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2015 | 45 | 2 |

Tytuł artykułu

Gill raker counting for approximating the ratio of river- and sea-spawning whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) in the Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

EN

Abstrakty

EN
Background. The ability to distinguish between stocks in mixed fisheries is a prerequisite for a sustainable fisheries management. In the Gulf of Bothnia the relative contribution of endangered river-spawning and sea-spawning whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus (Linnaeus, 1758), to fisheries catches are currently not well known. This also applies to the southern Åland Islands, a major feeding ground for river-spawning whitefish from northern rivers. River- and sea-spawning whitefish are mixed while away from the breeding grounds and off the spawning season, and cannot be distinguished based on external features. Materials and Methods. Analysis on gill raker numbers of river-spawning (n = 480) and sea-spawning (n = 456) whitefish from twelve locations at the Finnish west coast and the Åland Islands was performed. In whitefish sampled from feeding grounds at the Åland Islands the strontium concentration was analysed in otoliths from fish (n = 20) with low (27) and high (30) number of gill rakers. Results. A marked difference in the mean gill raker number of the river- and sea-spawning whitefish stocks was observed. The weighted mean of gill rakers of whitefish caught at spawning locations showed that the number of gill rakers of fish from rivers and the sea were 29.9 ± 2.14 (n = 480) and 26.7 ± 2.21 (n = 456), respectively. The difference between the two groups was highly significant (t = 22.50, df = 934, P < 0.0001). The means differed by 3.20 (2.92–3.48, 95% CL) indicating the groups are well separated. In whitefish sampled at feeding grounds at the Åland Islands, otolith strontium concentration was higher (t = 2.09, df = 18, P = 0.04) in fish having 27 gill rakers (3.86 ± 0.30 mg · g–1, n = 10), compared to those having 30 gill rakers (3.54 ± 0.35 mg · g–1, n = 10). Otolith strontium analysis thereby supported the utility of gill raker counting data for estimating the proportion of river- and sea-spawning whitefish in mixed populations. As expected, the gill raker counting method successfully indicated temporal alterations in the proportions of river- and sea-spawning whitefish on feeding grounds. Conclusion. Gill raker counting is an easy, fast, and inexpensive method that can be used to estimate the spatiotemporal occurrence and migratory patterns of river- and sea-spawning whitefish at the southern feeding grounds in the Gulf of Bothnia, and thereby aid in a sustainable management of whitefish stocks.

Słowa kluczowe

Wydawca

-

Rocznik

Tom

45

Numer

2

Opis fizyczny

p.125-131,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

  • Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology and Husö Biological Station, Environmental and Marine Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
  • Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology and Husö Biological Station, Environmental and Marine Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
autor
  • Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
  • Department of Aquaculture, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
  • Accelerator Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, Abo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
autor
  • Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology and Husö Biological Station, Environmental and Marine Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
autor
  • Accelerator Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, Abo Akademi University, Abo, Finland
  • Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology and Husö Biological Station, Environmental and Marine Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, Abo, Finland

Bibliografia

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  • Dahr E. 1947. Biologiska studier över siken, Coregonus lavaretus Linné, vid mellansvenska Östersjökusten.[Biological studies of the whitefi sh, Coregonus lavaretus Linné, at the middle Swedish Baltic Sea coast.] Meddelanden from Statens undersöknings- och försöksanstalt för sötvattensfi sket, Kungliga Lantbruksstyrelsen 28: 1–79. [In Swedish.]
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  • Elsdon T.S., Wells B.K., Campana S.E., Gillanders B.M., Jones C.M., Limburg K.E., Secor D.H.,Thorrold S.R., Walther B.D. 2008. Otolith chemistry to describe movements and life-history parameters of fishes: Hypotheses, assumptions, limitations and inferences. Pp. 297–330. In: Gibson R.N., Atkinson R.J.A.,Gordon J.D.M. (eds.) Oceanography and Marine Biology:An Annual Review Vol. 46.DOI: 10.1201/9781420065756.ch7.
  • Engstedt O., Koch-Schmidt P., Larsson P. 2012. Strontium (Sr) uptake from water and food in otoliths of juvenile pike (Esox lucius L.). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 418–419: 69–74.DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2012.03.007
  • Engstedt O., Stenroth P., Larsson P., Ljunggren L.,Elfman M. 2010. Assessment of natal origin of pike (Esox lucius) in the Baltic Sea using Sr:Ca in otoliths. Environmental Biology of Fishes 89 (3–4): 547–555. DOI: 10.1007/s10641-010-9686-x
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  • Lehtonen H., Himberg M. 1979. Sikbestånd och sikfångster vid våra kuster. [Whitefi sh stocks and catches at our coasts.] Fiskeritidskrift för Finland 23 (4): 68–72. [In Swedish.]
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  • Leskelä A., Jokikokko E., Huhmarniemi A. 2009.Perämeren vaellussiikaistutusten tulokset. [Results from the stocking of river-spawning whitefish in the Gulf of Bothnia.] Riista- ja kalatalouden tutkimuslaitos, Helsinki No. 7. [In Finnish.]
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  • Secor D.H., Rooker J.R. 2000. Is otolith strontium a useful scalar of life cycles in estuarine fishes? Fisheries Research 46 (1–3): 359–371.DOI: 10.1016/S0165-7836(00)00159-4
  • Siwertsson A., Knudsen R., Amundsen P.-A. 2012.Temporal stability in gill raker numbers of subarctic European whitefi sh populations. Advances in Limnology 63: 229–240.DOI: 10.1127/advlim/63/2012/229
  • Svärdson G. 1957. The coregonid problem. VI. The palearctic species and their intergrades. Institute of Freshwater Research Drottningholm: Report No. 38: 267–356.
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  • Vanhatalo J., Veneranta L., Hudd R. 2012. Species distribution modeling with Gaussian processes: A case study with the youngest stages of sea spawning whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L. s.l.) larvae. Ecological Modelling 228: 49–58.DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.12.025
  • Veneranta L., Hudd R., Vanhatalo J. 2013. Reproduction areas of sea-spawning coregonids reflect the environment in shallow coastal waters. Marine Ecology Progress Series 477: 231–250.DOI: 10.3354/meps10169
  • Verliin A., Kotta J., Orav-Kotta H., Saks L., Vetemaa M. 2011. Food selection of Coregonus lavaretus in a brackish water ecosystem. Journal of Fish Biology 78 (2): 540–551.DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02870.x
  • Wikgren B.-J. 1962. Resultaten av sikmärkningar Inom Åland och vid Luvia. [Results from whitefish tagging at the Åland Islands and Luvia.] Åbo Akademi-Ålands landskapsstyrelse. Husö Biologiska Station Meddelanden 3: 1–26. [In Swedish.]
  • Zimmerman C.E. 2005. Relationship of otolith strontium-to-calcium ratios and salinity: Experimental validation for juvenile salmonids. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62 (1): 88–97.DOI: 10.1139/F04-182

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikatory

Identyfikator YADDA

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