PL
Cypripedium calceolus L. is a threatened species in Poland and critically threatened in Lower Silesia. Among ca. 45 recorded regional subpopulations only 14 currently exist. In the mountains and in the foothills it grows mainly in orchid beech forest Cephalanthero-Fagetum and their modified forms as well as in degraded Central-European oak-hornbeam forest Galio-Carpinetum. The only lowland stand is situated in highly modified dryland forest. In one locality lady's slipper orchids maintain in degenerating xerothermic grassland of the Bromion alliance. The paper contains phytosociological documentation of all associations, a complete list of localities and an up-to-date distribution map of the species in the region.