Spatial variation in long-term trends in a metapopulation of the globally threatened Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola in Poland

• Autorzy: Zmihorski M. , Lawicki L. , Marchowski D. , Wylegala P. , Part T.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Przestrzenna zmienność trendów czasowych metapopulacji globalnie zagrożonej wodniczki w Polsce

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Polish breeding population (3,200-3,250 males) of the globally threatened Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola represents almost 25% of the global population. Except for the relatively stable large population in the Biebrza valley in north-east Poland less is known about population trends of peripheral populations in western, central and south-eastern regions of the country and whether trends differ depending on region. We investigated the long-term population dynamics in 38 small populations between 1969-2013 in the four Polish regions. Summarizing the trends of all small populations of Aquatic Warblers showed a significant decline in total number of individuals and declining number of populations over time. However, population trends were distinctly different in the different regions, with stable dynamics in south-east, moderate decline in north-east and sharp decline in the central and western regions. During the study period 19 out of 38 populations became extinct (11 populations in the western region, two in central region, four in north-east region and none in the south-east region). Five of these populations were later recolonised thus suggesting a pattern of metapopulation dynamics. To mitigate the negative trends and increased risk of local and regional extinction in the western and central parts of Poland effort should be put to increasing dispersal among populations by increasing the number of stepping stone patches between the viable large eastern populations and the smaller central and western ones.

PL

W Polsce gniazduje 3200-3250 par wodniczki, gatunku globalnie zagrożonego, co stanowi ok. 25% światowej populacji. Stosunkowo najwięcej wiadomo o trendach liczebności największej polskiej populacji w dolinie Biebrzy, natomiast bardzo słabo poznane są zmiany liczebności mniejszych i rozdrobnionych populacji w zachodniej, centralnej i południowo-wschodniej części kraju. W niniejszej pracy badano trendy liczebności wodniczki w latach 1969-2013 w 38 małych populacjach zlokalizowanych w czterech regionach Polski (Fig. 1, Appendix 1). Ogólna liczebność wodniczki w badanym okresie wyraźnie spadła, jednak dynamika liczebności różniła się wyraźnie między regionami: stwierdzono stabilne populacje w południowo-wschodniej części kraju, umiarkowany spadek w północno-wschodniej części oraz silny spadek na zachodzie i w centrum (Fig. 2, 3). W okresie objętym badaniami 19 z 38 populacji wymarło (11 na zachodzie, dwie w centrum i cztery w północno-wschodniej Polsce), jednak pięć z tych lokalizacji zostało zrekolonizowanych w późniejszych latach, co wskazuje na dynamikę o charakterze metapopulacji. By złagodzić negatywne trendy i zminimalizować wymieranie lokalnych populacji w zachodniej i centralnej części kraju, konieczne jest poprawienie dyspersji między dużymi populacjami na wschodzie a małymi w centralnej i zachodniej Polsce.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

bird; spatial variation; long-term trend; metapopulation; animal population; threatened species; conservation; dynamics; extinction; Aquatic Warbler; Acrocephalus paludicola; Poland

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Ornithologica
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 51
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.245-256,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Zmihorski M.

• Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE–75007 Uppsala, Sweden
• Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Krakow, Poland

autor

Lawicki L.

• West-Pomeranian Nature Society, Waska 13, 71–415 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Marchowski D.

• West-Pomeranian Nature Society, Waska 13, 71–415 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Wylegala P.

• Polish Society for Nature Conservation Salamandra, Stolarska 7/3, 60–788 Poznan, Poland

autor

Part T.

• Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE–75007 Uppsala, Sweden

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.3161/00016454AO2016.51.2.010