Morpho-physiology and maize grain yield under periodic soil flooding in successive selection cycles

• Autorzy: Souza T.C. , Magalhaes P. C. , Pereira F. J. , Castro E. M. , Parentoni N.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This study was carried out to evaluate maize plants of different recurrent selection cycles of the variety (Zea mays L.—Saracura-BRS-4154) regarded to genetic gains, morphophysiology, and grain yield, achieved over the selection cycles under intermittent flooding of the soil. This variety has the capacity to survive and produce in temporarily flooded soils and was developed by the National Maize and Sorghum Research Center (EMBRAPA). The experiment was conducted in greenhouse by using ten alternating selection cycles (Cycle 1–18) and BR 107 a variety known for its susceptibility to flooding. The flooding initiated at six-leaf stage by applying 50 mm of water three times a week. At flowering, the following parameters were evaluated: rate of leaf photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, transpiration rate, photosynthetically active leaf area, root porosity, relative chlorophyll content, grain yield, harvest index, ear length, and interval between male and female flowering. Yield as a function of root porosity and photosynthesis were also evaluated. An index was created in this study, in order to help the discussion of the characteristics evaluated, it was called ‘‘Relative Tolerance Value— RTV’’, only gaseous exchange measurements was not included in this index. By the way, it was observed throughout the selection cycles an increase in all gaseous exchange parameters, being the cycle 18, the one which presented the greatest averages. RTV for leaf area showed the greatest values for cycles 7 and 18, whereas root porosity, chlorophyll relative content, and harvest index, the greater RTV values were found in cycles 17 and 18. The largest grain yield RTV was observed in cycle 7, followed by cycles 13, 15, and 18. Flooding resulted in longer Anthesis-Silking Interval, especially for the first cycles. At flooding condition, grain yield was strongly related to root porosity (R² = 0.66). These results showed that the selection cycles of ‘‘Saracura’’ maize improved some morphophysiologic characters, which favor their survival in flooded environments, also resulting in higher productivity.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: 33
• Numer: 5
• Opis fizyczny: p.1877-1885,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Souza T.C.

• Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Campus Universitario, Caixa Postal

autor

Magalhaes P. C.

• Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Milho e Sorgo, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG, CEP 35701-970, Brazil

autor

Pereira F. J.

• Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Campus Universitario, Caixa Postal 37, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil

autor

Castro E. M.

• Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Setor de Fisiologia Vegetal, Campus Universitario, Caixa Postal 37, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil

autor

Parentoni N.

• Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Milho e Sorgo, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG, CEP 35701-970, Brazil

