EN
Jerzy Choróbski, a distinguished neurosurgeon, who established Polish modern neurosurgery, graduated in medicine from the Jagiellonian University in 1926 and developed his career in European and American clinics. In 1920s he studied in Paris and mastered his talent among the elite European neurologists, neurosurgeons and psychiatrists of those days (Bidziński 2008). In 1930s, as a grantee of M. Ottman and Rockefeller Foundations, Choróbski specialized in neurosurgery under supervision of Prof. Penfi eld in Montreal. Many of his scientifi c relations outlasted the time of World War II and resulted in visits of leading neurosurgeons in Poland. Under diffi cult facility circumstances, on 6 November 1935 Choróbski opened a 15-bed Neurosurgery Ward at the Department of Neurological Diseases of the Warsaw University. He considered that date as the beginning of Polish modern neurosurgery. Choróbski broaden the spectrum of neurosurgeries being performed so far and many were conducted in Poland for the fi rst time. In addition to brain, cerebellar or spinal cord tumors, he developed surgical treatment of sympathetic system diseases, which couldn’t be cured pharmacologically at that time. Together with progress of diagnostic techniques, Choróbski introduced surgical treatment of epilepsy based on Penfi eld school approach and developed therapy of brain vascular diseases. This talented neurosurgeon established also surgical treatment of involuntary movements (Choróbski 1961, 1962).