Verbal communication mistakes related to use of negation

• Autorzy: Maciuszek J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The purpose of the article is an analysis of the communication mistakes connected with using of negations. We consider this issue in the context of the basic language function, that is communication competence and in the con¬text of the speech acts theory. In the article we refer to three important negation types that are related to speech acts: firstly - clause negation; secondly - performative negation; thirdly - negation in directives (orders, requests, de¬mands, recommendations, persuasions, warnings, questions etc. are included among directives). According to the schema-plus-tag model encoding clause negation may activate associations that are inconsistent with the meaning of the message and provoke mistakes in communication process. The communication mistakes related to use of performative negation we consider from the viewpoint of semantic and cognitive complexity of such statements and from the viewpoint of persuasion paradoxes that are evoked by multiple negations. Use of negated directives may also generate paradoxical effects and lead to results that are exactly opposite to a sender’s intention.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Ergonomia
• Rocznik: 2007
• Tom: 29
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.25-34,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Maciuszek J.

• Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

Bibliografia

• Austin JL, 1962, How to do with words. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
• Chase WG, Clark HH, 1972, Mental operations in the comparison of sentences and pictures, [in:] Gregg L. (ed.), Cognition in learning and memory. Wiley, New York, 205-232.
• Clark HH, Chase WG, 1972, On the process of comparing sentences against pictures. Cogni¬tive Psychology, 3, 472-517.
• Grice HP, 1975, Logic and conversation, [in:] Cole P and Morgan J (eds.), Syntax and seman¬tics, Vol. 3: Speech acts. Academic Press, New York, 41-58.
• Horn LR, 1989, A natural history of negation. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
• Hymes D, 1972, On communicative competence, [in:] Pride JB and Holmes J (eds.), Sociolin¬guistics. Penguin, Harmondsworth, 269-293-
• Just MA, Carpenter PA, 1971, Comprehension of negation with quantification. Journal of Verbal Learning Behavior, 10, 244-253-
• Kaup B, Zwaan RA, 2003, Effects of negation and situational presence on the accessibility of text information .Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory&Cognition, 29, 439-446.
• Kaup B, Lϋdtke J, Zwaan RA, 2005, Effects of negation, truth value, and delay on picture recognition after reading affirmative and negative sentences. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society.
• Kaup B, Zwaan RA, Lϋdtke J, 2006, The experiential view of language comprehension: How is negated text information represented? [in:] Schmalhofer F, and Perfetti CA, (eds.), Higher-level language processes in the brain: Inference and comprehension processes. Erlbaum, Mahwah.
• Kurcz I, 1987, Język a reprezentacja świata w umyśle (Language and the mental representa¬tion of the world). PWN, Warszawa.
• Kurcz I, 2005, Psychologia języka i komunikacji (Psychology of Language and Communica¬tion). Wydawnictwo Naukowe SCHOLAR, Warszawa.
• Lyons J, 1977, Semantics. Vol. 2 , University Press, Cambridge.
• MacDonald MC, Just MA, 1989, Changes in activation levels with negation .Journal of Experi¬mental Psychology, 15, 633-642.
• Maciuszek J, 2006, Negacja w języku i komunikacji (Negation in language and communinca- tion). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagielońskiego, Kraków.
• Mayo R, Schul Y, Burnstein E, 2004, ,J am not guilty,, vs „I am innocent,,: Successful negation may depend on the schema used for its encoding. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 433-449.
• Peterson R, Wilson WR, 1992, Measuring customer satisfaction: Fact and artifact. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 20, 61-71.
• Robbins SP, 2000, Essentials of Organizational Behavior, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs.
• Searle JR, 1969, Speech acts. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Searle JR, 1971, What is a Speech Act? [in:] Searle JR (ed.), The Philosophy of Language. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
• Searle JR, 1975, A taxonomy of illocutionary acts, [in:] Gunderson K (ed.), Minnesota studies in the philosophy of language. University of Minnesota Press.
• Searle JR, 1977, Spreech Acts. An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge University Press, London.
• Thomas KW, Schmidt WH, 1976, A Survey of Managerial Interest with Respect to Conflict. Academy of Management Journal, June, 317-318.
• Wason PC, 1965, The context of plausible denial. Journal of verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 4, 7-11.
• Wegner DM, Wenzlaff R, Kerker MR, Beattie AE, 1981, Incrimation through innuendo: can media questions become public answers? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 822-832.

Uwagi

PL

Rekord w opracowaniu