Bibliografia

• Chen H, Qualls RG, Balk RR (2005) Effect of soil flooding on photosynthesis, carbohydrate partitioning and nutrient uptake in the invasive exotic Lepidum latifolium. Aquat Bot 82:250–268
• Colmer TD (2003) Long-distance transport of gases in plants a perspective on internal aeration and radial oxygen loss from roots. Plant Cell Environ 26:17–36
• Dat JF, Capelli N, Flozer H, Bourgeade P, Badot M (2004) Sensing and signaling during plant flooding. Plant Physiol Biochem 42:273–282
• Durães FOM, Magalhães PC, Oliveira AC (2002) Genetical harvest índex and possibilities of the physiological genetics to improve maize yield. Braz J Maize Sorghum 1:33–40
• Ferreira JL, Coelho CHM, Magalhães PC, Gama EEG, Borem A (2007) Genetic variability and morphological modifications in flooding tolerance in maize, variety BRS-4154. Crop Breed Appl Biotechnol 7:314–320
• Ferreira JL, Magalhães PC, Borém A (2008) Evaluation of three physiologic characteristics in four selection cycles in maize cultivar BRS-4154 under tolerance to waterlogging of the soil. Ciência Agrotecnol 32:1719–1723
• Grineva GM, Bragina TV (1993) Formation of adaptations to flooding in corn: structural and functional parameters. Russ Plant Physiol 40:583–587
• Islam MR, Hamid A, Karim MA, Haque MM, Khaliq QA, Ahmed JU (2008) Gas exchanges and yield responses of mungbean (Vigna radiate L. Wilczek) genotypes differing in flooding tolerance. Acta Physiol Plant 30:697–707
• Jessen CR, Luxmoor RJ, Van Gundy SD, Stolzy HL (1969) Root air space measurements by a pycnometer method. Agron J 61:474–475
• Lenochová Z, Soukup A, Votrubová O (2009) Aerenchyma formation in maize roots. Biol Plant 53:263–270
• Li SW, Pezeshki SR, Goodwin S (2004) Effects of soil moisture regimes on photosynthesis and growth in cattail (Typha latifolia). Acta Oecol 25:17–22
• Liao CT, Lin CH (2001) Physiological adaptation of crop plants to flooding stress. Proc Nat Sci Council 25:148–157
• Lizaso JL, Melendez LM, Ramirez R (2001) Early flooding of two cultivars of tropical maize. I shoot and root growth. J Plant Nutr 24:979–995
• Long SP, Zhu X-C, Naidu SL, Ort DR (2006) Can improvement in photosynthesis increase crop yields? Plant Cell Environ 29:315–330
• Lynch JP, Ho MD (2005) Rhizoeconomics: carbon costs of phosphorus acquisition. Plant Soil 269:45–56
• Magalhães PC, Ferrer JLR, Alves JD, Vasconsellos CA, Cantăo FRO (2007) Effects of calcium on the tolerance of Saracura maize BRS-4154 under soil flooding conditions. Braz J Maize Sorghum 6:40–49
• Pereira FJ, Castro EM, Souza TC, Magalhães PC (2008) Evolution of the root anatomy of ‘Saracura’ maize in successive selection cycles. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 43:1649–1656
• Sairam RK, Kumutha D, Ezhilmathi K, Deshmukh PS, Srivastava GC (2008) Physiology and biochemistry of waterlogging tolerance in plants. Biol Plant 52:401–412
• Santos HG, Jacomine PKT, Anjos LHC, Oliveira VA, Oliveira JB, Coelho MR, Lumbreras JF, Cunha TJF (2006) Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. Embrapa Solos, Rio de Janeiro
• Silva SDA, Sereno MJCCM, Silva CFL, Oliveira AC, Barbosa Neto J (2007) Inheritance of tolerance to flooded soils in maize. Crop Bread Appl Biotechnol 7:165–172
• Souza TC, Castro EM, Pereira FJ, Parentoni SN, Magalhães PC (2009) Morpho-anatomical characterization of root in recurrent selection cycles for flood tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.). Plant Soil Environ 55:504–510
• Souza TC, Magalhães PC, Pereira FP, Castro EM, Silva Junior JM, Parentoni SN (2010) Leaf plasticity in successive selection cycles of ‘Saracura’ maize in response to periodic soil flooding. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 45:16–24
• Vitorino PG, Alves JD, Magalhães PC, Magalhăes MM, Lima LCO, Oliveira LEM (2001) Flooding tolerance and cell wall alterations in maize mesocotyl during hypoxia. Pesqui Agropecu Bras 36:1027–1035
• Vodnik PG, Strajnar P, Jemc S, Macek I (2009) Respiratory potential of maize (Zea mays L.) roots exposed to hypoxia. Environ Exp Bot 65:107–110
• Yordanova RY, Popova LP (2007) Flooding-induced changes in photosynthesis and oxidative status in maize plants. Acta Physiol Plant 29:535–541
• Yordanova RY, Uzunova A, Popova LP (2005) Effects of short-term soil flooding on stomata behaviour and leaf gas exchange in barley plants. Biol Plant 49:317–319
• Zaidi PH, Rafique S, Singh NN (2003) Response of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes to excess soil moisture stress: morphophysiological effects and basis of tolerance. Eur J Agron 19:383–399
• Zaidi PH, Rafique S, Singh NN, Srinivasan G (2004) Tolerance to excess moisture in maize (Zea mays L.): susceptible crop stages and identification of tolerant genotypes. Field Crops Res 90:189–202
• Zaidi PH, Maniselvan P, Yadav P, Singh AK, Sultana R, Dureja P, Singh RP, Srinivasan G (2007a) Stress-adaptive changes in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) under excessive soil moisture stress. Maydica 52:159–171
• Zaidi PH, Selvan PM, Sultana R, Srivastava A, Singh AK, Srinavasan G, Singh RP, Singh PP (2007b) Association between line per se and hybrid performance under excessive soil moisture stress in tropical maize (Zea mays L.). Field Crops Res 101:117–126

Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu