Production of the secondary metabolites in Salvia miltiorrhiza in vitro cultures

• Autorzy: Dreger M. , Krajewska-Patan A. , Gorska-Paukszta M. , Pieszak M. , Buchwald W. , Mikolajczak P.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Produkcja metabolitów wtórnych w kulturach in vitro szałwii czerwonokorzeniowej (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Salvia miltiorrhiza (family: Lamiaceae) is well known as Danshen in traditional Chinese medicine. It is used mainly in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. A number of pharmacological studies have proved its wide spectrum of pharmacological activities: cardiovascular protective effect, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antimicrobial and anticancer. The roots of S. miltiorrhiza contain two main groups of active compounds: phenolic constituents and abietane-type diterpenoids (tanshinones). The studies on S. miltiorrhiza in vitro cultures have been focused on secondary metabolites production for over two decades. Both cultures, undifferentiated and transformed, are able to synthesize the active compounds but their content is low. The elicitation treatment significantly enhances the metabolites content at a level close or much higher than in the intact plants. The induction effect depends on many factors: the kind and dose of the elicitor, the type of the culture and its susceptibility, time and ways of administration, the growth state of tissues etc. The yeast extract and some heavy metal ions effectively induce tanshinones biosynthesis such as cryptotanshinone, whereas methyl jasmonate stimulate mainly phenolic compounds – lithospermic acid B and demonstrated limited effect on diterpenoids accumulation. Nowadays, the much attention has been paid to the biosynthetic pathways and genes including expression profiling and cloning. The recognition of the genes pathways and the transcription factors (including the signal transduction steps level) will be helpful in better understanding of the regulatory mechanism and improvement of the production of the interesting secondary metabolites and eventually appliance in the industry.

PL

Szałwia czerwonokorzeniowa (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge; rodzina: Lamiaceae) należy do najbardziej znanych ziół w chińskiej medycynie ludowej (Danshen) i od wieków używanych głównie w leczeniu chorób i schorzeń układu krążenia. Liczne badania farmakologiczne potwierdzają szerokie spektrum działania, z których najważniejsze to protekcyjne działanie na układ sercowo-naczyniowy, aktywność antyoksydacyjna i przeciwzapalna, a także neuroprotekcyjna, przeciwdrobnoustrojowa i antynowotworowa. Korzenie tego gatunku zawierają dwie główne grupy związków: związki fenolowe i tanszinony (diterpeny typu abietanu). Badania nad produkcją metabolitów wtórnych w kulturach in vitro Salvia miltiorrhiza prowadzone są od ponad dwudziestu lat. Stwierdzono, że zarówno kultury niezróżnicowanych tkanek, jak i kultury transformowane zdolne są do produkcji związków biologicznie czynnych, choć ich zawartość jest zazwyczaj niska. Zastosowanie elicytorów zwiększa zawartość metabolitów do poziomu zbliżonego lub przewyższającego zawartość w roślinach z gruntu. Efekt elicytacji zależny jest od wielu czynników: rodzaju kultury i jej podatności na działanie elicytora, rodzaju i dawki elicytora oraz terminu i sposobu jego podania, a także fazy wzrostu kultury etc. Stwierdzono, że wyciąg drożdżowy i niektóre jony metali ciężkich stymulują biosyntezę tanszinonów (głównie kryptotanszinonu), natomiast jasmonian metylu – kwasów fenolowych, bez większego wpływu na syntezę diterpenów. Obecnie badania skupiają się głównie na studiowaniu szlaków metabolicznych i enzymów oraz odpowiedzialnych genów. Dokładne poznanie genów odpowiedzialnych za biosyntezę metabolitów i jej regulację (transdukcja sygnałów, czynniki transkrypcyjne) przyczyni się nie tylko do lepszego zrozumienia mechanizmów regulujących i kontrolujących wytwarzanie produktów przemiany materii, ale także do wydajniejszej ich produkcji w kulturach in vitro, a docelowo do zastosowania w produkcji dla potrzeb przemysłu farmaceutycznego.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Herba Polonica
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 56
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.78-90,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Dreger M.

• Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Libelta 27, 61-707 Poznan, Poland

autor

Krajewska-Patan A.

autor

Gorska-Paukszta M.

autor

Pieszak M.

autor

Buchwald W.

autor

Mikolajczak P.

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