drilling for oil and gas wells. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 56, 1351, 2017.
• 3. SARDANS J., MONTES F., PENUELAS J. Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry to determine As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and Pb in soils and sediments: A review and perspectives. Soil and Sediment Contamination, 20 (4), 447, 2011.
• 4. OGUNKUNLE C.O., FATOBA P.O. Pollution loads and the ecological risk assessment of soil heavy metals around a mega cement factory in southwest Nigeria. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 22(2), 487, 2013.
• 5. KHAN M.S., ZAIDI A., WANI P.A., OVES M. Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the remediation of metal contaminated soils. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 7 (1), 1, 2009.
• 6. WUANA R.A., OKIEIMEN F.E. Heavy metals in contaminated soils: A review of sources, chemistry, risks and best available strategies for remediation. Isrn Ecology, 2011. doi:10.5402/2011/402647.
• 7. KHAN Z.I., ASHRAF M., AHMAD K., BAYAT A., MUKHTAR M.K., NAQVI S.A.H., SHAHEEN M. Lead toxicity evaluation in Rams grazing on pasture during autumn and winter: a case study. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 21 (5), 1257, 2012.
• 8. ANDRÁŠ P., NAGYOVÁ I., SAMEŠOVÁ D., MELICHOVÁ Z. Study of environmental risks at an old spoil dump field. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 21 (6), 1529, 2012.
• 9. ABDELHAFEZ A.A., ABBAS M.H., ATTIA T. Environmental monitoring of heavy-metals status and human health risk assessment in the soil of Sahl El-Hessania area, Egypt. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 24 (2), 459, 2015.
• 10. BHAGURE G.R., MIRGANE S.R. Heavy metal concentrations in ground waters and soils of Thane region of Maharashtra, India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 173 (1-4), 643, 2011.
• 11. ALVAREZ-BERNAL D., CONTRERAS-RAMOS S.M., TRUJILLO-TAPIA N., OLALDE-PORTUGAL V., FRÍAS-HERNÁNDEZ J.T., DENDOOVEN L. Effects of tanneries wastewater on chemical and biological soil characteristics. Applied Soil Ecology, 33 (3), 269, 2006.
• 12. GOWD S.S., REDDY M.R., GOVIL P.K. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in soils at Jajmau (Kanpur) and Unnao industrial areas of the Ganga Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 174 (1), 113, 2010.
• 13. MOSELEY Jr, H.R. Summary of API onshore drilling mud and produced water environmental studies. In IADC/SPE Drilling Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, pp 20-23, New Orleans, LA., Jan., 1983.
• 14. SIL A., WAKADIKAR K., KUMAR S., BABU S.S., SIVAGAMI, S.P.M., TANDON S., HETTIARATCHI, P. Toxicity characteristics of drilling mud and its effect on aquatic fish populations. Journal of Hazardous, Toxic and Radioactive Waste, 16 (1), 51, 2012.
• 15. SOEGIANTO A., IRAWAN B., AFFANDI M. Toxicity of drilling waste and its impact on gill structure of post larvae of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon). Global Journal of Environmental Research, 2 (1), 36, 2008.
• 16. BALK L., HYLLAND K., HANSSON T., BERNTSSEN M.H., BEYER J., JONSSON G., SKARPHEDINSDOTTIR, H. Biomarkers in natural fish populations indicate adverse biological effects of offshore oil production. PLoS One, 6 (5), e19735, 2011.
• 17. ONWUKWE, S. I., NWAKAUDU, M. S. Drilling wastes generation and management approach. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 3(3), 252, 2012.
• 18. ULLAH R., MALIK R.N., QADIR A. Assessment of groundwater contamination in an industrial city, Sialkot, Pakistan. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 3 (12), 429, 2009.
• 19. MALIK R.N., JADOON, W.A., HUSAIN S.Z. Metal contamination of surface soils of industrial city Sialkot, Pakistan: A multivariate and GIS approach. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 32 (3), 191, 2010.
• 20. BAREEN F.E., TAHIRA S.A. Metal accumulation potential of wild plants in tannery effluent contaminated soil of Kasur, Pakistan: Field trials for toxic metal cleanup using Suaeda fruticosa. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 186 (1), 443, 2011.
• 21. AZIZULLAH A., KHATTAK M.N.K., RICHTER P., HÄDER D.P. Water pollution in Pakistan and its impact on public health. Environment International, 37 (2), 479, 2011.
• 22. IQBAL H.H., SHAHID N., QADIR A., AHMAD S.R., SARWAR S., ASHRAF M.R., MASOOD N. Hydrological and ichthyological impact assessment of Rasul Barrage, River Jhelum, Pakistan. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 26 (1), 107, 2017.
• 23. SUN Y. Ecological risk evaluation of heavy metal pollution in soil based on simulation. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 26 (4), 1693, 2017.
• 24. LOSKA K., WIECHUŁA D., KORUS I. Metal contamination of farming soils affected by industry. Environment International, 30 (2), 159, 2004.
• 25. TARIQ S.R., SHAH M.H., SHAHEEN N., KHALIQUE A., MANZOOR S., JAFFAR M. Multivariate analysis of trace metal levels in tannery effluents in relation to soil and water: A case study from Peshawar, Pakistan. Journal of Environmental Management, 79 (1), 20, 2006.
• 26. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Board of Investment and Trade (KPBIOT), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The unrevealed story, Investment Guide Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan, 2016.
• 27. Federal Bureau of Statistics, Pakistan, Statistical Year Book 2015, Government of Pakistan: Federal Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad, 2015.
• 28. RADOJEVIC M., BASHKIN V.N. Practical Environmental Analysis, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 132, 1999.
• 29. US Environment Protection Agency (USEPA), Science and Ecosystem Support Division (SESD). Operating procedure for soil sampling, United States Environment Protection Agency, SESD, Athens Georgia, 05, 2007.
• 30. RUMP H.H. Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Water, Wastewater and Soil (Ed. 3). Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 1999.
• 31. US Environment Protection Agency (USEPA). SW846 Test Method 7000B: Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, United States Environment Protection Agency, Washington DC, 2007.
• 32. NEEL C., SOUBRAND-COLIN M., PIQUET-PISSALOUX A., BRIL H. Mobility and bioavailability of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in a basaltic grassland: Comparison of selective extractions with quantitative approaches at different scales. Applied Geochemistry, 22 (4), 724, 2007.
• 33. AL-ANBARI R., AL-OBAIDY A.H.M.J., ALI F.H.A. Pollution loads and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in the urban soil affected by various anthropogenic activities, International Journal of Advanced Research, 3 (2), 104, 2015.
• 34. LIU Y., YU H., SUN Y., CHEN J. Novel assessment method of heavy metal pollution in surface water: A case study of Yangping River in Lingbao City, China. Environmental Engineering Research, 22 (1), 31, 2016.
• 35. HU B., JIA X., HU J., XU D., XIA F., LI Y. Assessment of heavy metal pollution and health risks in the soil-plant-human system in the Yangtze River delta, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14 (9), 1042, 2017.
• 36. IZAH S.C., BASSEY S.E., OHIMAIN E.I. Assessment of pollution load indices of heavy metals in cassava mill effluents contaminated soil: A case study of small-scale processors in a rural community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Bioscience Methods, 8 (1), 1, 2017.
• 37. IBM Corp. IBM Statistics SPSS for Windows, version 22, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Released, 2013.
• 38. BAKKE T., KLUNGSØYR J., SANNI S. Environmental impacts of produced water and drilling waste discharges from the Norwegian offshore petroleum industry. Marine Environmental Research, 92, 154, 2013.
• 39. Pakistan Environment Protection Agency (Pak-EPA). National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) for Municipal and Liquid Industrial Effluents, Islamabad, Pakistan, Revised December 28, 1999.
• 40. US State of Louisiana, Louisiana Statewide Order No. 29-B, Title 43, Natural Resources, Part XIX, Office of Conservation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 2010.
• 41. PATIN S. Environmental impact of the offshore oil and gas industry. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 3 (1), 173, 2001.
• 42. ADILOĞLU S. Using phytoremediation with canola to remove cobalt from agricultural soils. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 25 (6), 2251, 2016.
• 43. ZHAN Q., QIAN C., WANG M. In situ bioremediation of heavy metals in contaminated soil using microbial agents and planting experiments. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 24 (3), 1395, 2015.
• 44. AFZAL M., KHAN Q.M., SESSITSCH A. Endophytic bacteria: Prospects and applications for the phytoremediation of organic pollutants. Chemosphere, 117, 232, 2014.
• 45. SALEEM H. Plant-bacteria partnership: Phytoremediation of hydrocarbons contaminated soil and expression of catabolic genes. Bulletin of Environ Studies 1 (1), 19, 2016.
• 46. REHMANA K., IMRAN A., AMIN I., AFZAL M. Inoculation with bacteria in floating treatment wetlands positively modulates the phytoremediation of oil field wastewater. Journal of Hazardous Materials 249, 242, 2018.
• 47. KHAN S., AFZAL M., IQBAL S., KHAN Q.M. Plant-bacteria partnerships for the remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Chemosphere 90, 1317, 2013.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15244/pjoes/85301