Evaluation of anthropometric parameters based on emotional eating

• Autorzy: Gazarova M. , Tobola N.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. Emotions and moods are important regulators of food intake. While initially excessive intake, especially of unhealthy foods, was associated with negative emotions, now the emphasis is also on positive ones. Objective. The aim of the work was to evaluate the emotional behavior of a selected group of the Slovak population in relation to nutritional behavior, as well as in relation to body composition, and to identify correlations between emotional eating and body composition. Material and Methods. One hundred and eighty volunteers were involved in the study. To assess the emotional aspects of eating, we used a questionnaire developed within the EATMOT project. Body composition was analyzed using a bioimpedance device InBody 970 (multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance/MF-BIA). Results. The results showed that participants who relieve stress by eating had significantly the lowest values of parameters related to muscle mass (SLM, FFM, SMM, BMR). Participants who consume food that corrects their body weight had significantly the lowest values of fat parameters and in most cases the highest values of parameters related to muscle mass. The analysis showed a strong correlation between question Q1 and Q6 (r = 0.649; P < 0.001), Q8 (r = 0.636; P < 0.001) and Q9 (r = 0.651; P < 0.001). The questions mentioned form block 1, in which food represents a form of escape. A strong correlation was also confirmed between Q6 and Q8 (r = 0.658; P < 0.001) and a moderate one with Q7 (r = 0.488; P < 0.001). A strong correlation was also found in the case of Q8 and Q9 (r = 0.575; P < 0.001) and a moderate one with Q5 (r = 0.491; P < 0.001). We did not find any significant differences between block 1 and block 2 (positive emotions) (P > 0.05). The values of anthropometric parameters in block 1 were significantly different from the values corresponding to question Q2. As expected, participants in Q2 had lower values of fat parameters and higher values related to muscle mass than participants in block 1. Conclusions. Emotional eating has a significant impact on body composition. However, it should be clearly pointed out that emotional eating is not only associated with negative feelings, but also with positive ones. We can eat not only stress and depressive states, but also feelings of happiness and well-being. The results showed that the values of anthropometric parameters did not differ significantly between those who associate food with negative emotions and those who associate its consumption with positive emotions. However, it was clearly confirmed that those who choose food consciously in relation to the sustainability of adequate body weight also achieved the most optimal values of anthropometric parameters.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: 76
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.1-9,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Gazarova M.

• Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic

autor

Tobola N.

• Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Pula K, Parks CD, Ross CF. Regulatory focus and food choice motives. Prevention orientation associated with mood, convenience, and familiarity. Appetite. 2014;78:15-22. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.02.015.
• 2. Gažarová M, Kopčeková J, Mrázová J, Chlebo P. Effect of gluten-free bakery products on serum levels of mineral elements in healthy consumers. Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica. 2020;51(2):41-50. doi: 10.2478/sab-2020-0006.
• 3. Gažarová M, Lenártová P, Struharňanská L. Nutritional Value Of Gluten-Free Products Using The Front-Of-Pack Labeling Nutri-Score. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2023;74(4):363-371. doi: 10.32394/rpzh.2023.0277.
• 4. Gažarová M, Toman R, Lenártová P, Pšenková M, Habánová M, Kopčeková J, et al. The effect of sixweek consumption of full-fat yogurt made from the milk of sheep fed with iodine-enriched feed on indicators of thyroid function and selected biochemical and anthropometric parameters. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica. 2023;26(3):223-235. doi: 10.15414/afz.2023.26.03.223-235.
• 5. Kopčeková J, Holovičová M, Gažarová M, Mrázová J, Habánová M, Mečiarová L, et al. Association between selected dietary habits and lipid profiles of patients with cardiovascular disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(20):7605. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207605.
• 6. Kopčeková J, Kolesárová A, Schwarzová M, Kováčik A, Mrázová J, Gažarová M, et al. Phytonutrients of bitter apricot seeds modulate human lipid profile and LDL subfractions in adults with elevated cholesterol levels. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):857.doi: 10.3390/ijerph19020857.
• 7. Lenártová P, Gažarová M, Kopčeková J, Mrázová J. Effect of crushed flaxseed consumption on cardiovaskular risk indicators in menopausal women. Life-Basel. 2024;14(7):849. doi: 10.3390/life14070849.
• 8. Mrázová J, Gažarová M, Kopčeková J, Kolesárová A, Bučko O, Bobček B. The effect of consumption of pork enriched by organic selenium on selenium status and lipid profile in blood serum of consumers. J Environ Sci Health B. 2020;55(1):69-74. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1653734.
• 9. Delaney M, McCarthy MB. Saints, sinners and nonbelievers: the moral space of food. A qualitative exploration of beliefs and perspectives on healthy eating of Irish adults aged 50-70. Appetite. 2014;73:105-113. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.10.017.
• 10. Žeželj I, Milošević J, Stojanović Ž, Ognjanov G. The motivational and informational basis of attitudes toward foods with health claims. Appetite. 2012;59(3):960-967. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.09.008.
• 11. Elran Barak R, Shuval K, Li Q, Oetjen R, Drope J, Yaroch AL, et al. Emotional Eating in Adults: The Role of Sociodemographics, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Self-Regulation-Findings from a U.S. National Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(4):1744. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041744.
• 12. Machín L, Giménez A, Vidal L, Ares G. Influence of Context on Motives Underlying Food Choice. J Sens Stud. 2014;29:313-324. doi: 10.1111/joss.12107.
• 13. Onwezen MC. I did good, and we did bad: The impact of collective versus private emotions on pro-environmental food consumption. Food Res Int. 2015;76(2):261-268. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.032.
• 14. Bongers P, Jansen A, Havermans R, Roefs A, Nederkoorn C. Happy eating: the underestimated role of overeating in a positive mood. Appetite. 2013;67:74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.03.017.
• 15. Reichenberger J, Schnepper R, Arend AK, Blechert J. Emotional eating in healthy individuals and patients with an eating disorder: evidence from psychometric, experimental and naturalistic studies. Proc Nutr Soc. 2020;79(3):290-299. doi: 10.1017/S0029665120007004.
• 16. Guiné RPF, Bartkiene E, Szűcs V, Tarcea M, Ljubičić M, Černelič-Bizjak M, et al. Study about Food Choice Determinants According to Six Types of Conditioning Motivations in a Sample of 11,960 Participants. Foods. 2020;9(7):888. doi: 10.3390/foods9070888.
• 17. Guiné RPF. Motivations Associated with Food Choices and Eating Practices. Foods. 2021;10(4):834. doi: 10.3390/foods10040834.
• 18. Bacârea A, Bacârea VC, Buicu F, Crăciun C, Kosovski B, Guiné R, et al. Emotional Eating Sustainability in Romania – A Questionnaire-Based Study. Sustainability. 2023;15:2895. doi: 10.3390/su15042895.
• 19. Immonen A-M. Essays on emotional influences in consumer food choice: Understanding emotional intricacies in consumers’ price vs. ethicality trade-off decisions, and perceptions of genetically modified food products 2015. Helsinki: Department of Economics and Management University of Helsinki, Finland; 2015. ISBN 9789515116789.
• 20. Ferrão AC, Guiné RPF, Correia P, Ferreira M, Duarte J, Lima J. Development of a Questionnaire to Assess People’s Food Choices Determinants. Curr Nutr Food Sci. 2019;15(3):281-295. doi: 10.2174/1573401313666171 117150648.
• 21. Annesi JJ, Mareno N, McEwen KL. Mediation of selfregulation and mood in the relationship of changes in high emotional eating and nutritional behaviors: Moderating effects of physical activity. Scand J Psychol. 2016;57(6):523-534. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12327.
• 22. Dohle S, Hartmann C, Keller C. Physical activity as a moderator of the association between emotional eating and BMI: evidence from the Swiss Food Panel. Psychol Health. 2014;29(9):1062-1080. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2014.909042.
• 23. Cecchetto C, Aiello M, Gentili C, Ionta S, Osimo SA. Increased emotional eating during COVID-19 associated with lockdown, psychological and social distress. Appetite. 2021;160:105122. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105122.
• 24. Lorková M, Gažarová M. Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the changes in dietary habits, lifestyle and physical activity in the Slovak population. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2023;74(3):1-13. doi: 10.32394/rpzh.2023.0268.
• 25. Năstăsescu V, Mititelu M, Stanciu TI, Drăgănescu D, Grigore ND, Udeanu DI, et al. Food Habits and Lifestyle of Romanians in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutrients. 2022;14(3):504. doi: 10.3390/nu14030504.
• 26. Nelson JB. Mindful Eating: The Art of Presence While You Eat. Diabetes Spectr. 2017;30(3):171-174. doi: 10.2337/ds17-0015.
• 27. Crockett AC, Myhre SK, Rokke PD. Boredom proneness and emotion regulation predict emotional eating. J Health Psychol. 2015;20(5):670-80. doi: 10.1177/1359105315573439.
• 28. Evers C, Dingemans A, Junghans AF, Boevé A. Feeling bad or feeling good, does emotion affect your consumption of food? A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;92:195-208. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.028.
• 29. Braden A, Musher-Eizenman D, Watford T, Emley E. Eating when depressed, anxious, bored, or happy: Are emotional eating types associated with unique psychological and physical health correlates? Appetite.2018;125:410-417. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.02.022.
• 30. Meule A, Reichenberger J, Blechert J. Development and Preliminary Validation of the Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale. Front Psychol. 2018;9:88. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00088.
• 31. Keller C, Hartmann C, Siegrist M. The association between dispositional self-control and longitudinal changes in eating behaviors, diet quality, and BMI. Psychol Health. 2016;31(11):1311-1327. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1204451.
• 32. Arhire LI, Niță O, Popa AD, Gal AM, Dumitrașcu O, Gherasim A, et al. Validation of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire in a Romanian Adult Population. Nutrients. 2021;13(11):3890. doi: 10.3390/nu13113890.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.32394/rpzh/202631