Fumigant toxicities of essential oils and two monoterpenes against potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller)

• Autorzy: Tayoub G. , Alorfi M. , Ismail H.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zastosowanie fumigacji za pomocą olejków eterycznych i dwóch monoterpenów do zwalczania skośnika ziemniaczaka (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Introduction: The potato tuber moth (PTM) is the major economic pest of potato. Different approaches were tried to prevent and control this pest including natural pesticides and synthetic fumigants. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the insecticidal activity of the essential oils of thyme and myrtle. In addition to evaluating the insecticidal activity of carvacrol and eucalyptol against the different life stages of potato tuber moth using a fumigation bioassays. Methods: Thyme and myrtle oils were extracted from wild Thymus syriacus Boiss. and wild Myrtus communis L. by hydrodistillation. Fumigation experiments were conducted on potato tuber moth of different stages of development (eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults), using standard methods. The potato tuber moth was treated for different periods using different concentrations of the essential oils. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied on the mortality percentages data to estimate the significance of differences between treatments at p<0.05. Probit analysis was used to estimate the LC50, LC90 and LT50. Results: Adult stage was the most sensitive to essential oils vapours with LC50 value of 0.5 μl/l air. Whereas, pupal stages were the most tolerant. The essential oil of thyme possessed the strongest fumigant toxicity against eggs with a LC50 value of 6.1 μl/l air. The two monoterpens showed varied fumigant toxicity against adult stage. Carvacrol achieved 100% mortality at 0.125 μl/l air after 6 h, and 0.025 μl/l air after 48h exposure with LT50 period of 0.5 h. Conclusion: The present work demonstrated that T. syriacus essential oil is a promising natural fumigant against the different developmental stages of PTM.

PL

Wstęp: Skośnik ziemniaczak (PTM) jest szkodnikiem powodującym największe szkody w zbiorach ziemniaka. Podejmowano różne próby zapobieżenia i kontrolowania tego szkodnika za pomocą naturalnych pestycydów i syntetycznych fumigantów. Cele: Przedstawione badania miały na celu określenie aktywności owadobójczej olejków eterycznych z tymianku i mirtu. Dodatkowo stosując fumigację zbadano aktywność owadobójczą karwakrolu i eukaliptolu przeciwko skośnikowi ziemniaczakowi w różnych stadiach jego rozwoju. Metody: Olejki z tymianku i mirtu wyekstrahowano z dzikorosnących osobników Thymus syriacus Boiss. i Myrtus communis L. metodą hydrodestylacji. Doświadczenia z fumigacją prowadzono na różnych stadiach rozwojowych skośnika (jaja, larwy, poczwarki i okazy dorosłe) przy użyciu standardowych metod. Stosowano różne stężenia oraz czasy działania olejków eterycznych. Do określenia istotności statystycznej różnic w śmiertelności owadów (przy p<0.05) użyto jednoczynnikowej analizy wariancji (ANOVA). Do oznaczenia LC50, LC90 and LT50 wykorzystano analizę probitową. Wyniki: Osobniki dorosłe były najbardziej wrażliwe na opary olejków eterycznych – LC50 przy stężeniu 0,5 μl/l powietrza. Z kolei poczwarki tolerowały go najlepiej. Opary olejku eterycznego z tymianku najsilniej toksycznie działały na jaja – LC50 przy stężeniu 6,1 μl/l powietrza. Dwa monoterpeny wykazały różnorakie działanie toksyczne na osobniki dorosłe. Karwakrol powodował 100% śmiertelność przy stężeniu 0,125 μl/l powietrza po 6 h i dla stężenia 0,025 μl/l powietrza po 48 h ekspozycji, przy okresie LT50 wynoszącym 0,5 h. Wniosek: W pracy wykazano, że olejek eteryczny z T. syriacus jest obiecującym naturalnym fumigantem działającym przeciwko PTM w różnych stadiach rozwojowych.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Herba Polonica
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 62
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.82-96,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Tayoub G.

• Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, PO Box 6091, AECS, Damascus, Syria

autor

Alorfi M.

• Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, PO Box 6091, AECS, Damascus, Syria

autor

Ismail H.

• Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, PO Box 6091, AECS, Damascus, Syria

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/hepo-2016-0024