Zmiany właściwości fizykochemicznych i sensorycznych mięsa wołowego w zależności od warunków jego dojrzewania

• Autorzy: Domaradzki P. , Litwinczuk Z. , Florek M. , Litwinczuk A.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Changes in physicochemical and sensory properties of beef meat depending on its ageing conditions

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Pod względem wartości odżywczej wołowina jest bardzo cenionym gatunkiem mięsa. W celu uzyskania wysokiej wartości kulinarnej surowiec ten wymaga zabiegów, prowadzących przede wszystkim do wykształcenia pożądanych właściwości sensorycznych. Znaczącą poprawę cech jakościowych wołowina uzyskuje w trakcie odpowiednio długiego okresu dojrzewania, tj. naturalnego procesu zachodzącego po ustąpieniu fazy rigor mortis w każdym mięśniu tuszy. Proces dojrzewania wołowiny w warunkach chłodniczych stosowany jest od ponad stulecia. Współcześnie na skalę przemysłową stosuje się dojrzewanie suche lub mokre. Ma ono charakter zamierzony (celowy) lub prowadzone jest przypadkowo, jako jeden z elementów dystrybucji i sprzedaży mięsa. W pracy przedstawiono różne metody i warunki, w jakich prowadzone jest dojrzewanie wołowiny (w tym pakowanie) oraz ich wpływ na cechy jakościowe mięsa (wodochłonność, kruchość i smakowitość). Oprócz bezsprzecznie pozytywnych aspektów związanych z poubojowym dojrzewaniem mięsa przedstawiono również procesy mogące negatywnie wpływać na końcową jego jakość, wynikającą przede wszystkim z oksydacji składników tkanki mięśniowej (lipidów, barwników i białek). Odpowiednio prowadzony (najczęściej w warunkach próżniowych) proces poubojowego dojrzewania wołowiny pozwala na uzyskanie produktu o wysokiej jakości, tzn. odpowiedniej kruchości i smakowitości oraz bezpieczny pod względem zdrowotnym. Analiza dostępnej literatury pozwala na stwierdzenie, że kulinarne mięso wołowe osiąga pełnię swoich walorów sensorycznych w trzecim tygodniu dojrzewania w temp. 2 ÷ 4 ºC.

EN

In terms of nutritional value beef is a very valued variety of meat. In order to obtain a high culinary value, this raw material requires treatments to develop desirable sensory properties of meat. The quality characteristics of beef are substantially improved during a reasonably long period of ageing, which is a natural process that takes place in each muscle of the carcass after a rigor mortis phase. Beef has been aged in cold storage conditions for over a century. Dry or wet ageing are currently used on an industrial scale. They are carried out either intentionally (with a target set) or incidentally as one of the elements of meat distribution and sales. The paper presents various methods and conditions of beef ageing (including packaging) and their effect on the quality properties of meat (water-holding capacity, tenderness, and palatability). In addition to the unquestionably positive aspects of post-slaughter ageing of beef, those processes are also shown, which may negatively affect the final meat quality, mainly because of the oxidation of muscle tissue components (lipids, pigments, and proteins). When conducted properly (usually under the vacuum conditions), the post-mortem ageing process of beef meat makes it possible to obtain a product of high quality, i.e. properly tender and palatable as well as safe in terms of health. The analysis of the reference literature available shows that the culinary beef meat achieves its full sensory values in the third week of ageing at 2 ÷ 4 ºC.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

mieso wolowe; dojrzewanie miesa; utlenianie; wlasciwosci fizykochemiczne; wlasciwosci sensoryczne; zmiany wlasciwosci sensorycznych; zmiany wlasciwosci fizykochemicznych; pakowanie; systemy pakowania

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 23
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: s.35-53,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Domaradzki P.

• Katedra Towaroznawstwa i Przetwórstwa Surowców Zwierzęcych, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

autor

Litwinczuk Z.

• Katedra Hodowli i Ochrony Zasobów Genetycznych Bydła, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

autor

Florek M.

• Katedra Towaroznawstwa i Przetwórstwa Surowców Zwierzęcych, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

autor

Litwinczuk A.

• Katedra Towaroznawstwa i Przetwórstwa Surowców Zwierzęcych, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15193/ZNTJ/2016/106/124